Dhibaatooyinka Deegaanka ee degaanka ee saxaraha Arctic. Dhibaatooyinka Deegaanka iyo sababaha ay

Arctic The degan meel at latitudes sare, soohdintu waxay of taas oo Circle Arctic ah. On hannaanka jilicsan ee gobolka ayaa saameyn xun arrimo dabiici ah iyo hawlaha aadanaha. article waxa ay liis gaar ah dhibaatooyinka deegaanka ee degaanka ee saxaraha Arctic iyo gobolka oo dhan, oo ay ku jiraan Ocean Arctic la badaha, soohdimaha iyo jasiiradaha.

The dhibaatooyinka deegaanka ee Arctic ah

Tilmaamo dabiiciga ah iyo juquraafi ee gobolka la xidhiidha mowqifkeeda ee latitudes sare oo ku badan yihiin ee hannaanka biyaha. In 1991, dawladaha dalalka la territory gudaha Circle Arctic ah, ay qaataan istaraatijiyad in ay ilaaliyaan deegaanka ee Arctic ah. 5 sano ka dib, waxaa la saxiixay Ottawa Bayaanka oo la aasaasay Golaha Arctic ah. Ujeedooyinka ugu weyn ee ay shaqada la xiriira horumarinta waara ee gobolka Arctic ah. barnaamijka deegaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa jira, kuwaas oo, UNEP ayaa lagu tilmaamay dhibaatooyinka ugu waaweyn ee deegaanka:

• wasakhaysan oo ka mid ah badaha Arctic by waxyaabaha saliid ah;
• kululaaneysa ee caalamka, taasoo keentay in barafku ka mid ah u saftay baraf horjeeda;
• kordhiyo kalluumaysiga iyo wax soo saarka kale ee badda,
• beddelo deegaanka ee noolaha ee Arctic ah;
• hoos ka mid ah dadka xoolaha kala horjeeda;
• maraakiibta degdeg ah.

isbeddelka cimilada

Khariidadda aagga cidlada cidhifka woqooyi hadda degan meelaha yar yar ee xeebta Greenland iyo Eurasia, North America, jasiiradaha iyo gasiiradaha Ocean Arctic ah. Cilmibaadhayaasha ayaa ku doodaya in heerkulka hawada caadiga ah tilmaamayaasha Arctic Circle kordhaya si ka dhaqso badan gobollada kale. Taas ayaa horay uga horseeday in hoos u dhac in degaanka ee goobaha dabiiciga ah, iyo in mustaqbalka waxaa laga yaabaa inay tirtirmaan.

cimilada waxaa kulaalaya on lamadegaanka cidhifka woqooyi zone map meel kasta bedelay Dhuldhoobo. Waxaa halis ku eynu ee noocyada badan ee dhirta iyo ugaarta ku habboon tilmaamayaasha heerkulka jira. Lives dadyowga Arctic wadaniga ah, sidoo kale, waa halis, sababtoo ah nolosha dadka qarniyo sameeyay in iskaashi dhow la dhirta iyo ugaarta.

xaabo uu baraf Arctic iyo barafka

Adeegga Hydrometeorological Ruush ah ee 30 sano ee la soo dhaafay ayaa hoos u meesha barafka iyo badaha iyo ilaa xagga woqooyi. Heerka barafku ayaa kor u kacay tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay qarnigii XX ah. In mudada waxbarashada isla shaaca ka qaaday hoos u dhac ku dhumucda cover barafka 2 jeer ah. Khubarada waxay aaminsan yihiin in koorsada ee qarnigii XXI ah, geeddi socodka, kuwaas oo ku sii. dhibaatooyinka deegaanka la xumeeyay doonaan badaha dhexdooda, tusaale ahaan, xagaaga biyo meel Arctic doono ku dhowaad gebi ahaanba bilaash ah oo baraf ah. Markii hore, waxaa la furi doonaa on weysada webiga ee Ocean Arctic ah. isbedel ayaa saameyn ku yeelan doonin goobaha waaweyn fogaan ah boqolaal ama kumanaan kun oo kiiloomitir u jirta xeebta.

Wasakhda hawada iyo biyaha

arrimaha Key deegaanka ee degaanka lamadegaanka cidhifka woqooyi iyo Dhuldhoobo xiriirka la leh kala iibsiga ee tacsida hawada ka soo jeeda gobollada warshadaha ee waqooyi-galbeed Russia, Bartamaha iyo Waqooyiga Yurub. Waxaa jira khasaare ka mid ah wax-u roob acid - xal aqueous of baaruud iyo nitrogen oxides. kayd noocan oo kale ah si xun u saameyn deegaanka oo dhan jilicsan Arctic baabbi'in daaha khafiif ah ee ciidda ee Dhuldhoobo ah, si xun u saameyn hawlaha biyaha noolaha in matalayo in nidaamka hoos ku.

Ilaha ugu waaweyn ee wasakhda, dhibaatooyinka sii daraya deegaanka ee degaanka lamadegaanka cidhifka woqooyi - waxaa Macdan Qodida iyo gaadiidka. gobolka ayaa sidoo kale waxa uu leeyahay saldhig military iyo goobaha warshadaha baaraandegidda alaabta ceeriin dabiiciga ah. ecosystem ee dayrta:

• qiiqa iyo effluents ee shirkadaha warshadaha iyo danabka dadweynaha;
• wax soo saarka cuntada iyo processing ee Consort (saliidda iyo gaaska);
• macdanaha culus iyo qashinka kale ee wax soo saarka qodniinka-;
• walxaha sunta ah qaarkood (phenol, ammonia iyo kuwa kale);
• wasaqda badan oo ka saldhigyada xeebaha;
• maraakiibta qashinka ka shaqeeya shidaalka nuclear.

Saadaalinta ah xaaladda deegaanka ee Arctic ah

Khubarada waxay aaminsan yihiin in gobolka waqooyi horjeeda dunida, aagga cidlada cidhifka woqooyi gaar ahaan, weli waa loo soo bandhigi wasakhda aadmiga awood doonaa. Kordhi xaddiga shaqo on Continental shelf, halkaas oo ay ka fiirsato iyo gaadiidka ee khayraadka dabiiciga ah horey u ah loola socda. Tobanaan kun oo derricks saliid lisidda saliidda ee Arctic ah, sida laga soo xigtay hay'adaha deegaanka, labaad kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa dhici baxsiga ee alaabta ceeriin.

Dhibaatooyinka Deegaanka ee aagga cidlada cidhifka woqooyi. luma noole

The dubato samada qabow baraf ah Circle Arctic waxaa matalaya tiro yar oo ah noocyada mammalian. Xamaarato iyo lafdhabarka ee gobolka this maqan. Tirada noocyada shimbir ku saabsan yahay 4 jeer ka badan in of nuujiya. Tan waxaa loo sharxay by dhaqdhaqaaqa sare ee Shimbiraha, guuritaan ay xilliyeed, awood u leh inay dhex mushaaxaan ka badan masaafo dheer in search of cuntada. On jasiiradaha iyo xeebaha, halkaas oo ay jiraan meelo yar oo lamadegaanka cidhifka woqooyi, dubato waxaa matalaya naaslayda iyo shimbiraha. Waxaa jira walruses, shaabadihiisa, orso oo kala horjeeda, Dawacooyinku cidhifka woqooyi, lemmings. The wakiillo ka ugu badan ee waterfowl - duck ah, eider shinbiraha, guillemots iyo auks.

Dhibaatooyinka Deegaanka ee aagga cidlada cidhifka woqooyi ee la xidhiidha ee "rookeries" - deegaanada aan caadi ahayn ee Shimbiraha. Waxay u nugul yihiin sababtoo ah maraakiibta u baahan tahay in ay difaac, gaar ahaan inta lagu jiro mudada taranta.

ilaalinta Nature in Circle Arctic

Khubarada ayaa sheegaya in dhaawac weyn oo hannaanka jilicsan ee Arctic ah sababa ugaarsiga. Tusaale ahaan, ugaaratada ah oo biyaha ku saabsan Russia sannad walba soo saarta 300 oo orso oo kala horjeeda.

hanjabaad kale ee deegaanka ee gobolka, oo u baahan fiiro reerbo ururada deegaanka:

• xaalufka deegaanka;
• cadaadis sii kordhaya aadanaha;
• kordhi xaddiga dhibaatada qashinka;
• isbedelka cimilada.

Isla la xaabo uu meesha barafka waxaa sidoo kale hoos u jirkiisa, waxaa jira ifafaale hydrometeorological khatar webiyaasha ka tirsan pool this. dadka Native iyo shisheeye in Circle Arctic ayaa sidoo kale u xanuunsadaa nijaas nooca nugul ee gobolka. The dhibaatooyinka deegaanka ee Arctic leeyihiin ma aha oo kaliya gobolka, laakiin sidoo kale muhiimada caalamka. In Federation Ruush ee ilaalinta ee duur-joogta, dabeecadda wasakhda iyo xaalufka abuuray kaydka Arctic ilaaliyo. The ugu weyn iyaga ka mid ah: Kandalaksha, Great Arctic, Wrangel Island, Taimyr.