Faa'iidada Formula shirkadu

ganacsi kasta ee koorsada dhaqdhaqaaqyada dhaqaale u egtahay in ay ka faa'iideystaan hawlihiisa. formula fiican ee ganacsi kasta waa in la helo dakhliga ugu badan iyo kharashka ugu yar ee ka mid ah khayraadka.

Maxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qiimeeyo?

isticmaalaan noocyo kala duwan oo tilmaamayaasha dhaqaale iyo maaliyadeed ee qiimaynta ee shirkadu: kharashka soo saarka, factor faa'iidada ah ee wax soo saarka, xadad iibka, isbeddelkaas lacagaha, dhaqdhaqaaqa caasimadda, iyo sidoo kale qaar kale oo badan. Waayo, mid kasta oo ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha, kuwaas oo uu leeyahay ay hab gaar ah oo xisaab, tusaale ahaan, waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo go'aamiyo faa'iidada ah ee caanaha faa'iidada waa hawl weyn ee shirkada.

Production iyo faa'iidada shirkadu

Ereyga "faa'iidada" xidido ku leeyahay Jarmalka oo macnaheedu yahay "dhalidda." Iyada oo qiimeynta faa'iidada sawiri kartaa gunaanad ah oo ku saabsan waxtarka of isticmaalka lacagta caddaanka ah ee shirkadda. Laakiin sida loo xisaabiyo faa'iidada?

Tilmaamahan cabiraya u roon, oo ahaa soo saare ah oo ku saabsan kharashka qaybta ay. Taasi waa, tusaale ahaan, haddii margin waa 20%, shirkadda helay 20 rubles of faa'iido on Ruble kasta, kaas oo la wada baabbi'iyey ee habka wax soo saarka alaabta ama bixinta adeegyada. margin The hoose, yar shirkadda kasbada hal unug caadiga ah ee wax soo saarka. theses Kuwani Oo Xaqiijiyay In faa'iidada caanaha ee shirkadu ka.

Tilmaamayaasha faa'iidada sidoo kale loo yaqaan tilmaamayaasha faa'iidada. Dhab ahaantii, waxaa suurtagal ah si loo ogaado ku oolnimada iyo tayada maamulka ee shirkada, xisaabinta faa'iidada hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ee shirkadu. formula The Xisaab, waxaa la siiyaa dambe ee qodobkan. Haddii aadan sida qumman loo isticmaalo khayraadka shirkadu, ka dibna xadad u yaraan doonaa. Iyo iyadoo la isticmaalayo wax ku ool ah iyo dhaqaale ee alaabta ceeriin iyo qiyamka kale ay soo bixi doonaan.

faa'iidada of formula soo saarka kaa caawin doontaa in la ogaado heerka faa'iidada, by kaas oo aad xukumi karaa haddii ay faa'iido in ay galaan hawlaha sida ama baahida loo qabo in dib u habayn wax soo saarka dhinaca kale. In si kale loo dhigo, iyadoo la kaashanayo xisaabta caddayn karaan dantiisa ama khasaaro of this samaynaya ama nooca in dhaqdhaqaaqa.

xisaabinta faa'iidada

faa'iidada Formula ee shirkada, taas oo keeni doonaa qaab dulsaar, sida soo socota:

_{est P.} = ((Operating faa'iido) / (kharashka soo saarka + Production kharashka + kharashka Maamulka)) * 100%

halkaas oo:

• Operating faa'iido = (dakhliga ganacsi by hawlaha ugu muhiimsan) - (kharashka soo saarka + Production kharashka + kharashka Maamulka).
• kharashka wax soo saarka - kharashka tooska ah ee wax ganacsi ah (mushaaraadka iyo lacagaha mushaharka shaqaalaha, kuwaas oo si toos ah ay ku lug leeyihiin nidaamka wax soo saarka, kharashka soo iibinta iyo keenista alaabta ceeriin in baabba'aan ee wax soo saarka iyo kuwa kale.).
• kharashka dusha - waxaa ka mid ah kharashka korontada, korontada, warqad, adeegyada nadiifin, mushaharka shaqaalaha, kuwaas oo aan si toos ah ee la xiriira habka wax soo saarka, laakiin ma laga heli karaa habka ganacsi adeeg (xoghayayaasha, farsamo, lagu nadiifiyo, ilaaladiisa iyo kuwa kale), iyo sidoo kale kharashyo kale oo aan la saarin karaa in ay si toos ah.
• kharashka Maamulka - kharashka dayactirka shaqaalaha maamulka, kulamo iyo shirar, dhiiri shaqaalaha guulihii aad u fiican, oo xajinaya maalmood ciyaaraha iyo dhacdooyinka kale, safarada shirarka kala duwan ee agaasimayaasha, iyo sidoo kale kharashaadka kale gashay by ganacsi ee ururka ee nidaamka wax soo saarka.

Si aad u aragto factor formula ee faa'iidada shirkadu waxaa loo xisaabiyaa aan tarmo by 100%.

In mabda'a, xisaab this sidoo kale ku haboon yahay noocyada kale ee kharash-oolnimada, laakiin qaar ka mid ah isbedel. Tusaale ahaan, caanaha faa'iidada wax soo saarka waa sida soo socota:

_Ave P _=. ((faa'iido ka iibka badeecadaha) / (Qiimaha wax soo saarka alaabta + kharashka Production ee wax soo saarka alaabta + kharashka maamulka ee wax soo saarka alaabta)) * 100%.

Waa maxay heerka faa'iidada waxaa loo arkaa wax caadi ah?

Waxa ugu horeeya waa in la tixgeliyo qiimaha aasaasiga ah ee Tilmaamayaasha faa'iidada. faa'iidada hawlaha qalliinka, taas oo formula xisaabinta waxaa sare lagaa siin, wuxuu qaadan karaa noocyo kala duwan oo qiimaha. Haddii saamiga ka hooseeyo eber, waxay muujinaysaa in shirkada la kicin lacag on saarka ee alaabo ama adeegyo badan si ay u helaan on iibka.

Wehliyaha The of 0 muujinaysaa dhibic breakeven ah. Taas macnaheedu waa in shirkadda waxay heshay faa'iido ma leh, laakiin ma aqbasho wax khasaare maaliyadeed ka hawlihiisa.

Haddii margin waa ka badan tahay 0, shirkadda hadda shaqeeya ee dakhliga ku soo gala.

Maskaxda ku hay in ay jiraan waa soo celin macquul ah nuxurka meheradda ay, taas oo ay wadahadalo formula xisaabinta ku saabsan qaybaha kala duwan ee ganacsiga. Ma warshadaha kaas oo aad rabto si ay u daboosho iyo khataraha soo food by saaraha in meelaha qaar ka mid ah ay waxqabad.

Russia waa laga reebo lahayn. In shirkadaha in ay yihiin ku hawlan hawlaha kala duwan, faa'iidada laga yaabaa in si qoto dheer kala duwan. Waxaa had iyo jeer ma ay shirkadu la faa'iidada hoose wuxuu ahaan doonaa wax ka yar guul. Tani waa tiro ka mid ah sababaha la xiriira isbeddelkaas ee caasimadda iyo muuqaalada kale ee shaqaynaya ee shirkadaha in warshado kala duwan.

faa'iidada Normal berrinkii qalabka dhismaha iyo wax soo saarka kale

Tusaale ahaan, in beerihii dhismaha qalabka, iyo sidoo kale kuwa aan suuraggalnimo sare oo gaadiidka si ay u dalal kale, xadad celcelis ahaan waa heerka ku xiga:

• dhiig-miirashada ah ee dhuumaha saliidda iyo gaaska (80-90%);
• soo saarka alaabta cement (80-85%);
• wax soo saarka bacriminta (80-85%);
• wax soo saarka iyo processing ee biraha non-ferrous (60-65%);
• soo saarka alaabta birta ah sheet (35-40%).

faa'iidada Normal gudbikaraa bangiyada

In deegaanka ee bangiyada iyo hay'adaha maaliyadda arkay tilmaamayaasha soo socda ee Federation Ruushka:

• Adeegyada Banaynta (65-70%);
• ganacsiga adeegga suuqyada maaliyadeed (55-60%);
• adeegyada diiwaanka suuqa securities ah (40-45%).

alaabta isticmaalka faa'iidada aadanaha Normal

soo saarka alaabta in ku baabba'nay dadweynaha, ayaa xadad ah:

• soo saaridda waxa ka sameysan tubaako (40-42%);
• Yaynana kolna (25-30%);
• qalabka guriga (20-25%).

-Dhacyada ee ROI ah

Iyadoo core formula faa'iidada ganacsiga waa mid yara fudud oo sahlan, khadka hoose ma waxaa laga daawan karaa in xariiq toosan.

Hababka loo gorfayn qiimaha-lacagta, waxaa jira dad badan in sifaha tiro balaadhan oo ah noocyo kala duwan oo xuduudaheedu ay.

First of dhan, waxaa muhiim ah in la qiimeeyo oo isbarbar Muga iibka oo ka mid ah xilliyada kala duwan, iyo sidoo kale si ay ula socdaan faa'iidada ugu of caadada kuwa. Inta badan, marka ganacsi wanaagsan iyo rajo noqdo wax tar lahayn sababta oo ah hab aan sax ahayn in qiimeynta ee mugga lagama maarmaanka ah ee wax soo saarka iyo iibka badeecadaha iyo adeegyada.

Tusaale ahaan, soo saaraha ah ee wax soo saarka kasta oo rabto in la kordhiyo faa'iidada ay shirkadu, ma by yaraynta kharashka soo saarka, iyo iyadoo la kordhinayo mugga ee alaabta.

faa'iidada Formula ee halka soo-saarka ugu wax soo saarka waxay muujinaysaa in margin wuxuu soo daadiyaa laga yaabaa in si weyn ama xitaa noqon negative. Waa maxay sababta? Waxyaabo badan. Waxaa had iyo jeer waa fursad ee suuqyada laga badiyay ama bulk ay failure. sii dari kara sabab u iibinaya ama mugga si fudud u soo saaray ee wax soo saarka uma baahna suuqa, sida dalabka waa xaddidan. In erayada fudud, haddii aanay jirin mid ka mid ah inay iska iibiso alaabta, sababta aysan u baahan yihiin in ay soo saaraan. In the case of-soo-saarka badan alaabta si fudud u seexan doontaa in bakhaaro, iyo dekedaha.

Sidoo kale waa inaad tixgeliyaan saamiga isbeddelkaas caasimadda. Tusaale ahaan ugu horeeyay, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u falanqeeyaan waqtiga u dhexeeya iibka ah ee bilowga ah ee alaabta ceeriin iyo heer ah in alaabooyinka la macmalay ee helay lacagta. Tani waxay buuxin doonaan wareegga wax soo saarka. Item faa'iidada 1-soo-saarka waxay noqon kartaa, tusaale ahaan, 50%. Haddii ay jirto in muddo ah soo saarka heer sare ah, iyo sidoo kale wax soo saarka mugga a xaddidan, faa'iidada dhabta ah waxaa laga yaabaa in aad u yar in ay bixiyaan kharashka ka hawlgala oo dhan. Taasi waa, heerka faa'iidada 50% ma aha caddayn u ah guusha ay shirkadu, laakiin si fudud sifaha doonaa cayimayo oo ka mid ah hababka warshadaha iyo wax soo saarka.

Sida loo isticmaalo tilmaame ah ee faa'iidada ah ee wax soo saarka?

Dabcan, faa'iidada ay tahay mid ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha ugu muhiimsan kuwaas oo mid ka mid kala dhig dhigi karaa waxqabadka shirkada iyo in la sameeyo wax kasta oo gunaanad ku saabsan habka wax soo saarka.

Falanqaynta waxqabadka ganacsiga kasta oo aan ku filan oo kaliya in aad ogaato sida ay u xisaabiso faa'iidada hawlaha ay asaasiga ah, waa in la xusuusto, iyo tilmaamayaasha kale, iyo sidoo kale kala duwan hababka cilmi dhaqaalaha. Waa wax aan macquul in meesha laga saaro faa'iidada nidaamka oo dhan tilmaamayaasha oo ay iska leh. Tani xasiloonida dhaqaale iyo hantidooda, loobahanyahay, iwm Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u fuliyaan toosan iyo falanqaynta siman oo ka mid ah sheet dheelitirka, si ay u isticmaalaan tilmaamayaasha dhaqaale, sida dakhli ee magaalada, dhaqdhaqaaqa hantida.

Kaliya ee habkan si buuxda loo qiimeeyo kartaa index faa'iidada, go'aamiyo shuruudaha heerka sida iyo sida ay si waxtar leh loo kordhiyo.