Erlih Volf Iosifovich - Abwaan Soviet: Biography, hal-abuurka

Magaciisa ma aha cod weyn, laakiin waxa ay keentaa diirimaad aad u badan iyo murugo ... jecel The xamaasad leh ee Armenia, gabayaa hibada iyo nin wanaagsan, Sergei Yesenin ee naxdinta iyo dhicis saaxiib dhintay, la jajabiyey by ruxruxo ah cadaadis, laakiin ma illoobo - Erlih Volf. Wuxuu - qoraaga of gabayo cajiib ah, buugaag iyo shuqullo halis ah carruurta in ay noqdaan dad Classics suugaanta Soviet.

Volf Iosifovich Erlih, Biography

I. Wolf waxa uu ku dhashay June 7, 1902 magaalada Simbirsk, qoyska reer Germany Volga ah. Aabbihiis - farmashiistaha, Erlih doisprezece Lazarevich. Hooyo - Anna Moiseevna walaashiis - Tolkacheva mirra losifovna.

Volf Erlih gabayo iyo sheekooyin ugu horeysay bilaabay qoraal halka waxbarashada gymnasium Simbirsk ah. Ka dib markii dhamaadkii waxaa ka mid ah, laakiin wuxuu galay jaamacadda Kazan. Markii hore, ayuu bartay Kulliyadda Daawada, ka dibna wareejiyay taariikhda iyo Philology. In 1920, isna wuxuu u adeegay in 1-dii Ciidankii Kazan ee Territorial. Dagaalkii sokeeye ahaa askari Army Red, GPU Xoghayaha Waxbarashada ee Jamhuuriyadda Guddiga Tatarstan.

Volf Erlih gaaray Petrograd ee 1921. Marka ugu horeysa uu bartay at University City ee kuliyadda suugaanta iyo farshaxanka, laakiin, nasiib daro, waxaa eryay la'aanta taagan. Wuxuu ahaa ka qaybgalayaasha firfircoon ee doodaha siyaasadda iyo suugaanta, wuxuu yimid oo caan ah waqtiga "Order Imagist". Waxa intaa dheer in Ehrlich, waxaa ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu Leningrad Manida Polotsk, Nikolay Grigorov in Ivan Afanasyev, Soloviev, Gregory Shmerelson. In 1925, Wolf adeegay sidii Ehrlich waajib masuulka ah ee guriga ugu horeeya ee Golaha Leningrad ee.

Aayaadka ugu horeysay

Uu ururinta ugu horreeya ee gabayada loo yaqaan "Wolf ayaa Sun" Erlih Volf sii daayay 1928. Next yimid "Buuga-qorka," ka dibna "Arsenal". Next ahaayeen "Book of gabayo" ururinta, la sii daayay 1934, ka dibna "Order of Battle" (1935). In 1929, Ehrlich qoray gabay ah oo ku saabsan Soofe Perovskoy kacaan yaqaan, dil qabanqaabiyaha ee Emperor Alexander II. In 30-ka waxa uu ka shaqeeyay "Leningrad" guddiga magazine tifaftirka, ka dibna - wargeyska "weerar." In 1932 wuxuu aaday inuu goobta dhismaha muhiimka u ah qaranka - Sea-Baltic White ee Canal. The 1935 oo dhan lagu qabtay Bariga Fog, oo ay la socdaan qorayaasha kale in la abuuro "maalmood Volochaevskaya."

Marka waxaa loo yaqaan

"Buuga Aayado" Wolf Ehrlich waa mid fudud oo kooban, fududahay in la akhriyo, iyo sidoo kale dhammaan ee uu gabayada tix iyo tiraab. shuqulladiisii oo dhan waxaa ka buuxa macnaha qoto dheer, u maleeyeen-xanaajin. In 1937, xubin ka mid ah Midowga Soviet Writers I. Wolf daabacay ururinta laba carruur ah ee gabayada iyo buug "Adventures aan caadi ahayn saaxiibo." Wolf Ehrlich shaqeeyaa daabacay wargeysyada iyo majaladaha si fiican u yaqaan sida "saffarro suugaanta," "Night Red", "Star The". Intaa waxaa dheer in ay shuqulladoodii ahaayeen suugaanta gaar ah, Erlih Volf fasiraya ka Armenian. Ka mid ah, kuwaas oo gabayo Mkrtich Achemyan, Mkrtich Nagash.

"Xusuusta Yesenin"

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ka hor la shuqullada Yesenin, Wolfe I. la dhacay oo la daacadda, si qoto dheer ee gabayada uu. Waxay ku kulmeen 1924 ee Leningrad, oo ka dib ay isbarteen koray galay saaxiibtinimo xoogan oo socday ilaa maalintii ugu danbeysay ee nolosha Sergeya Esenina.

Iyadoo Ehrlich waxaa hore u ogaan lahaa, gabayo uu lagu daabacay wargeysyada iyo majaladaha Leningrad. Sida qorayaasha kale, wuxuu ka qaybgalay akhrinta gabayada. In 1924 Erlih Volf iyo Sergey Esenin ahaayeen firfircoon la gabayada uu ku Leningrad iyo agagaarkeedii, oo ay ku jiraan in Tsarskoe Selo. waxay halkaas ka sameeyey sawir xusuus leh ardayda oo ka mid ah Institute of Beeraha. Sergey Esenin had iyo jeer lala wadaago Ehrlich qorshe ay hal abuur leh, u qiimeeyaan labada naftooda iyo xeeran, oo tilmaamaysa in xaaladda degdegga ah ee ay isku halleeya, oo midba midka kale. Years ka dib dhimashada Yesenin ee badan ashtakaynayo Ehrlich ku lug lahaa inuu dil, laakiin waxaa haboon in la xasuusnaado ku saabsan xiriirkooda, iyagoo Gilgilan saaxiibtinimo diiran, oo waxaa iska cad in wararka xanta ah, kuwaas oo dhan - Been.

Marka, xaflad at Anna Abramovna Berzin Yesenin aan akhriyin oo kaliya ku qor gabay, uu "The Song of Ololaha Great". Berzin ayaa balan qaaday inay u wargeeyaan Macalester. Wolfe I. si degdeg ah hoos u qoray xasuusta gabay oo dhan Sergey Esenin sameeyey oo kaliya ka beddelka yar oo saxiixay. Ka dib markii ay ka tageen, Anna Abramovna qoraaladii in Macalester "October" qaadeen.

Kitaabka keliya ee qorkiisa tiraab Ehrlich noqday "xuquuqda gabaygii," qoran 1930. In hordhac ah, qoraaga ayaa isbarbar Abwaan askar iyo waxa daasadda, uu ku riyooday in hurdo, uu markii danbe iibsaday mid dhab ah. Wuxuu yaabab, halkaas oo ay dhammaato Sergei Yesenin, kii Ciise kuwa dhintay, iyo meesha bilaabmaa ku Yesenin, kii uu ku arkay riyo? Waxa uu u muuqday in uu hadalka ku saabsan images kala duwan ee qofka la mid ah, taas oo ku soo kacay iyaga la, la qurxiyey. In-qorka, kuwaas oo uu ku sharaxay kaliya xaqiiqooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee loo yaqaan isaga, laakiin waxa uu ku noolaa la mid ah, wuxuu ka baqayay waxa aan been uma sheegi karo.

In kitaabkan, I. Wolff ka hadlayaa wuxuu sir la Yesenin, oo ku saabsan labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay nolosha Abwaan weyn. In waxa, ayuu ka sheegay gabay Esenina ee la soo dhaafay, taas oo uu ku wareejiyay Ehrlich intuusan dhiman.

Good-bye, saaxiib

In subaxdii naxdinta lahaa December 28, 1925 Erlih Volf mid ka mid ah kuwii hore u tahay in la ogaado jirka ah ee Esenina in hotel "Angleterre" ah. dhimashada lama filaan ah aad u daran oo uu saaxiib fiican, weli wuxuu ka helay xoogga in ay ka qayb qaataan xaflad sagootin ah oo daahirinta, oo ka dhacay December 29 at House Leningrad ee Writers on River Fontanka ah. Next Ehrlich iyo Sophia Tolstoy-Yesenin, naag carmal gabayaa ee, galbiyeen rabrabtii in Moscow. December 31, 1925 Sergeya Esenina waxaa lagu aasay qubuuraha Vagankovsky.

Armenia

In dabayaaqadii 20-mada I. Wolf la saaxiibkiis Nikolaem Tihonovym baxay inuu safar ugu horeeyay ee Armenia. Oo iyana waxay halkaas booqday Argatse kor u buuraha Kobenhagen galay of Sevan buuraha Geghama qarxay, ayaa booqday keniisad ah, taas oo dadka degaanka wac Ayrivank. aragti ah sameeyey by dalka this on Iosifovicha Wolf, ma caawin kartaa, laakiin milicsato shaqada Abwaan. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaa ku jiray "sheekooyinka Alagezskie" iyo "Armenia".

Ma aha oo kaliya ku guuleystay nooca sharafta leh ee Ehrlich, laakiin sidoo kale dadka. Oo isna wuxuu saaxiib Nikolai Tikhonov yiri: "... Waxaan aragnay dad badan, laakiin waxa ay doonayaan in ay arkaan ka badan ...." Oo isna wuxuu sameeyey oo kaliya ma soo laabto Armenia. In dooxada Araarad xiriiraa beeralaydu on Arakas aan saaxiibo la ilaalada xadka la sameeyey, in uu ku faraxsan la waxgaradka Armenian, aad ugu dhow in ay qaadato dhammaan dhibaatooyinkii soo galootiga. Armenia buuxda ku qasbeen in wadnaha Ehrlich. Nasiib darro, jacaylka uu noqday dhimasho isaga for.

gooyey

In 1937, halka safarka Armenia, inuu doonayo inuu qoro qoraal ah oo ku saabsan soo noqonaya, laakiin tani ma aysan noqon. In xagaaga uu qabtay July 19 ee Yerevan iyo diray ay gelbinayaan in Leningrad. In xilliga dayrta ee 19 November ee isla sannadkaas Ehrlich ayaa lagu xukumay dil, waayo tirsan a Trotskyists ururka argagixisada kuwaas oo dhab ahaantii ma jirin. Xukunka ayaa waxaa la dilay bishii November 24, 1937. Waxaa keliya ka dib 19 sano oo Collegium Military ee Erlih Maxkamadda Sare Volf waxaa exonerated for la'aanta falalka uu ka koobnaan dembi.