Darwin Reserve: boqortooyada jasiiradaha Peat

Biosphere kaydka - a goobaha si gaar ah loo doortay ilaaliyo loogu talagalay si loo ilaaliyo nidaamka dabiiciga ah is-sharciyeynta dabiiciga ah. Nature ee goobahaasi waa sida caadiga ah Sucuudiga, "duurjoogta ah" ama wax yar loo beddeli karin by dhaqdhaqaaqa aadanaha. Biosphere kaydka ee Russia, iyo sidoo kale dhammaan noocyada kale ee meelaha la ilaaliyo, si buuxda u siin jiray ka baxsan waxqabad kasta oo dhaqaale. Ururadani waxay ku shaqeeyaan qaabka guud ee Barnaamijka Adduunka, loogu talagalay in lagu muujiyo xiriirka aan fiicnayn ee u dhexeeya nin iyo dabeecadda.

Ka mid ah zone ilaalinta biosphere Ruushka door muhiim ah Darwin Reserve. Taariikhda Abuurkiisa iyo horumarinta muujinaysaa walaac ka Reserve, taas oo muujinaysa gobolka.

In 1941, isgooyska ee saddexda gobol - Yaroslavl, Tver iyo Vologda - waxa la dhisay kaydka Rybinsk ah. The War Patriotic Great looma ogola in si deg deg ah u bilaabaan waxbarasho ee ay saamaynta ku saabsan isbeddelka cimilada. Laakiin isla markiiba ka dib, xagaagii 1945, si toos ah si ay ula socdaan isbedelka ee nooca sarkhaansan yihiin kaydka, Darwin Reserve la aasaasay.

Maanta, meesha this ilaaliyo daboolayaa 112,000 ha, kaliya kala bar oo ka dhaca dalka, inta kale ee biyaha xeebta degan.

Winter of 2002 reserve Darwin daro liiska caalamiga ah ee kaydka biosphere muhiim ah.

territory of reserve - waa inta badan dooxada on xeebta Badda Rybinsk ah, qaar dhoobo go'aysa iyo elongated, qabow, sida haddii ururayaa galay hills masaafada: bixisay fiidda oo sitoos ah innoo. The gudubno Swale aan caadi ahayn, ugu weyn ee oo waxaa loo arkaa Morotskoe haysta oo ku saabsan 700 hektar.

Darwin reserve waa mid cajiib ah ay cimilada qaaradda dhawraa. Waxaa aad u fiican in xagaaga, marka heerkulka celcelis ahaan waa + 18 °, ma aad u qabow ee xilliga qaboobaha, maxaa yeelay qabow ka badan -10 ° waa dhif iyo naadir.

Dhulka reserve ee biosphere yahay mid qiimo leh, waayo, kaymaha ay kaneecada iyo meelaheeda dhoobada, soo baxday in ka badan 17,000 oo sano ka hor. Seynisyahanno ku helay in meelaheeda dhoobada sameeyey oo xitaa markii dambe post-glacial.

Maanta, buul sanadlaha ah iyo sirdoonka ee aagga la ilaaliyo in ka badan 15 nooc oo ka mid ah shimbiraha dhif ah, ayaa muddo dheer waxaa ka mid ahaa in Kitaabka Cas. Evidence of hawlgalka ku ool ah oo reserve ayaa noqday ku dhawaad bakhtiyeen ee Russia Swansea whooper, kuwaas oo in muddo ah ka hor bilaabay in ay buul iyo sirdoonka dalka reer Boos. Intaa waxaa dheer inay ku set reserve ee grouse kulaylaha madow, capercaillie, oo ah mugga dadweynaha ee Haad uu ka badan yahay meel kale oo adduunka ah.

Sidoo kale waxaa jira dhirta ku qoran Kitaabka Cas. Paltsekornik Traunshteynera, dhab dacas, leafless epipogium iyo qaar ka mid ah noocyada kale ee ku bulaalay aagga la ilaaliyo. Dhirta ugu weyn - kaymaha geed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, biyaha gacmeed helo diiran ee xagaaga, sidaas darteed waxaa koraan badan khudrad ah ka dhigtee iyo ku xoortay geedihii kala duwan Hornwort, sparganium, pondweed oo sidaas hodan reserve. Berry: cloudberry, karamberriga, Patriots.

Dalxiisayaasha ubucda ah safar meelaha abaabulay hanuuniyey ah. Iyadoo socda waxa on kartaa meel fog ka si aad u aragto dabagaalaha duulaya, boars duurjoogta ah, oo dawaco, oo mararka qaarkood orso oo brown. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kulan kale waa arrin khatar ah, xayawaanka dareento guriga iyo ma jecla martida.

reserve waxaa soo abaabulay Museum of Nature. In u - ururinta ugu taajirsan ee "Ruush" of dhicin, capercaillie beer ugu horeysay ee adduunka ee.

Laakiin laga yaabaa in ugu gaarka ah ee jasiiradda yihiin reserve Peat ah. Ka dib markii furitaanka oo ka mid ah Rybinsk kayd bogs Peat ayaa daadadku. Sanado badan, oo gogo 'Peat ka sabeyn in ay dusha sare iyo badewedu ilaa ay wada aan la joojin ay duurka ama caqabado kale. Waqti ka, jasiiradaha Peat Dhirta waxaa, iyo xataa maanta, kuwaas oo ay jiraan geedo.

2000 reserve Darwin ka mid System Adduunka Reserve Biosphere.