Heerarka Ururka dhismaha ee u taagoo protein ama qaab-dhismeedka protein

Dhismaha Britain protein la bartay muddo ka badan 200 sannadood. Waxay caan ku tahay borotiinada badan. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah ayaa ku dhexsameeysmo jirka (tus, insulin, RNase). unit aasaasiga ah dhismaha iyo hawlaha gaarka ah ee u taagoo protein ka acids amino. Intaas waxaa sii dheer kooxaha carboxyl iyo amino iyo borotiinka ku jira kooxaha kale ee functional, taas oo loo go'aamiyo xoolahooda. kooxaha noocan oo kale ah waxaa ka mid ah meeleeyay Britain protein branchings ah lateral: group carboxy of acid aspartic ama glutamic acid, koox amino ee lysine ama hydroxylysine, koox guanidine of arginine, koox isku badalo of histidine ah, koox hydroxyl of serine iyo threonine ah, koox phenol of tyrosine ah, koox sulfhydryl ee cysteine, koox disulfide of cystine, group of thioether methionine, phenylalanine core benzelnoe, silsilado aliphatic ee acids amino kale.

Waxaa jira afar heer oo ururka dhismaha ee u taagoo protein ah.

Dhismaha hoose ee protein ah. acids amino in Britain borotiinka way isku wada dheggan by bonds peptide, sidaas sameynta qaab dhismeedka hoose. Waxay ku xiran tahay kooban oo tayo leh ee acids amino ah, tiradooda iyo isku xigxiga ka dhexeeya xeryahooda ah. Dhismaha hoose ee borotiinka inta badan lagu go'aamiyaa Sanger. protein imtixaanka waxaa lagu daaweeyaa ditroftorbenzola xal (DNP), oon la xirrira dinitrophenyl-protein (protein-DNP). protein dibna DNP-hydrolyzed sameeyay Britain protein hadhay iyo DNP-amino acid. DNP-amino acid waa ka soo kabsaday walaaqdey iyo hydrolysis la cabbiri karo. Wax soo saarka ee hydrolysis waxaa amino acid iyo dinitrobenzene. ka dhiman ee Britain borotiinka fal la qaybo cusub oo DNP ilaa inta uusan Britain oo dhan jebin oo aan hoos u galay acids amino. Iyada oo ku saleysan baadhitaanka taranta ee acids amino ka samaysan qaab dhismeedka hoose ee borotiinka circuit shaqsi. Qaab dhismeedka hoose loo yaqaan borotiinada insulin, myoglobin, hemoglobin, glucagons iyo qaar kale oo badan).

By habka of protein Edman waxaa lagu daaweeyaa isothiocyanate phenyl. Mararka qaarkood iyadoo la isticmaalayo ensaymes proteolytic - trypsin, pepsin, chymotrypsin, peptidase, iwm

Dhismaha dugsiga sare ee protein ah. cilmibaadhe oo Maraykan ah, iyadoo la isticmaalayo falanqaynta X-ray, ogaaday in silsilado polypeptide protein inta badan ka jira qaab Alfa-helices iyo dhismayaasha mararka beta.

Alpha-galool waxaa la barbar jaranjarada muquuninta ah, taas oo u qabtaan shaqo ah oo ka mid ah degrees ku harta amino acid. In taagoo fibrillar borotiinada (Xariir fibroin) silsilad polypeptide waxaa ku dhowaad si buuxda u fidiyey (beta-dhismeedka) iyo diyaarin qaab dhinacyo, xasilin by bonds hydrogen.

Alpha-galool la abuuri karaa degna ee polypeptides dardaro (dederon, nylon), kaas oo ay leeyihiin miisaan kelli ah min 10 ilaa 20 kun. Haa. At qaybo ka mid ah borotiinka Britain (insulin, hemoglobin, RNAse) jebiyo qaabeynta helical Alfa of silsilad peptide ah, oo loo sameeyay qaab-dhismeedka helical of nooc kale ah.

Dhismaha jaamacadda ee protein ah. qaybo muquuninta of silsilad polypeptide ee Britain borotiinka ku jira in xiriirka kala duwan oo loo ogaado jaamacadda (saddex-geesood ah) Qaab-dhismeedka, qaab iyo qaabka mugga Britain protein ah. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in qaab-dhismeedka sare oo ka mid ah si toos ah iyo dhacaa sabab u tahay isdhexgalka la harta amino acid ah u taagoo dareeraha. xag Sayidka hydrophobic "barbaro" galeen Britain protein ah, la xirrira ay zone qalalan iyo kooxaha hydrophilic waxaa u janjeedha dhinaca dareeraha ah, taas oo horseedaysa formation of xaqiijinta energetically wanaagsan Britain. Nidaamkan waxaa ku weheliyay formation of bonds intramolecular. Dhismaha jaamacadda ee Britain protein guuriyeen for RNAse, hemoglobin, lysozyme of ukunta digaagga.

Dhismaha quaternary of protein ah. Noocan ah qaab-dhismeedka of Britain borotiinka ku dhacaa sabab u ah ururka of subunits dhowr daro hal Britain ah. subunit kasta wuxuu leeyahay qaab hoose, mid sare iyo mid jaamacadeed.