DSLR-camera - waxa uu yahay waxan? Guudmarka, qaababka, faa'iidooyinka iyo muuqaalada

Haddii aad dareento in xoogga aad camera is haysta aad xaddido, ay jiraan sababo ku filan in ay bixiyaan si ay u DSLR-camera dareenka. Kuwani waxay qalab casri ah dareemayaal weyn image, optics ka xoogbadan, gacanta ku xoogan gacanta, fulinta fiicnaaday iyo miday ee lenses laysku beddelid karo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxan oo dhan ka shaqeynayaan dheeraad ah waa qaali, iyo qiimaha camera a SLR digital koraan, gaar ahaan ka dib markii barashada afku ee accessories dheeraad ah.

Intaa waxaa dheer, waa in la xusuusnaado in lacag la maal DSLR-camera. Haddii qalabka kowaad wuxuu ahaa Canon ah, waa badan tahay in soo socda uu noqon doono model ah oo ka soo saaraha isla, si ay u sii awoodo inuu isticmaalo lenses waaweyn iyo accessories. Halkan waxa ku jira dhinacyo badan oo muhiim ah in la tixgeliyo marka aad gadaneyso camera a SLR digital, iyo liisaska lagu daydo sare loo qiimeeyo ee maanta jira.

size shidma Understanding

Inta badan SLR macaamilka isticmaalayo dareemayaal image, cabbirada kuwaas oo in kastoo ay wax badan ka badan in ka mid ah kamaradaha digital caadiga ah, laakiin wax yar ka yar jir film 35mm. Waxaa laga yaabaa in waxoogaa jahwareer marka ay ka hadlaan duurka ku of view of camera ah, sida dhererka focal for uwadida waxaa inta badan la dhiganta 35-mm ah marka la barbar dhigo. shidma Standard APS-C ayaa 1.5-laab "factor dalagga" a. Taas macnaheedu waa in la gashto 18-55 mm yimaado in la DSLRs ugu daboolayaa beer 35mm of view u dhiganta 27-82,5 mm. Tani barbar camera 3x zoom gelis caadiga ah la dherer focal of 28 mm.

In shidma weyn waxay leedahay faa'iidooyin badan. Waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad si fiican u xakameeyo si qoto dheer duurka image - wax go'doonsan iyo in la abuuro soo jeeda isku darsamay. saamayn Tan waxaa badanaa loo dheer sida Japanese "bokeh". Its sida ugu badan loo qoray, laakiin xeerka guud waa in nuurka ka badan ku dhacaa furta in tiro ku muujinayaa aperture diaphragm ama tirada inta jeer f, asalka more isku darsamay laga heli karaa. Lens la aperture ugu badnaan f / 1.4 dhug yeelato iftiin 8 jeer ka badan f / 4, iyo in la abuuro karo si qoto dheer ah shallower duurka at focal fog ah oo dherer ah iyo rasaas loo siman yahay.

Sabab kale in loo baahan yahay in la joojiyo doorashada on shidma weyn - waa in la yareeyo buuqa image. DSLR 20-megapixel ayaa pixels badan oo ka badan camera a caadiga ah la isla xallinta. Waxay u saamixi pixels waaweyn dhigay dareen sare oo shidma sida qiyaasay qaab digital sida ISO, iyadoo image ah qaylada hoose. Faa'iidada ee aagga dusha weyn been in xaqiiqda ah in beddelayo midabka ama dhalaalka ka badan si tartiib badan ee "Saabuun". Taasi waxay suurto gal ah in ay gaaraan a sawiro dheeraad ah oo dabiici la dareen weyn oo qoto dheer.

kamaradaha jir-full

Qaar ka mid ah SLR DSLR-camera (Canon EOS 6D) waxay leeyihiin dareemayaal in waa u siman yihiin in ay size ee film 35mm. Kuwani qalabka jir-buuxa ah guud ahaan waa ka qaalisan yihiin dhiggooda la furta APS-C. Haddii mustaqbalka doonayo in uu si ku yiilleen buuxa tag, waa in taxadar marka aad iibsanayso muraayadaha. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu isticmaalo APS-C. Canon oo ku baaqay in ay line of xeeraan-S APS-C-gashto, oo siku daboolaya jir ah oo buuxa, loo yaqaan xeeraan. Nikon DSLR-kamaradaha isticmaalaan hab la mid ah, sixitaanka "hagaajiyeen" darka optics DX, jir a full - FX. Sony lenses ay APS-C darayaa naqshada DT ah, iyo Pentax DA iyaga oo ku baaqay.

Doorashada kaamirada

Waa muhiim in la doorto camera a waa raaxo ee gacanta. Inkastoo DSLRs ugu la midka ah ee size iyo sancada, inaanu style, koontaroolada meel, iyo qaababka kale ergonomic yihiin si weyn u kala duwanaan karaan.

The camera DSLR digital xushay waa in ay ahaataa ugu raaxo leh si ay u isticmaalaan. Haddii ay tahay mid aad u weyn ama yar in ay si raaxo leh, haddii gacanta ku yihiin ma u taagan sidii ay jeclaan lahaayeen this user, fursadda in aad ku raaxaysan kartaa toogtay buuxa ma noqon doonto.

gashto viewfinder reflex

By DSLR qeexidda waxa ay leedahay viewfinder ah indhaha in bandhigayaa image qabsadeen by gelis camera ah, laakiinse iyagu ma ay yihiin oo dhan isku mid ah. muraayad The Dardaarmi nuurka in mid ka mid ah laba nooc oo viewfinders. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah - pentamirror - badanaa laga helaa qalab heer-galo, sida Canon EOS Mucaaradka SL1 ku kacaya 549,00 oo doolar ama D5500 Nikon. In noocan ah images viewfinder waxaa loo isticmaalaa in la isugeeyey 3 muraayadaha indhaha ee sawir, kuwaas oo uu uga soo jeestay si ay u soo baxday in ay sax tahay, sida ka soo horjeeda image ah rogay on shidma nolosha dhabta ah.

pentaprism

Nooca labaad ee viewfinder DSLR-camera - pentaprism ah. Waxaa soo askunmay galaas adag, oo sameeya wax la mid ah sida pentamirror. First, sida caadiga ah, ka culus iyo dhalaal labaad. Nuurkii General fududeeyaa la tukado ee images oo kuu ogolaanaya in aad si fiican u hubiyo in sawirka waa in diiradda. Pentaprism sida caadiga ah bilaabaan in ay u muuqdaan in ay kaamiro SLR bartamihii kala duwan-sida EOS qiimaha Canon 80D ee 1199,00 oo doolarka Maraykanka ah, oo waa heerka codsiyada xirfadeed sida Canon EOS-1m X Mark II (5999,00 dollars). Pentax K-70 - mid ka mid ah lagu daydo heer-galo yar viewfinder ee noocan ah, taas oo uu leeyahay caymiska boqolkiiba boqol ah. Tani camera la awoodi karo ayaa encapsulation buuxda loogu isticmaalo maalmood roobaadka ama baraf.

Sidoo kale waa in fiiro gaar ah u korodhka boqoleyda ah jir iyo cover, sida uu siiyo fikrad ah size dhabta ah ee sawirka iyo muujinayaa inta sanamkii la qabtay waxaa lagu arki karaa. In labada kiisaska waxaa wanaagsan in la raadiyo tirada ugu badan.

Ikhtiyaar kale: EVF

tiro yar oo ka mid ah kamaradaha SLR suuqa bixisaa viewfinder ah ikhtiyaarka saddexaad - electronic. Sony DSLR-camera leh muraayadaha semitransparent go'an, sida Alpha ee 77 II, mararka qaarkood loo SLT. Halkii dhidbidda nuurka hortiisa ku ahaa, wuxuu ka tarjumayaa on shidma auto diiradda. Haddii user la uma uu diyaarin inuu viewfinder ee indhaha, kamaradaha kuwanu waa mid tixgalin mudan. Xataa flagship jir buuxa Sony Alpha 99 isticmaalaa qiimaha a of 1998 doolar EVF OLED, eschewing pentaprism galaas, wax caadi ah in kaamirooyinka kale SLR jir-buuxa ah. Haddii doorasho ku habboon yahay, waxa kale oo aad sahamin karaan iyo camera mirrorless - hagaajiyeen model la size ku shidma la mid ah sida in ka mid ah DSLR-qalabka, laakiin aan muraayad in Nuqullada image in galo camera ee waqtiga dhabta ah.

toogashada joogto ah

Marka la barbar dhigo caadiga ah qalabka digital DSLR-camera - sidoo kale waa xawaare sare. Waqtiga u dhexeeya adiga oo riixaya badhanka shutter iyo qabsaday image, lagu magacaabo Artur shutter, iyo waqtiga u dhexeeya shuut inta badan waa dhibaato ka mid ah kamaradaha is haysta. kamaradaha SLR u muuqdaan in ay si dhakhso ah diiradda, iyo xirmaan arakayo iyaga at dhow dismo. toogashada joogtada ah waxaa lagu cabiraa loox per labaad. Waa in aan raadiyo camera a in toogasho karo 3 k / s, inkastoo sawir ciyaaraha iyo naturalists u baahan doontaa qalab ah in lagu soo qabto oo degdeg 5 K / s.

xawaaraha autofocus

Dabcan, habka auto diiradda waa la socdo heerka ku yiilleen. kamaradaha SLR aasaasiga ah sida D3300 Nikon ah, inta badan waxay leeyihiin oo kaliya dhowr dhibcood AF, taas oo ay adag tahay in ay ula socdaan waxyaabaha dhaqaaqin.

Marka kamaradaha-dhamaadka sare Canon 7D Mark II dhibcood iyo Nikon D500 AF daboosho qayb weyn oo ka mid ah jir, iyaga samaynta ugu cadcad ee dadka isticmaala ku hawlan sawirayo tartanadii ciyaaraha iyo duur-joogta. AF toogashada joogto ah oo gacanta u geli gacanta, sidaas darteed waxaa muhiim ah in la raadiyo camera a in uu leeyahay qaab ku filan labadan koobin.

hortiisa oo ka mid ah shaashadda iyo HD-video

Video duubo hadda waa feature a caadiga ah ee kamaradaha SLR. Waa in aan raadiyo mid ka mid ah xajiya autofocus lagu jiro duubo. Sidoo kale waa inaad hubiso xawaaraha auto diiradda markii rasaas hab view nool, sida ay inta badan noqon kartaa mid aad u gaabis ah. Canon ayaa horumar ka sameeyay kordhaya xawaaraha autofocus markii qoraalana video in lagu daydo T6s iyo 70D, Sony camera diirada sida ugu dhakhsaha badan halka qoraalana video, iyo sidoo kale marka la sawirayo. Haddii user ah ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay isticmaalaan video inta badan, waxaa muhiim ah joogitaanka Jack makarafoonka la gelin ah - dibadda uga wanaagsan dhisay ku gubi doonaa.

Telefoto Lens

Inta badan dadka isticmaala cusub gargaarka SLR digital aan la iibsan optics dheeraad ah, laakiin waxaa jira kuwa ka fiirsan waxa loo baahan yahay in la kordhiyo heerka. First of dhan, marka lagu daro heer gashto 18-55 mm Telefoto la soo xulay. Waxa loo isticmaalaa, sida caadiga ah, zoom variable, laga bilaabo 55 mm iyo dhameysteen 200 mm ama 300 mm in ay soo saari doonaan wax ka badan darbooyinka dheer qiyaas. kharashka Plan for optics sida waa in ay bixiyaan 200-300 oo doolarka Maraykanka.

gashto 35mm

nooc kale oo caanka ah ee optics yahay ugu dhaqsiyaha badan, iyadoo xagal caadi Ra'iisul gashto. Ka hor inta lenses zoom noqon caan ah, kamaradaha SLR film waxaa inta badan la siiyaa optics 50 mm f / 2. Sababtoo ah shidma yar ee SLR macaamiisha maanta, taas oo u dhiganta a f 35 mm / 2.

xagal Standard siinayaa duurka ku of view, kaas oo ku dhawaad indistinguishable indhaha aadanaha ka, ayna u oggolaadaan in toogashada aperture soomi xaaladaha iftiin yar yahay, iyo sidoo kale in ay ka jaraan shayga by mugdiga galinaya asalka. Iyada oo ku xidhan qiimaha DSLR-camera ee lenses kuwaas oo kala duwanaan karaa, laakiin waxaa la filayaa in ay noqon doonto kala duwan ee ka 175 350 oo doolar.

flash dibadda

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in kaamirooyinka SLR macaamilka caadiga ah waxay leeyihiin flash ka dhisay-in, sawir badan door bidaan qalabka awood badan dibadda. Waxay dhaadheer iftiin badan, oo inta badan ay la dhaqaajin karin si aad u oggolaatid Nuur oo ah shayga isticmaalka muuqataa iftiinka. Kabsato flash off saqafka oo daari doona qolka oo dhan waxaa lagu gaari karaa iyadoo la kaashanayo of qalab gaar ah, laakiin ma jiid-habka DSLR-camera. Iyada oo ku xidhan baahida tamarta iyo waqti macquul ah ee wareejinta flash dibadda noqon kartaa 150 ilaa 500 oo doolar ku amraya.

gaashaan dibadda

La soco for DSLR-camera meesha xadka ee shaashadda yar ee guddiga dambe ee camera ah, taas oo aan u oggolayn sax ah oo diiradda lagu jiro toogashada, si ay u sii xooga ogeysiis orod oo hoosku, qabsato dheelitirka cad oo toogtay xagal weyn.

stabilizer

Stabilizer DSLR-camera - qalab in la yareeyo doonaa dhaqdhaqaaqa la rabin. Tusaale ahaan, a triaxial DJI Ronin-M la ganaax elektaroonik ah, waayo, kamaradaha kor ah oo miisaankeedu yahay in 3.6 kg. Waxay bixisaa xorriyad buuxda oo sawir halka ka shaqeeya darbo 6 saacadood - wakhtigan, nolosha batteriga on lacag batari hal. Waa ku filan si uu u xaliyo camera iyo dheelli u, iyo processor dhisay-in ay soo saari doonaan goobaha la doonayo. saxnaanta 0.02 ° si ay u qanciso shaqaalaha ugu hawl badan.

Intaa waxaa dheer, gacanta stabilizer fog via Bluetooth iyo codsiyada macruufka. Taageerayaan module DJI LightBridge oo gudbiya video fogaan ah 1.5 km.

bacda

siyaada kale oo loo baahan yahay - bac ah DSLR-camera. Sony LCS-BDF, tusaale ahaan, waa arrin wanaagsan iyo is haysta in uu haystaa camera ah, gashto zoom iyo optics dheeraad ah. Mesh goobo hore waxaa loogu talagalay gaadiidka iyo kaydinta of warbaahinta kala duwan, filtarrada iyo N. sidaas on. Waxaa jira jeebka dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dib iyo suunka garabka la dahaarka saari jilicsan.