GAZ-64: sooc, sawiro

The gaari ciidan Soviet oo dhan-wheel eryi GAZ-64 (sawiro hoos ku qoran), waxaa la soo saaray guga ee 1941. Mashiinka qoreysa midoobidda balaadhan oo ah qalfoofka, qaybaha iyo kiniisadood waxay keeni doontaa in model ah wax soo saarka mass rikoor waqti. GAZ-64 ahaa SUV ugu horeysay soo saarka gudaha iyo talo galay in ay ku amri dhismeedka dhammaan heerarka in USSR Ciidamada Qalabka Sida.

Ka sokow shaqada ugu weyn ee - Saraakiisha gaadiidka, saraakiishii iyo saraakiishii yar - gaariga loo adeegsaday sida xamuul ah oo fudud in celiyo madaafiic ah heerkiisa yar. Sidoo kale, GAZ-64 kaxayn kari waayeen inay sideed shaqaale dhabarka for masaafo gaaban. Sayidka, mishiinka loo qaadi kari waayeen meeshaad qalab la xisaabinta iyo amrayo in daqiiqo.

History of abuurka

Gaariga leeyahay ee la soo dhaafay, taas oo dib u sano ka hor dagaal dhaco. In 1940, Head of Department Farsamada Ciidanka Cas akhriyey maqaal ku saabsan sii daynta soo socda ee ah gaari gaari-dhul American "Bantam-C40". In fikrad guud ee la sii daayo SUV isla gudaha for Army Soofiyeeti. Waxa uu la wadaago fikirradiisiina wuu la commissar dadka V. A. Malyshevym, kuwaas oo mar ahaa mas'uul ka ah mashiino culus. Fikradda ayaa waxaa ay taageerayaan oo loo sameeyay.

"Bantam" sharci darro ah loo qaaday sal, oo ku salaysan waxaa abuuray GAZ-64 la width a track cidhiidhi iyo xuduudaha u gaar ah ee jirka. kala duwan gaari Soviet ka analogga ah ee American si sax ah si ay sheegay in aan loo qaadan Karin guuriyeen. Sayidka, horumarinta ayaa model ah gebi ahaanba madax banaan.

gaari Soviet GAZ-64, sheekada of abuurka taas oo qaadataa qadar badan oo ah waqtiga waxaa la abuuray laba dhirta, ee Gorky iyo nagga. xaaladaha Technical ayaa si adag gacanta bilowgaba. Oo dhererkeeda, track iyo miisaanka ahaayeen in laga bedelin. khariidad ee qaybta sare ee jidhka oo loogu talagalay in ay ku habboon rakibo ee hubka yar yar, qoryaha darandooriga iyo madfac 30-millimeter. Attention ee horumarinta ay diiradda saareen hubinta orodkii siman of SUV ah, jabkii dhabta ah ayaa laga yaabaa Anshaxa dab loogu talagalay ku biiro.

qiimaha midoobidda

Abuuritaanka SUV qaran waxaa guddoomiye ka naqshadeeye sare V. A. Gracheva. Arkay in baabuur cusub ugu midaysan la daydo jira oo ka mid ah Soviet GAZ-MM oo GAZ-61, taasi oo markii dambe si weyn u fududeeyey la sii daayo "afar iyo lixdan." Imtixaanka first on kala duwan ee ciidamada siiyey natiijada waxqabadka wanaagsan, laakiin horumar technology shirka looga baahan yahay. mishiinka ayaa la burburiyey iyo sameeyay falanqayn qoto dheer ee faahfaahin ah.

gabagabada cad waxaa loo sameeyey in noocooda waa adag technology ah. Sidaas darteed, wax soo saarka serial go'aansadeen in ay joojiyaan. Dagaalka keenay oo ku saabsan isbedelada, iyo wax soo saarka ee GAZ-64 lahaa in mar hore bilowdo qaxidda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mashiinka waxaa loo dhiibaa tiro ku filan in ciidanka iyo ayaa si guul leh loo isticmaalo ee jabhada dagaalkii labaad World.

Tilmaamo design

GAZ-64 model waxaa la abuuray oo ku salaysan GAZ-61, ee version a soo gaabiyey. Farqiga u dhererkeedu yahay 755 mm, dheehan SUV cusub noqday more maneuverable oo xasilloon. wheelbase The gaaban loo ogol yahay in la joojiyo driveshaft dhexe, kaas oo abuuray qaar ka mid ah dhibaato shirka gaariga.

Laga soo bilaabo model GAZ-61 amaahatay shirka isteerinka, nidaamka kala jejebiyey, dariiq dhexaad hore, ilo danbe, oo kiiska kala iibsiga. By GAZ-MM leeyihiin engine iyo gear ka dib markii ay dhamaystirka.

engine wuxuu lahaa kor u sababta oo ah sare Jaha ah spars jir iyo hubka, halka xarunta gaariga ee cuf wareejiyay bulkhead weerarka iyo dhanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dheelitir la'aanta ka soo baxaya uu ahaa mid yar, iyo qaab-dhismeedka wax ka beddeli mayso.

Markii hore, gaari cross-dhul ka tagay badan in la doonayo sabab u tuman xasilooneyn. hoos u dhaca ayaa ka mid ah taayirada dhul gaar ah dhisaa ay ku khasbanaadeen in ay isticmaalaan taayirrada barafka 16-inch caadiga ah, taas oo muujisey in ay tahay natiijo la'aan at wadidda on dhulal. Later, waxaa la soo abaabulay soo saarka ee taayirada gaar ah ku-GAZ 64 oo leh "herringbone" xidhiidh.

ceebaha

Ujeedadu waxay daciif ah SUV ugu horeysay ee Soviet leeyahay naqshado ganaax guga hore. go'yaal Elliptic loo isticmaalo in heshiis buundada Iskhilaafeen rigidity xad-dhaaf ah, taas oo keeni dillaacin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ganaax ahaa iyo awoodaha - at darafyadiisa oo xirmo guga ahaayeen faraha awood badan, Markay dhinteenna, lama duminayo. Mashiinka cusub, gaar ahaan nooca off-road, ma noqon karto qaab ahaan kaamil ah, waxay u baahan tahay horumar joogto ah.

jiifku ay khasaaro kale oo GAZ-64 ayaa la "qablamaya" markii baabuur-wadidda on dhul xunxunna. Sababtoo ah habkaani, gaadhiga ku jiray oo lagu naanayso "orgiga". Saamaynta waxaa sabab u ahaa, dhammaan ayuu ka sarreeyaa, wheelbase aad u soo gaabiyey iyo absorbers lama filaan ah si qaldan kulan fal dil. Ka dib markii ay ka saareen oo dhan qabsoomi koorsada toosan baxay.

Model GAZ-64, dhismaha ah taas oo aan si gaar ah u adag tahay, guud ahaan, buuxiyaan shuruudaha hawlgalka duurka dagaalka. engine The dhowaad marnaba guul daraystaan in ay si fiican u qabtaan xitaa baatrool hooseeyo falkaas iyo awood ku filan oo horumarsan. Gudbinta, driveshaft, oo ulahooda wareejiya, iyo qalabka kala iibsiga ahaayeen isku halayn karo oo aan qabyo ahayn in hawlgalka.

jirka

Qorshahaa waxa ka mid ah dhan-dhul jir gaariga. Body gaari military-soo-saarka gudaha ah waxay ahayd design arrin caqligal ah, furan, afar kursi. At gadaalka dambe ee qol ku yaaliin hubka iftiinka yar, rasaas iyo raadiyaha. In si dhaqso tago albaabka gaariga la tirtiray, oo muddo dheer iridda socod qasbay xiran by daah shiraac gaar ah. Cirkana dhismo sare oo ka mid ah noocyada ugu fudud waa jiidaa ARC ee dhinaca gidaarka ee muraayadda ayaa gundhig in qaab biraha.

Muraayada hore iyo diiwaan on surta tiirsado. Sidaas darteed, jirka ka mid ah gaariga uu ahaa si buuxda u furan on dhinacyada oo dhan. jir oo ka kooban darfaha flat, xagal iyo qaybaha gaadhya. The daraf oo tuubooyin u xiran yihiin dhammaan embriyaha. Alxanka xiriirayo xubnaha jir oo kala duwan loo isticmaalo Diisidda kaliya.

wax soo saarka

Horraantii August 1941, line kiniisadda hoos ugu tegey, Dufcaddii ugu horreeya oo dhan-dhul gaariga, iyo 600 oo nuqul ururiyay ilaa iyo dhamaadka sanadka, kaas oo ahaa xun SOFHURA. ka "riyaha" saraakiishoodii on jiifku ee GAZ-64 Marka laga reebo soo saaray gawaarida gaashaaman BA-64, tirada ay gaareen 3900 unugyada by xagaagii 1943. Tan iyo 1942, warshadda soo saarta inta badan baabuurta gaashaaman. Darawallada in Gorky xitaa laga helay fursad in la casriyeeyo qaabka hadda jira iyo waxa ay u isticmaalaan si ay u abuuraan ugu BA-64B la track dheer, ka dib markii taas mishiinka istaago in uu hirgaliyo. Model GAZ-64, kuwaas oo-soo-saarka la joojiyey 1943, waa SOFHURA gaadiidka kaabayaal ugu fiican.

Oo ay la socdaan baabuurka gaashaaman BA-64B la bilaabay soo saarka serial ah GAZ-67, kaas oo lagu soo hagaagtay bedelka "afar iyo lixdan." Habka cusub ee ka duwan ka horreeyay ay biruhu dheeraad ah xarrago leh, inkasta oo gaari ciidan ma laha. Headlamps galiyey godadka gaar ah iyo la gacanta hagaajin karo in jiho kasta.

Caddaymaha GAZ-64

Culayska iyo size xuduudaheedu:

• dhererka Vehicle - 3305 mm,
• height - 1690 mm,
• width - 1530 mm,
• dhulka ansixin - 210 mm,
• wheelbase - 2100 mm,
• track hore - 1278 mm,
• track danbe - 1245 mm,
• miisaanka Car - 1200 kg,
• awoodda taangiga shidaalka - 70 litir.

qiimaha ururinta

GAZ-64 haatan waa mid aad dhif u ah waddooyinka oo dhan more yimaadaan oo baabuurta oo dhan-dhul dheeraad ah GAZ-69 arrinta post-dagaal. la mid ah ugu weyn ee 64aad ee la ogan karo in model ah GAZ-67. From dambe aad ka dhigi kartaa 'reebi isaga ka horeeyay. Faraqa kaliya ee waa in wheel biruhu iyo shukaanta afar Afayeen u.

Si aad u samayso a GAZ-64 waayo, failed dhabta ah, aad u baahan tahay in la helo taayir asalka ah oo leh "herringbone" qoto dheer brand ee I-13. Tani waa shaqo aad u dhib, kuwan oo cutub oo taayir. Waxaad ku rakiban kartaa caag ka "Willis", dhigiisa Maraykanka.

Qaabaynta

Gaadhiga waa sidoo kale oo xiiso ururiya koobi Ghadafi. Model 1:43 GAZ-64 - riyadii of ururiya badan oo Layouts guridda.

Bishii June 2010, shirkadda "Hongvell Alaabta Limited" ayaa la sii daayay replica ka mid ah GAZ-64 ee 1:43 baaxad leh shiraac ah gadaal loo celin karo, in afar midabo - kaakiga, cagaaran, ciid, ash.