Dzhim Klark - goosh "Formula 1". Biography, guulaha ee isboortiga

Wuxuu - halyeey ee tartanka. Taliye ayaa sida xawaaraha iyo drive. Wuxuu - Kooxda heysata horyaalka ugu da'da yaraa ee "Formula 1", sidoo kale kala duwan ku guuleystay. Oo kaliya nin geesi ah. Wuxuu - James (Jim) Clark!

carruurnimada

Wuxuu ku dhashay horyaalka adduunka mustaqbalka ee tartanka wadada bishii March 1936, tuulo yar oo Kilmani (Scotland). Waalidiinta James - iyo sidoo kale-off beeralayda oo qarashgareeyay waqti badan shaqada iyo walaaca. Laga soo bilaabo carruurnimada hore, Jim waxaa ka soo baxay si ay u noqdaan ku xigeen iyo bedelka aabbihiis. Waxaa ka mid ah lix carruur ah uu Clarkes mid ahaa wiil lahaa xuquuqda wiil in ay sii wadaan shaqada ay waalidka iyo is ogow ee beerta.

Laakiin ilmaha ma Koosaar fursad ay ku noolaadaan nolol degeen oo xadka ku hawlan beeraha iyo xoolaha beeraha.

Waxay keeneen in ay meelaha Scottish furan, ka bilaw neefsashada hawada cusub oo ku saabsan xoriyadda, had iyo jeer xiiso gawaarida sports iyo fardaha-xawaaraha sare.

Aqoon Isboortiga

At da'da saddex iyo toban, Jimmy tago dugsi ah haybadda leh ee Edinburgh - caasimadda ah ee boqortooyada Scottish. Waxaa uu dhaco jacayl Isboortiga - si joogto ah ku hawlan cricket iyo xeegada. Ciyaaro koox ahaan caawisaa isaga si ay u horumariyaan is-anshaxa iyo ruuxa iskaashiga, xoog iyo cabsi la'aan.

Halkan Dzhim Klark la kulmay tartanka auto. Waxa uu si xiiso leh ururiyaa qoraalada ka xilliyeedyada ka mid ah darawallada ugu fiican iyo baabuurta ugu dhaqsiyaha badan.

Tallaabooyinka koowaad ee dhinaca gool ee sports

Dugsiga, Jimmy hakad kooban. Waalidiinta go'aansaday in nin aad u baahan tahay inuu la qabsado nolosha beerta, oo guriga u qaatay. Tan iyo markaas, Clark dhallinyarada noqday si dhab ah ula aabbihiis shaqada, waxbarashada ka tago iyo mooraal ganacsiga beeraha.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaan jeclahay oo laga dheefayo in ciyaaraha, iyo drive by dhakhso wadista ma fududa in la ilaawo. Jim waxaa ka shaqeeya beerta, laakiinse si qarsoon ku riyoonaya inuu guulaysto tartanka ka Olympus. By habka, ka shaqeeyaan beeraha iyo ka qayb jinsiyadaha Clark maamula inuu isku daro inta ka ah cimrigaygu!

By ay goolka nin si tartiib ah u dhaco. dhuumasho First ceyrsaneysa baabuurta qoyska, ka dibna uu helo liisanka darawalnimada. Meel kasta, xataa beer on cagaf ah, dhallinyarada riyooyin James gaari-xawaaraha sare iyo guul guul.

Waayo, Jimmy lacag si ay u iibsadaan ugu horeysay "Talbot", kaas oo ku lug-bax yar, iyo tartamada kale ee xawaaraha sare.

waagaas oo dhan waalidiinta nin ee soo horjeedaan uu hiwaayadaha xawaaraha iyo isku dayeen in ay saameyn ku wiilkiisa, daaha ka oo dhan faa'iidooyinka nolosha beeraha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qancinta iyo seduction yar dhaqmeen on ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa. Oo wuxuu arkay gool iyo Colnimo u tegey iyadii.

guushoodii ugu horeysay

Victory raaco midba midka kale, oo waxay jecel yihiin inay tartan Jimmie biiray kooxda auto-tartanka German, Porsche. Sannad ka dib, wuxuu ka kooban koox kale oo Jarmal qaaday meel mudan tobnaad tartanka "24 Hours of Le Mans." Tartanka Tani, si joogto ah u qabtay tan iyo markii 1923 meel u dhow magaalada Faransiis ee Le Mans, jeegaga kooxda ku lug ma wax badan oo ku saabsan xawaaraha laakiin dulqaadashada iyo hufnaan.

Ka qaybgalayaasha tartanka waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay raadsadaan dhulka dhexe dhexeeya xawaaraha iyo isku halaynta of gaariga, oo waajib ah in la qabto baxay afar iyo labaatan saacadood on wadada oo aan wax jaba farsamo iyo burbur, iyo sidoo kale baahida loo qabo in la sameeyo adeegsiga qumman ee qalabka consumable: Shidaalka, pads kala jejebiyey oo taayir.

Inta ugu badan ee tartanka ku xiran tahay adkeysi iyo xirfad of pilot gaariga tartanka ah, sida uu u lahaa in ay qaataan ka dambeeya wheel ee celcelis ahaan afar saacadood markiiba, sugaya isbedelka ee ay isku kooxda yihiin ee joogsiga god soo socda.

waayo-aragnimo ayaa ka faa'iiday Jim tartanka "24 Hours of Le Mans", ayaa saameyn aad u weyn oo ku saabsan inta ka dhiman mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed bilaabo avtosportsmena.

shir muhiim ah

Ka dib markii ka qayb tartanka maalin gawaarida sports Le Mans u noqday qaybta ugu weyn ee nolosha dirawalka dhallinyaro ah.

Waxaa barbaro dareenka avtokonstruktor British guul Colin Chapman, kaasoo uu asaasay shirkad gaar ah wax soo saarka ee baabuurta tartanka iyo isboortiga.

Car "IBM" - this been abuurtay cusub Chapman, su'alaha iyo ka kale ee loo yaqaan gaar ahaan tartanka baabuurta "Formula 1" modified.

In 1958 Colin bilaabay kooxdiisa tartanka u gaar ah in ay ka qaybqaataan tartanka halyeeyga - Kooxda IBM.

Daawashada fuushan Jimmy Chapman lay kaabayaasha dhaqaale farsamooyinka iyo geesinimada of this fuula dhallinyarada laylis oo wuxuu u bixiyey meel uu kooxda.

Waayo, Clarke, waxay ahayd fursad ku faraxsan yahay inuu soo baxaan silsilad yar ee dhacdooyinka yaryar iyo muujiyaan xirfado uu dunida.

Tan iyo 1960, James fadhiya gaariga, "IBM" oo uu bilaabo inuu ka qayb "Formula 2", iyo dhowr bilood ka dib - iyo "Formula 1".

Dzhim Klark: "Formula 1", bilowgii

Isla sanadkaas, Jimmy qaadataa meel saddexaad ee wareega sideedaad ee tartanka koobka adduunka ee fasalka "Formula 1". Tartanka ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay on August 14, xusuus wadada, la dhigay waddooyinka magaalada Porto (Boavista).

Xilli ciyaareedkan waxa ay astaan u dhowr dhibaatooyinka line baabuurta. Chris Bristow jebiyey, oo jidhkiisana weli markii qaar ka mid ah been on strip jiray. Naxay, Jim u suurtagashay in ay meeshan xun dhaaftaan, laakiin weli wasakheeyey dhiigga gaarigiisa.

leefleefa yar ka dib, waxaa jiray dhimasho kale oo laga cabsado - dilay kooxda Sarkaalka Clark ayaa - Alan Steysi dhintay ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in shimbir weerar ku soo gelin.

In kasta oo ay qarow ah in ahaaday wadada, Jimmy isku dayay inuu sameeyo darafkeeda inuu ku guuleysto, iyo waxa aan ahaa in aan micne lahayn: guud Dzhim Klark dhacay tobnaad.

About this time darawalka helay dahab ah tartanka dhalinyarada iyo naxaas ah ee tartanka "24 Hours of Le Mans." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tartanka maalin kasta loo baahan yahay in aan ka jeelahay ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa, oo wuxuu ku ma aha in sannadaha soo socda ay ka qayb qaataan waxa ku jira.

kordhinta

xilli ciyaareedka soo socda, "Formula 1" Dzhim Klark helay ogolaansho in ay hadlaan in dhammaan tartamada Grand Prix. Horyaalka ayaa waxaa ka May lagu qabtay ilaa afar iyo October 8 oo ka koobnaa siddeed marxaladaha. pilot Scottish laba jeer si podium ka yimid, iyo kala horeynta guud ee meel toddobaad.

On stage toddobaad ee tartanka, tobnaad ee September, marka uu ka hadlayo ee Grand Prix Talyaani ah, xawaare breakneck Clarke isku dhaceen gaari darawalka tartanka caanka ah Saffarada Wolfgang von. Machine badan World Champion Skyward rocketed iyo dhagaystayaasha ku dhacay. Saffarada Von ayaa ku soo dhacay ka mid ah qol ay, isla goobtaas ku geeriyooday. Uu gaari ayaa dilay saddex iyo toban qof.

shilkan cabsi badan ayaa ka dhigay muuqaal aan tirtiri karin on Jim Clark. In gobolka of shock, uu ka tagay tartanka, laakiin dhawr maalmood ka dib markii uu diyaar u yahay inuu u tartamo hoggaanka ee Grand Prix Mareykanka ahaa.

duushay

In horyaalka ee 1962 Dzhim Klark dhaqaaqay been abuurtay cusub ee saaxiibkiis, Colin Chapman. "IBM 25" ay wali loo arko mid ka mid ah baabuurta tartanka ugu fiican taariikhda. At ay fiicnaaday "IBM" Jimmy uu ku qaatay xilli ciyaareed oo waxaa isku diyaarineysa in ay noqdaan hogaamiye, laakiin dhibaatooyin farsamo reebay. Inta lagu jiro marxaladda sagaalaad iyo finalka tartanka, ee lagu qabtay Koonfur Afrika, Dzhim Klark soo degay on stratum ah ay sabab u tahay saliid darrooro.

Inkastoo James ma guuleysan in xilli ciyaareedkaan, qaab ay hillaac dhalaalaya uu cadeeyay inuu dunida inuu - fuushanba ugu dhaqsiyaha badan uguna khibrad leh. "Formula 1" ayaa helay xiddiga Ifid cusub. Markaasaa waxaa taas la xaqiijiyay in xilli ciyaareedka soo socda, halka ay Dzhim Klark gaaray isla-dhamaadka sare ee meesha ugu horeysa oo horyaalka ah horyaalka adduunka. Waxa ay ahayd la soodajiyo a guul cajiib ah: Graham Hill ku guuleystay lacag ka danbeeya guusha ee toddoba iyo labaatan dhibcood!

Isla sanadkaas autopilot guul qaadataa kaalinta labaad ee tartanka, "500 miles of Indianapolis" (tartanka, "Indy 500").

Kulligood waxay ku haayaa xilli ciyaareedka soo socda ee jinsiyadaha dunida. Waxay noqotay inay u dhaqmaan Dzhim Klark - goosh la yaab leh oo weyn. "Formula 1" ku hayaa guul cusub oo uu kooxda heysata horyaalka cajiib ah.

In xilli 1964 hoggaamineed autopilot ah si kalsooni leh ku socday guusha, waxaana ay badiyeen seddex Grand Prix, laakiin waxaa soo koobay ee isugu soo noqnoqda sababo farsamo. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u tahay isbedelka ku dhacay gaariga yar lagu kalsoonaan karo oo raagaya - "IBM 33".

Inkastoo ay adag tahay, kuwaas oo ah (tusaale ahaan, on stage shanaad ee tartanka, UK, Jim u suurtagashay in ay ku guuleysato tartanka on saddex taayir), Clark dhacay saddexaad. Guushaan ayaa u baxay inuu ka wakiil ee United Kingdom - John Surtees.

Liibaan labaad

January-February 1965, Jimmy qaatay horyaalka qaboobaha, halkaas oo uu kaalinta koowaad ka qaaday, guuleystay shan.

Dheeraad ah, ee isla sanadkaas, uu ka qayb ah "Formula 1", ayuu xaqiijisatay horyaalka ee 1963, taas oo muujinaysa ciyaar cajiib ah oo xiiso leh lix guul ku Prix Grand ah, lix podiums, lix jagooyinka cirif. Kooxda heysata horyaalka adduunka Double in sagaal iyo labaatan sannadood - waxaa jiray wax ay ku faanaan oo wax ku faraxdaan!

Oo ay la socdaan Dzhim Championships Adduunka Klark ka qeyb qaatay jecel kale tartanka - "500 miles of Indianapolis," oo uu sidoo kale ku guuleystay leh qaab iyo xamaasad. Wixii dhacdadan, James xataa go'aansaday inay allabari ka qayb Grand Prix Monaco ka.

ka dib markii guul

Tan iyo 1966, ee "Formula 1" matoorada saddex-litir lagu xalin. By jeedo this Maanaan ahayn diyaar "IBM", mana abuuray ay. Sidaa darteed, Jim qaaday oo kaliya meel lixaad ee kala sareynta horyaalka horyaalka, iyagoo badiyay kaliya hal Grand Prix - oo dalka Mareykanka ah.

xilli ciyaareedkii ku xigay, Clarke loo diyaariyey sida marna ka hor. Guul xasuuqday Schalke ee Grand Prix ee Great Britain, Holland, Maraykanka iyo Mexico ah, waxa uu ku guuleystay biladda maarta ah sababtoo ah isugu soo noqnoqda ee Koonfur Afrika, Monaco, Germany, France iyo Kanada.

Isla sanadkaas, darawalka mar kale ka qeyb qaadanaya tartanka "Indy 500", taas oo meedka meesha labaad.

The naxdin 1968 bilaabay for autopilot halyeeyga si fiican. Waxa uu ku guuleystay kula soo gaartay oo ka mid ah South African Grand Prix (waxa ay aheyd guushii shanaad iyo labaatan dal siiyey). Oo haddana wuxuu ka qayb qaatay qaar ka mid ah tartamada oo kale, halkaas oo uu sidoo kale ka dhacay hogaanka hore (tusaale ahaan, tartanka "Formula 2" ee Barcelona).

Tan iyo markii ay ka hor Grand Prix ee soo socota, "Formula 1" waxa uu ahaa oo kaliya dhawr bilood, Dzhim Klark go'aansado sidoo kale in ay soo booqdaan tartamada oo kale. Sidaa darteed, toddobaad ee April, ayuu u tegey jinsiyadaha, "Formula 2" ee Germany.

Dzhim Klark: shil

In maalintaas naxdinta at Hockenheimring James, sida caadiga ah, uu ka qayb qaatay tartanka xawaare, si kalsooni leh u haysta isteerinka gaariga jecel iyo ku dhawaad dareen ma farax ama walwalka. Waxaa lagu shubtay roob, gaariga, jarida derbiga biyaha iyo ka tago buufiyo dheer, socda xawaare dhowaanin 250 km / h.

Wareegga shanaad. "IBM" Jim ma ay gaadhi kari waayeen baabuur kale. Goosh macsarada dhaqdhaqaaqa arimahan ku saabsan gaaska iyo gaariga ... Back bartey keentay in bidixda. Clark isku dayeen in ay kiyaawo heerka awoodda mishiinka, laakiin ay diiday in ay u hoggaansamaan. At breakneck baabuur xawaare dhinac ayaa goolka dhinaca bidix ee wadada, iyo iyada oo uu aqrinayo on caqabadaha samatabbixinta jidka iyo caqabadaha, duulay deegaanka ka leexsan ee.

From isku dhaceen awood la gaari geed Ahaysiinay googooyaa. The engine iyo gear ayaa u duulay siddeetan mitir weheliyaan derbiga, qaybta hore ee jirka oo in ay qaataan geeyo on sallaxa ah, iyo kan fuushanba, halka weli shidhka, dhegtay.

daqiiqad si istaagay in a pilot hurudda dhintay ka dib markii uu soo gaaray dhakhtarkaaga. Kala jeclayn by Jimmy kooxda sveshennoy madaxa isaga ka dhigay yaabka quus: "Waxa uu weli nool yahay!".

Haa, goosh weyn uu nool yahay, laakiin marka ay imanayaan wuu dhintay isbitaalka sababtoo ah jab ka soo qoorta laga cabsado oo dhaawac madaxa dilaa.

Wuxuu jiray laba iyo soddon sannadood, ...

Sababaha dhimashada

Markii hore, waxa lagu dhawaaqay in Dzhim Klark laga qabsaday. Markaasaa waxaa wararka xanta ah in uu ka soo taayirrada gadaal oo bidixda ahaa - oo banjarsan ama baabi'say. Laakiin in aysan u caddayn sababaha musiibo aad looga cabsado. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in isagoo cilad farsamo, fuushanba khibrad leh si fudud u wadid laga yaabaa oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka hadda jira iyo in ay joojiyaan gaariga xun. Oo tan iyo ma aysan dhicin, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la raadiyo sharaxaad kale macquul ah, "Formula 1" dhimasho xiddiga ahaa.

Inta badan dambe, dheer iyo soddon sannadood ka dib, waxaa la ogaaday in sababta dhimashada ee Clark noqday cillad halis ah oo gaariga. Inta badan, ayuu kala jejebiyey oo ganaax danbe, sababta oo ah waxa gaari tartanka ayaa iska daayeen inay noqon baabuurta Eebe adeeca iyo gacanta ay ku jirtaa gacanta khabiir ah xirfadle.

xusuusihii

On dhimashada Jimmy dhib badan oo ka mid ah asxaabta uu dukaanka, iyo xitaa kooxda ay xafiiltamaan, in aan ku xuso taageerayaasha xamaasad iyo xiiseyneysay. Qof kasta oo u maleeyey Scot rakaabka ahaa si gaar ah hibada ay awoodaan in ay ku guuleystaan in ka badan hal horyaalka. Waxaan u maleynayaa in ku saabsan sida a, saaxiib daacad wanaag iyo is-hoosaysiiya qof edeb leh.

Haddaba meeshii Dzhim Klark la dilay, a xusuus cross set.