Contractile vacuole iyo sal-dhigida shaqo ay

Maqaalkani waxa uu barayaa akhristaha in qaab-dhismeedka ka mid ah noolaha fudud - kuwaas oo, uu diiradda saarayaa qaab dhismeedka vacuole contractile fulinaya function excretory (iyo ma aha oo kaliya), la hadli doonaa oo ku saabsan macnaha fudud iyo qeexayaa hababka ay jiritaanka deegaanka.

Contractile vacuole. fikradda

Vacuole (ka vacuole Faransiis, ka vacuus Latin eray -. Blank), godadka yar spherical ee dhirta iyo xayawaanka unugyada ama noolaha unicellular. Contractile vacuole gaar ahaan caadi ka mid ah noolaha fudud ku nool biyo nadiif ah, tusaale ahaan, ka mid ah protists sida Proteus amoeba, Paramecium caudatum, taas oo ay magaca asalka ah helay ka qaab ee jirka, oo la mid ah qaabka ay calaacalaha cagahoodu kabaha. Waxa intaa dheer in fudud, kuwaas oo, qaababka isku mid ah ayaa laga helaa unugyada buushka biyaha saafiga ah oo kala duwan, kaas oo ka tirsan spongillidae qoyska.

Dhismaha vacuole contractile ah. qaababka ay

Contractile vacuole waa organelles xuub, taas oo qabata ejection ah ee dareeraha xad-dhaaf ah ka cytoplasm ah. The goobta iyo qaab-dhismeedka cutubkan kala duwan ee noolaha kala duwan. The vacuoles xumbo-ama embriyaha adag u yeedhay Spong, dareeraha galo vacuole contractile ah. Sababo la xiriira hawlgalka joogto ah nidaamka la hayo mugga cell deggan. In protozoa leeyihiin vacuoles contractile, kaas oo noqonaya unugga sharciyeynta cadaadiska osmotic iyo sidoo kale u adeegaya in dheecaan ka alaabta suuska jirka. kaliya jirka ah waxay ka kooban tahay gacanta ka mid ah oo keliya, taas oo, ka bacdi, waxay siisaa dhammaan hawlaha lagama maarmaanka nolosha. Wakiilada subkingdoms this sida Paramecium caudatum, Amoeba Proteus, unicellular kale hantiyi guryaha oo dhan jirka madax banaan.

Doorka ah noolaha fudud

Cage oo dhan u qabata hawlaha muhiimka ah: doorashada, Neefta, caro, dhaqdhaqaaqa, taranka, iyo dheef. Protozoa waa xoojisay. Tirada ugu weyn ee noocyada nool yihiin biyaha badda oo cusub ah, dad badan oo deggan ciidda qoyan saamayn ku yeelan kara nolosha warshad in maydka xoolaha multicellular iyo aadanuhu. In dabiiciga ah, si fudud kaalintaa fulinteeda nadaafadeed, sida ay ku lug leeyihiin wareegga ah ee walxaha, waa cunto xoolo badan.

vacuole Contractile at Amoeba Proteus

Amoeba Proteus - wakiil ah rhizomes fasalka, ma, in la barbardhigo xubnaha kale ee jirka ka mid ah qaab joogto ah. Lyadoo loo sii xiga via prolegs. Haddaba aynu wuxuu la jiraa kuwa ka qabtaan, waa maxay shaqo ee vacuole contractile at amoebae ah. sharciyeynta heerka Tani waxay cadaadis osmotic gudahood ay gacanta. Waxay Amoeba Proteus la abuuri karaa in qayb ka mid ah unugyada. Iyada oo xuub dibadda oo biyo ah ka soo deegaan ku qubanayo galay osmotically ah. fiirsashada of solute in gacanta amoeba ka badan ee deegaanka. Sidaas darteed, kala duwan yihiin cadaadiska gudaha unugyada hoose oo ka shisheeya ah. hawlaha Contractile vacuole in amoeba - nooc ka mid ah qalab nuugid in soo saarka biyaha xad-dhaaf ah ka protozoa gacanta. Dheecaan deegaanka Amoeba Proteus dareeraha ururtay kartaan in qayb ka mid ah oogada jidhka.

function ah vacuole contractile ee noocan oo kale ah waa la aqbali karo, waayo, noolaha ugu fudud ee ku nool biyo macaan. In foomamka dulinka iyo badda ku nool deegaan ay cadaadiska osmotic uu ka badan yahay in biyo nadiif ah, kuwaas oo qalab heer hoose la yareeyo ama aad u dhif ah inta badan ka maqan yihiin. Qiyaastii vacuoles contractile ee noolaha ugu fudud mitochondria urursan bixinta tamarta si ay u qabtaan shaqada osmotic.

osmoregulatory sokow qabata shaqo muhiim ah Neefta, iyadoo ay sabab u ingriiska samatabbixiyaa biyo socda ogsijiin kala diri. Maxaa kale waa shaqo ee vacuole contractile ah? Just qabtaan shaqo excretory, kuwaas oo biyo soo minguuriyey alaabta dheefshiidka ee deegaanka.

Neefta osmoregulation doorashada ee kabaha ciliates

jidhka waxaa si fudud u daboolay by qolof ah oo cufan, taas oo uu leeyahay qaab joogto ah. Waxay quutaan bakteeriyada, iyo algae, oo ay ku jiraan qaar ka mid ah protozoa. Ciliates u shaqeeyo waa ka dhib badan tahay in qaab-dhismeedka amoeba ah. In gacanta, hore iyo gadaal kabaha jira laba vacuoles contractile. Cutubkan taangiga garan iyo dhowr tubules yar. Contractile vacuole si joogto ah, in qaab dhismeedka this (microtubule), meel go'an in gacanta mahad.

Shaqada ugu weyn ee vacuoles contractile nolosha wakiil ee ugu fudud ee - osmoregulation, maadaama ay ka saaraysaa ka soo unugyada biyaha xad-dhaaf ah, kaas oo uu galo unugyada ay sabab u tahay ingriiska. First, waxaa barar ah channels keentay, ka dibna biyo la nuugaa ama looga saaraa iyaga ka mid ah ee taangiga gaar ah. kaydka waa la dhimay, laga soocay keentay channels ka dhex daloolada biyo baxdo. In gacanta, ciliates jira laba vacuoles contractile, taas oo, ee jeedo, dhaqmaan mucaaradka. Sababo la xiriira hawlgalka laba qalabka sida ay bixiyaan habka a joogto ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, biyo joogto siidaayey iyada oo hawlaha vacuoles contractile. Waxa ay sidoo kale tilmaantay Tifaftirayaasha iyo inta jeer foosha ku xiran tahay heerkulka daarmayaay'e ah.

Sidaas darteed, heerkulka qolka (18 - 20 degrees Celsius), inta jeer ee foosha of vacuoles, sida laga soo xigtay qaar ka mid ah 10-15 ilbiriqsi. Oo waxaa la siiyey in kabaha degaanka dabiiciga ah waa biyo cusub biyo iyo joogitaanka dhexdeeda kharribmayo arrinta organic taagan, heerkulka dhexdhexaad ah ee dhowr darajo kala duwan taas oo ku xidhan wakhtiga sano oo sidaas daraaddeed inta jeer ee foosha gaari karin 20-25 ilbiriqsi. Mid ka mid ah saacad vacuole contractile shaqeeyo fudud tuuro awood unugyada qadarkuu oo biyo ah. dhigma ay size. Waxay ku ururto nafaqada cuntada nuxurrada, wax soo saarka dhamaadka dheefshiidka, sidoo kale waxaa lagu ogaan karaa oksijiin iyo nitrogen.

protozoa daawaynta biyaha wasakhaysan

Saameyn ku yeelan on wareegga ugu fudud walxaha si dabiici ah muhiimadda ugu weyn. In berkadood ay sabab u tahay soo jeeda ee wasakhda, afgembi in bakteeriyada u tiro badan. Sidaas darteed, waxaa jira protozoa kala duwan kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo in cuntada iyo bakteeriyada, kuwaas oo, oo sidaas ay gacan dabiiciga ah berkadood nadiifinta.

gunaanad

In kasta oo qaab-dhismeedka fudud oo ka mid ah noolaha hal-unuglaha, jirka ka mid ah oo wuxuu ka kooban yahay hal unug, laakiin waxa uu qabtaa hawlaha u shaqeeyo oo dhan, si yaab leh ku habboon deegaanka. Waxaa xitaa laga arki karaa qaabka vacuole contractile ah. Si aad u taariikhda, aynu hore u cadaato muhiimad weyn ee nooca fudud oo ay ka qayb-wareegga ah ee arrinta.