Hargabka shimbiraha: calaamado in aadanuhu. Daaweynta, ka hortagga, calaamadaha hore

Influenza shimbiruhu (H5N1) waxaa lagu magacaabaa kala duwan oo fayraska hargabka ah qaadsiin shimbiraha iyo la isugu gudbin karaa qofka iyaga. gudbinta cudurka dhacdaa ugu horrayn by wadada saxaarada-afka.

macluumaadka taariikhiga ah

hargabka avian markii ugu horaysay la sheegay in Italy ee 1880. Ugu bilowgii qarnigii 21aad, cudurku fido iyada oo shimbiraha u guureen ka South East Asia dalal kale, sida Austria, Germany, Sweden, Czechoslovakia iyo Romania, Asia, South iyo North America , Africa. hargabka avian ayaa lagu ogaado in Russia ee 2005, uu ku qoran by duurjoogta ah iyo guureen waterfowl. dillaacay lama tudhay kooxda Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tyumen, Kurgan, gobollada Chabrovsk iyo Territory Altai ah. hit xigta by virus ee Kalmykia, gobolka Tula, Turkey iyo Romania.

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee fayraska ifilada shimbiraha ee bini'aadanka ayaa la duubay 1997 ee Hong Kong.

Waa maxay halista cudurka

Noocan ah hargabka waa mid aad u halis ah in ay aadanuhu, sheyga aadka u faafa oo ka cadhaysiinina dhaawac halis ah sambabada, fayruska qaadsiin karaan beerka, kelyaha iyo maskaxda. Intaa waxaa dheer, waa xasaas ah in interferon daroogada, "rimantadine" oo uu leeyahay u janjeera in ay isbaddali, taas oo ka dhigaysa waxaa ugu khatar badan. Dhimashada cudurka waa mid qaali ah oo waa 50-80%.

Waa maxay hargabka ifilada 'caadiga ah avian kala duwan?

Calaamadaha in aadanuhu hore u eg astaamaha hargabka caadiga ah. sanka oo dareera, qufac, heerkulka jirka oo kordhay, nin noqdo mid daciif ah oo daalid. Laakiin cawaaqibka cudurka uu yahay mid aad u daran, inta badan ee xaaladaha jira dhimasho.

Sidaa darteed, haddii dhaqaalaha qandaraas ugu yaraan hal shimbir, xoolaha oo dhan si looga fogaado cawaaqib xun dilaan.

Jidka gudbinta

Isha jeermis - waa waterfowl duurjoogta ah. Waxay aanay u bukoon. In biyaha fadhiya, saxarada shimbir waxaa tegey mid fayras, kaas oo biyo cudurka digaaga waterfowl, ka dibna inta kale, kuwaas oo dhaqaalaha.

virus Man loo kala qaado by dhibco hawada. Marka aad qufacdo in digaagga taagan dhibco of xab ama candhuufta. iyaga oo neefsada, qofka cudurka qaba. Fayraska waxaa la isugu gudbin karaa taabasho, by taabashada maadooyinka on taas oo ay jirto qoondaynta of digaagga buka.

Fayrasku waxa uu ku noolaan karaa sanado badan at heerkul ah hoos laga jaray 70 ° C, iyo halkan waxaa lagu sugi karaa in hilib ah la qaboojiyey. Dhibtu hilib kulaylka loola dhaqmo si ammaan ah u dilaan virus ee +70 ° C, marka lagu daro, ma adkeysi soo celin karaa baraf badan (in ka badan 5 jeer).

khatarta sare ee fayruska ah ee dadka ka shaqeeya beeraha digaagga, dadka deggan dhulka miyiga ah, qaybinta digaagga. Sidoo kale carruurta halista, haweenka uurka leh iyo dadka waayeelka ah.

Tilmaamo Key

In shimbiraha, cudurka ku dhici kara laba nooc oo kala duwan. Ikhtiyaarka hore ma laha cawaaqib xun. Bird, kuwaas oo ahaa xanuunsan, joogsanayo inuu qaado, ayay arkay qufaca, oo baadad yihiin ruffled. muuqashadii labaad, taas oo ay jirto khasaaro ah neefsashada, dheefshiidka, dilaa.

Sidee hargabka a shimbir aadanaha? Calaamadaha in dadka ku jira marxaladaha hore la mid ah calaamadaha ifilada caadiga ah qabow ama waa, laakiin si dhakhso ah leexdo xagga pneumonia. cudur inta badan ku dhamaado geerida.

Xilliga cudurku waa mid ka mid ah in ay toddoba maalmood ah. Cudurku waa bilowgii ba'an - heerkulka sare, xanuun murqaha iyo kala goysyada. Heerkulka (qiyaastii 38 ° C) waxaa la qabtaa for 10-12 maalmood, xaaladaha daran sii socoto ilaa uu ka dhinto.
Jidiinka dhuunta, rhinitt, boronkiitada muuqan 2-3 maalmood, waxaa jira dhuunta daran xanuun. Oo ay la socdaan horumarka ka mid ah calaamadaha pneumonia viral dhacdaa cudurka sida hargabka avian.

Calaamadaha in aadanuhu waxaa laga yaabaa oo keliya ma aha sarkhaan iyo catarrhal. Inta badan waxa ay u saameeyeen, iyo mareenka caloosha iyo mindhicirka, Ulasocto matag, shuban, calool xanuun. Waxaa laga yaabaa in dhiigbaxa sanka ama ciridka. Qofka ugu bukoodaan ifilada avian, waxaa aad u dhakhso sii daraysa ee caafimaadka.

Baadhista xanuunada

Ma u baahan tahay gargaar caafimaad xirfad shaki yar ee hargabka avian. Calaamadaha in aadanuhu ka dhacay ka dib markii xiriir la shimbiraha jiran ama nin, waa sababta loogu daweeyo degdeg ah dhakhtarka. The dhakhtar-therapist baaraya, oo waraysi bukaanka, iyo sidoo kale magacaabi cilmi dheeraad ah. Marka la dhageysto sambabada haddii bilaabay si ay u horumariyaan pneumonia, qeexay neefsashada adag, waxay leeyihiin crackles. Inta lagu guda jiro X-ray ka ogaado si degdeg ah oo fidsan laakiinse dhexgalka.

Guud ahaan, falanqaynta dhiig qaba cudurka sida hoos u dhac in tirada leukocytes, limfosaytis iyo platelets ah. Waayo, ogaanshaha sax ah, marka lagu daro baaritaanka dhiigga, waa in aad mari suuf ah ka soo bixin sanka.

In aadanaha, bukaanka wuxuu noqon karaa beerka ah ballaadhisay laga yaabaa in kelyaha.

Sida loo daweeyo?

daaweynta Ifilada shimbiruhu ka dhacaan waaxda faafa ee isbitaalka halkaas oo qofka loo magacaabay by daawooyinka fayruska, ka dibna isagoo therapy astaamaha. The daroogada fayruska inta badan loo isticmaalo "Tamiflu", ayaa wax ku ool ah loo isticmaalo inta lagu guda jiro safmar ah ee 2008 iyo 2009.

In ka yar daciif ah, laakiin wax ku ool ah daroogada lagu daaweyn jiray hargabka avian - this "Arbidol", ee la maamulo ee qiyaasta sare oo bixiya saamaynta ugu badan fayruska. Iyada oo kulaylka iyo qandho leeysu daawooyin ay ku jiraan acetaminophen ( "Ibuprofen", "Nise", "Efferalgan"). Daawooyinka ay ku jirto interferon loo baahan yahay in kor loogu qaado difaaca jirka bukaanka.

Waxaa sidoo kale muhim waa go'doon dhamaystiran oo bukaanka, taasoo ka hortagaysa cudurka dadka ku wareegsan. Qofka buka waa in ay leeyihiin alaabta shakhsiga nadaafadda shakhsiyeed, gogosha, dharka, suxuunta, iwm Wajiga ba'an cudurka inta badan waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay ku dhaq mareenka-mareenka sare, in laga takhaluso oo ka mid ah xab u ururay. Intaa waxaa dheer, bukaan-socodka waa in ay u hoggaansamaan cunto adag, ka reebid ama xadka la shiilay, cuntooyinka basbaaska leh iyo acidic.

ka hortagga

Si looga fogaado caabuqa, waxaad u baahan tahay:

• Ka fogow taabashada shimbiraha duurjoogta ah.
• Carruurta waxaa ka mamnuuc ah in ay iyaga ku quudin by gacanta.
• At calaamo ugu yar ee cudurka ee digaagga u baahan tahay in la baabbi'iyo, dhacdada ka soo warbixisay in ay rugta caafimaadka xoolaha.
• Helay digaagga dhintay, waa inaad isla markiiba iyadii soo aasaan, oo gashanno hubka maaskaro qaro weyn, dhar badbaadin iyo gacmo gashi.
• Haddii aad qabto digaaga, ha ilaawin inaad si joogto ah u dhaqaan gacmahooda si fiican.
• Waxaad u baahan tahay in ay ku mari daaweyn profilatikada ee xarunta caafimaadka, in ay dhulka, meesha hargabka avian ayaa lagu soo ogaado. Ka hortagga waxaa ka mid ah tallaalka, iyo inay qaataan dawooyinka antiviral.
• In kasta oo kiis oo cudurka ka dib isticmaalka hilib digaag aan la soo diiwaan galiyey, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la xasuusto tallaabooyin taxaddar marka aad cunto karineyso hilibka digaaga iyo ukunta. daaweynta kulaylka taxadir ka caawisaa inuu baabbi'iyo fayraska.

Haddii aad naftaada ka heli xataa calaamadaha yar ee hargabka avian sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurtogalka ah, la xiriir rugta caafimaadka. daryeelka caafimaadka waqtiyeysan oo ku filan badbaadin doonaa caafimaadka, iyo xaaladaha daran - xataa nolosha.