Dhul-badeedka - in ... biyihii dhulka Ruushka

dhul-badeedka - waa qayb ka mid ah biyaha xeebta, hoos timaada awoodda gaarka ah ee State gaar ah. The United Nations width zone si cad u qeexay - 12 mayl-badeed, qiyaasay inay aritani ee waqtiga hir ugu badan.

biyaha jasiiradaha

dhul-badeedka - sidoo kale waa biyaha caalamiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan Wabiyaal, harooyinka, halkii durdurradiisa cidhiidhi ah, gacamo, iwm Waxay ka shaqaysaa Xukunka buuxda, ma aha jideeyey, in xeerarka badaha ee ...

goobta Water dhexeeya jasiiradaha, xaaladaha qaarkood waa biyaha jasiiradaha. Dhowr dal (Indonesia, Filibiin) waxay leeyihiin aaga gudaha ballaaran xaddidaya marinka, oo weelasha shisheeye. Si aan si hor joogsan navigation, ansaxayaa by Dowladda haad badda navigation fududeeyey.

dhul-badeedka

Si rasmi ah qayb ka mid ah badda waxaa loo arkaa inay dhulka (Ocean) ansixiyay UN gudahood zone 12-mile u. dalalka deriska ah by badda inta badan raacsan si labadeena on xadaynta ee qaybood ee xilka. Haddii heshiis la heli jirin, soohdinta waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa dhibcood ku meelsha meelaha dalka.

In dhaqanka, qayb ka mid ah gobolka waxaa lagu micneeyey in ay sharciga badaha u gaar ah, oo ay ku jiraan biyaha gaar bannaan ee aagga badda dhul ka baxsan. Sababaha khilaafaadka jira khayraad noolaha, khayraadka dabiiciga ah, meel istiraatiiji ah.

jiidda

The dhul-badeedka gobolka ayaa sii waday sida aagga jiidda, sida ku qeexan 12 miles. baseka A abuuray sida oo jidgooyo. Halkan, ciidanka soohdintu waxay qayb xakameeyo laga yaabaa in navigation ah, in la qabto ugaaratada iyo burcad badeeda, la garto shuruucda maleegay caafimaadka, laanta socdaalka iyo caadooyinka.

Maraakiib dagaal ee dalalka kale, sida caadiga ah, waa inay helaan ogolaansho si wax looga qabto aagga jiidda sub ah - maraan dushiisa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shuruudaha waxaa si cad oo aan ku qeexan oo ku jira waxaa habaynaya qayb by heshiis goboleed, ama "sharciga ee ugu xoogga."

zone dhaqaale Exclusive

dhul-badeedka - waa meel 24-mayl ah mas'uuliyad gaar ah ma aha oo kaliya. dalalka Nation xaq u leedahay in horumarka mudnaanta wax-u zone dhaqaale gaar ah. Waxay kala for 370 km (200 mayl-badeed) ka line xeebaha (ama biyaha jasiiradaha), haddii ay jiraan wax xaddidaya dhuleed ee foomka of xuduudaha badda ee dalalka deriska ah.

State ee EEZ shaqsi ahaan (ama la-hawlgalayaal) soo saaro karo macdanta, si ay u horumariyaan beeraha shidaalka, kalluunka iyo cuntada badda oo kale, si ay u dhisaan beeraha dabaysha iyo Goyiim, si ay u fuliyaan sahaminta iyo D. sidaas on. Waxaa xitaa dhismaha jasiiradaha macmal ah oo ay isticmaalka dhaqaale.

Dhanka kale, ee Law of Sea ee mamnuucaya niyad safarka hawada iyo marinka nabad weelashii dalalka kale. Banneeyey hab goomahooda ee isgaarsiinta, dhuumaha. Sidoo kale, xisbiga waxaa ka go'an in ilaalinta deegaanka, la baabi'iyo saamaynta masiibooyinka deegaanka.

zone shelf

Badda dhulka ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ah qayb ka mid ah khaanadaha kordhiyay qaaradda. Awoodaha Maraykanka gudahood zone shelf waa inta la mid ah awoodaha EEZ ah. Qaybahaas dhulka ah waxay daboolaa laga yaabaa in, kaas oo kiiska sharciyada oo ka mid ah goobaha dhaqaalaha ah ayaa mudnaanta leh.

Haddii khaanadaha kordhiyay ka shisheeya aagga dhaqaalaha gaar ah oo waxaa la xaqiijiyay kordhin quuska ka mid ah qaaradda ee dalka, gobol awood u leeyahay in khayraadka dabiiciga ah anigaa iska leh, kalluunka, iyo wixii la mid ah. D. Zone dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaale ku koobnayn oo qura EEZ ee 200 350 mayl-badeed ka xeebaha.

The dhul-badeedka ee Russia

Federation Ruush ayaa gacanta ku meel badda u baaxad weyn. oo soohdintii waxay u kala for 38,800 km. Biyihii gudaha waxaa ka mid ah Badda Cad, Chosha Bay, Pechersky dibnaha. The Sea ee Okhotsk, si silsilad Kuril mahad, sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah dhul-badeedka meel gaarka ah ee mas'uuliyadda. Waa mamnuuc loo kalluumaysto, waayo dalalka kale oo aan oggolaansho gaar ah.

Aagga dhaqaale daboola ka badan 4 million km ^2. Waxaa ka mid ah badda oo dhan:

• Kara;
• Laptev
• East Siberian,
• Okhotsk;
• White.

Qayb ka mid ah:

• Black,
• Azov;
• Caspian;
• Baltic;
• Barents;
• Chukchi;
• Bering;
• Japanese,
• Badweynta Pacific,
• Arctic.

Tani waxay meesha mustaqbalka noqon doonaa tareenka ee dhaqaalaha. khayraadka Biological yihiin biyo aad u weyn. Armaajo waa hodan ku ah qalabka macdanta iyo ore, saliidda iyo gaaska. dhismaha qorshaysan ee quuska joofane magaalo-warshadaha, taas oo soo saari doonta, gaadiidka, qayb ahaan si loo farsameeyo hadiyado dhulka.

isku dhacyada

dhul-badeedka - zone ah, xeerarka hoose Convention Sea. Laakiin maaddooyinka oo dhan ma dhab ahaan raaci doona qodobada ay. Inta badan saaridda badda dhul u dhexeeya jaarka tarjumaysaa diblomaasiyadeed, colaadaha iyo xataa ciidan.

Tusaale ahaan, Maraykanka iyo Liibiya laba jeer (1981, 1989) ayaa wajahay in muran weyn xadaynta ee cider Bay. Wuxuu juts qoto dheer galay territory ee Africa, laakiin balaadhan oo ku filan in ay ku xiran tahay xukunka gaarka ah ee aagga, laakiin Liibiya waxaa loo arkaa isaga u gaar ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay laguma qaybsan karo soohdimaha dhul-badeedka ee Nicaragua iyo Costa Rica. Colaadda diblomaasiyadeed waxaa la socda ayaa halista colaad military.

khilaafaadka dilka ah ka dhacaan inta u dhaxaysa Turkey iyo Greece, Japan iyo Shiinaha, Indonesia iyo Timor. Qaybta of South badda Shiinaha ee keeni kara dagaal baaxad weyn oo u dhexeeya Shiinaha, Vietnam, Philippines, Maraykanka iyo dhinacyada kale ah.

dagaalka ee Arctic ah

khilaafaadka qotoda dheer ee u dhexeeya dalalka fool circumpolar. Tusaale ahaan, biyaha soohdimaha dalalka Russia-wehelkayga iyo Russia laftiisa waxaa la calaamadiyo kala duwan. Federation Ruush waxay tixgelinaysaa dhulka zone ah danaha istiraatiijiga ah ee soohdimaha dibadda ee Gobolka Murmansk iyo Chukotka in North reer Poland. Norway, Canada, Maraykanka iyo tiro ka mid ah baahida kale si loo yareeyo aagga, sida ku cad shuruucda ee Heshiiska. Dhanka kale, Maraykanka iyo Kanada naftooda si xor ah u fasiro xeerarkan marka ay timaado danaha istiraatiijiga ah.

Armaajo oo ay hodan ku yihiin macdan, sidaas yihiin maadooyinka khilaafaadka caalamiga ah. Tusaale ahaan, hydrologists Ruush ee 2000 wuxuu lahaa waxbarasho gaar ah caddeeyo lahaanshaha tiixtiix quuska Mendeleyev University iyo Oogada Chukchi in shelf ee Asian qaaradda. On qayb ka mid ah dhulka ay sheegatay Greenland (Denmark). Duulaan 2007 hortagi danaha dhaqaale diiwaan of Russia ee gobolka Arctic ah.

Tan iyo 2010, ballaarinta Continental shelf sheegtay by Kanada kharash ku dhulalka xargaha Arctic. Gaar ahaan, waxaa loo arkaa qayb ka mid ah kordhinta Mendeleev ee qaarada waqooyiga maraykanka. Waxa aanu ka laaban sheegashada iyo Denmark. go'aamada waxay ku qasbay Russia inaan soo nooleeyo saldhigyadii ciidamada on jasiiradaha woqooyiga: Novosibirsk, Frantsa Iosifa, New Earth iyo kuwa kale si ay u ilaaliyaan danaha. Wadatashiyada 2015-2016 ee ha meesha kama saarayo xal tanaasul liiska shelf.

colaadaha noocan oo kale ah dhacaan biyaha Antarctic, sida tirada dalalka (Chile, Argentina, Norway, iwm) waxaa loo arkaa qayb ka mid ah dhulka bannaan ee barriga. Tani waa lid ku ah qaraarkii Qaramada Midoobay, aqoonsadaan qaaradda zone dhexdhexaad ah baraf ah. Guud ahaan, saddex dal oo darsin leeyihiin sheegashada xadaynta xuduudaha badaha.