"Comedy Finita la!", Taas macnaheedu weedha caanka ah

"Bandhigid waa ka badan!" - waxaan la sarbeeb odhan, haddii dhameystirtay qaar ka mid ah ku falayo, arrinta su'aal. More inta badan, xaaladan oo kale, aan u isticmaalno weedha ah in ay muddo dheer tan iyo markii uu noqday a baalal Waa maxay waxa ay asal ahaan, waxa macne u enfolds iyo sida inta badan loo isticmaalaa "Finita la comedy!" - hadal this.

hadda, ka dhawaajiyaan

talaabsan A waa nuqul ku qornayd warqadihii ay Ruush, aan macnaha turjumaad ah weedha ah finita commedia la, oo waxaa lagu tiriyaa in ay af Talyaani - "comedy compactly la". Translation waa - "majaajilada ay ka badan tahay." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida ku cad shuruucda naxwe ahaaneed ee luqada Talyaaniga, sax ah in aad tidhaahdo: La commedia e finita. Waa arrinkaa waxa ay u muuqataa weedha ah "comedy compactly la" ee Talyaaniga.

End of Amarka!

Tan iyo ra'yi dhiibashada, kanu wuxuu ahaa mid deggan afka Ruush, Shaqaalaha ku Dooddaan Arrin u category ee weedhaha. Qiimaha lagu qoray hadal sarbeebeed xogta semantically la xiriira kale deggan qowlka "play-fal" - taas oo macnaheedu yahay bursatay ah, isku day ah si uu uga dhumiyo. Haddii qof ma maamuuso, daboolay dhigyo wanaagsan xumaanta, oo taasuna waxay ahayd dhamaadka, waxaa haboon in la yidhaahdo: - taas oo macnaheedu yahay "ciyaarta ka badan yahay, haatan wax waluba ku dhici doonaan meel, oo runta la muujin doonaa" "Finita la comedy!" .

joojiyo

Waxaa jira phraseologism iyo midab kale waxaa weeya. Ka soo qaad qof ku lug leh dhacdooyinka taas oo uu la siiyey kaalin istaahila dhaleecayn. Ama uu ku lug lahaa xaaladda axkaamta sida ka qaybgalayaasha iyo dhibanayaasha ay. Markaas, in la soo gabagabeeyo dhacdooyinkan, qofkani u Yeedhaan noqon kara: "Finita la comedy" - taas oo macnaheedu yahay: "Kaalaya, dhibic, Basta" Eraygii la soo dhaafay, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, sidoo kale, waxaa yimid inoo ka Italy - ama halkii, ay ka horreeyay, af Laatiin. erayga Basta macnaheedu yahay "ku filan waa ku filan".

Marka weedha ah ayaa waxaa asal ahan

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in hadalkii caanka ah "Finita la comedy!" Timid galay isticmaalka ka dib markii ay soo muuqatay opera "Pagliacci" (author - Ruggero Leoncavallo). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, chronologically, ra'yigaa aan la taageeray by: xaqiiqda ah in akhristaha Ruush arkay ereyadan ka sheekaysay Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova "Hero of Our Time". Sarbeeb ka dhawaajisay ka bushimaha Pechorin, ka dib markii uu toogtay oo dilay saaxiibkiis ee xafiiltanka ah Grushnitsky. sheeko la qoray aan ka dambayn 1840, iyo Ciyaar ka mid ah "Pagliacci" opera qaaday ku dhawaad nus qarni ah ka dib, in 1892.

"Pagliacci"

opera The unconventionally bilaabmaa, inta lagu guda jiro gogol muusikada ka hor xitaa la xiray goobaha ku saabsan sida saxda marxaladda si lama filaan ah u muuqda oo ka digtay dhagaystayaasha in opera la waxyoonay by nolosha laf ahaanteed, iyo theme - dareenka dhabta ah iyo kacsi xaaraan. Markaas daah furo iyo soo bandhigidda bilaabmin. goob wuxuu ku salaysan yahay xaqiiqda ah in isku maran jacayl, xaasidnimo iyo dhimasho nolosha dhabta ah iyo jilayaal tiyaatar play Baadi Hobollada Qaranka. Sida saxda Tonio waa jacayl la comedienne Nedda, xaaskiisa of actor iyo ciidanka Hobollada Qaranka ee Canio. Waxay ku gacansaydhay durugsan ee sida saxda ah, siinta doorashada si ridayeen dhallinyarada Silvio. Jug by Tonio ninka wargelinaysaa naag qaldan, oo isagu waa laamo ka careysan in khayaanada mindi. Laakiin waqtiga dhiibista, iyo waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u tagaan on stage. "Waa markii si ay u bilaabaan, waqti ay ku dhigay on joog!" - mid ka mid ah Arias ugu caansan adduunka opera ah.

dhar Columbine The Nedda dhex sheekada ciyaaray baxay majaajilada beeraleyda galin naftaada lover Harlequin ah, faqayaan erayo la mid ah in Canio ayaa dhawaan ku maqlay ee ku van ah, halkaas oo Nedda la Silvio heshiiyeen qoray. Canio ee doorka Pagliacci, waalan ku hamiday iyo masayrka, wuxuu bilaabaa inuu Columbine-Nedd leh looga baahan yahay in la furo magaca iyada lover, ayay isku dayo inuu u qosli off iyo ciyaaro comedy sii qarinta baaxadda ay naxdin. Laakiin Canio ma aha lanooga, iyo nolosha. Isagu ma uu naagtiisa ka stage ee taam u tahay cadhada iyo ha iyada oo toorreey mindi. Dhimanayaan, Nedda oo ku baaqay in mid ka mid ah u jeclaaday, wuxuu hoos uga soo kuraasta daawade ka booday, sida saxda oo dilo. Marka gariirin Canio dhaco gacmaha mindi, sida saxda ah in ay dhagaystayaasha u soo jeestay ereyada: "comedy waa in ka badan."

Waxaan doonayay in la yidhaahdo Pechorin?

dabiiciga ah ee qof magiciisu ku jira inay marjic u tahay dabeecad kale oo uu ka qabno, iyo sidoo kale geesi aan caadi ahayn - Onegin ( "Eugene Onegin" sheeko by A. S. Pushkina), lagu gartaa shaqsiyaddeenna iyo fursad wayn ruuxiga ah. Sharp maanka, dunida oo hodan ah iyo barxadda gudaha iyo falalkooda wanaagsan soo jireenka ah ee Pechorin laakiin kama ay helin jawaabta iyo codsiga, laakiin sababtoo ah "dhanaan", ku sumoobay naf qadhaadh ee ninkan. toogashada Grushnitsky, image loo abuuray sida tiro xaqiiqda biyo kama dhibcaan ah Pechorin, ninkii waa tartan ee uu noloshiisa. Waxaa xusid mudan in qof wuxuu leeyahay replica ma aha ee Faransiis, sida ay tahay caadada dhexdooda abtirsan jiray wakhtigaas ahaa. Tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in ay hadalkiisa ugu Pechorin dareenkiisa daacad ah - ee sarbeebta iyo xanuun. Waana mid ka, weedha ah "comedy compactly la" in codadka Faransiis: compacte la comédie.

geesiga Location Lermontov ee erayadan qaaday

Cilmi-waxay aaminsan yihiin in Pechorin parodied erayadii gooyo Roman Augustus, taas oo uu sheegay in uu sakaraadaya, haddii ay ka heli in ay si fiican u ciyaaray waa comedy nolosha? Taliye qaaday xigasho laga soo comedy Talyaani ah oo waji (commedia Dell Carte).

Commedia dell'arte - masraxa qoom muujinaya qaab in goobaha ay dadku ku badan magaalada ka. Cayimayo waxay ahayd joogitaanka ka waji isku mid ah, gelinaya oo jilayaasha isu dabeecad joogto ah - Harlequin Pantalone, Columbine, Tartaglia, iwm Muuqaal kale oo muhiim ah oo ah te'atradii ku Carte del ahaa improvisation :. Aragga ciyaaray on jaantuska la siiyo shuruud goob oo fanaaniinta sameeyaa Xoola ah ee la joogo.

Lermontov qoray in, sida ay legend, weyn qoraa Faransiis ah Renaissance ee Fransua Rable sheegay intuusan dhiman ayuu ku dhowaad hadalkii oo kale in Augustus, doonaya in ay xoogga saaraan in dhammaan nolosha ahaa masraxa, "majaajilada la hoos u dhigay daaha." Pechorin sida waxbarasho oo si fiican u akhri, dabcan, waxay noqon kartaa war oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka taariikhiga ah.

formula ee ku sifayn ah

Sharaxaad kale sababta geesi shuqulladiisa Lermontov ayaa la odhan karaa weedha ah "comedy Finita la!", ma male ah suugaanta in sheeko ku salaysan tahay nooca tallaabo riwaayado. Tani waxay si gaar sheeko run ah "Princess Mary," taas oo ka dhawaajisay iyo erayadii. Halkan Pechorin, ku qoray xusuus-qorka galku ugu qarsoon iyo khiyaano iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa ruuxi ah, falalka abuuraha iyo jilaa uu qaab ciyaareed u gaar ah. Sidaas darteed, erayada "Finita la comedy!" - waa leitmotif ah in ay go'aamiso story macnaha iyo sheeko dheer.

epitaph

Ugu kulan la Pechorin biyaha ku Grushnitski muujiyay isaga ugu credo Faransiis on - ma si ay u quudhsadaan dadka, ayuu neceb yahay iyaga, haddii kale nolosha noqon lahaa qoslo karaahiyo. Qoslo - majaajilada ah areal Dr Makumbe, qallafsan oo aan adag by dareen weyn. Sidaas Grushnitski sheegay inuu doonayo inuu dhaafo Dedejisanaysaan dadka iyo cabsi ba'an ee la quudhsado. Pechorin aqoonsado inuu naf ahaaneed iyo marin. Iyo in uu ahaa ninkii ma geli model ah ee xiriirka la leh dunida, ayaa sameeyay at Grushnitsky, oo intuu isdhex taagay jidkiisa. Maxaa yeelay, isagu sidoo kale qayliyeen, taagan on cidhifka gabiga ah, oo labadoodaba waxaa ka in meel dhulka, oo hadda uu sheegay in isaga qudhiisuba wuu quudhsadaa oo neceb Pechorin. Toogteen Pechorin joojiyo in lagu qoslo this, ciyaar ku fashilmay geesi nolosha, ka iskibrin degay in ay ogaadaan ay insignificance: "Finita la comedy" shaki, bayaankan aan, oo wuxuu ku dalbatay naftiisa u. Laakiin ma waxaan dhihi karaa in nooca of play ah, kaas oo la ciyaaray ka baxay nolosha Pechorin - waa wax lagu qoslo. Sidaa darteed, waxa macno in la yidhaahdo weedha ah oo qoto dheer in qiimaha epitaphs "on qabriga" jidka qalloocan oo been ah inay noqoto mid dhan u dhaco.

Si aad u dhadhamiyaan erayga Talyaani

Buuxin weedha ah "Finita la comedy!", Qiimaha taas oo ku haboon qaabka guud ee dareenka kor ku tilmaamay, karaa shuqullo badan oo suugaanta. Her dhakhtarka ayaa sheegay in ASTROFF maalinta departure of Professor Serebryakov iyo xaaskiisa, yaab ku nuuxnuuxsaday qaabdarro ee hiwaayadaha xaaskiisa professorial Elena Andreevna (play A. ku P. Chehova ee "Adeer Vanya"). Toban sano ka hor Chekhov ereyadan loo adeegsaday play ah "agoonta".

hadal Tani waxay u taagan tahay in Baare horyaalka Irina Melnikova on siidaynta oo ka mid ah dambiyada laga cabsado oo dahsoon. Waxay arrintu u muuqataa in epilogue ee sheeko ku Albert Likhanova "jajabay Doll" sida qaylo doonaya xaalufka iyo burburka naftiinna aadanaha. Konstantin Paustovsky isticmaalaa sarbeeb this ee sheeko documentary ah "The Book of Life. sanadaha hore. " Writer Mamin-Siberian jeclaaday hadal this, haddaynan ku helin in uu novel "Bread", "tilmaamaha nolosha Pepke", "Malaayiin Privalov ee". Waxaa iyadu ka shaqeeyaa Pisemsky, Leskov, Ogarev, Bulgakov.

Gaar ahaan maadaama sarbeeb yimid ay u dhadhamiyaan saxaafadda. Waxa loo adeegsaday by qorayaasha ee la soo dhaafay (F. Bulgarin, Shestov iyo kuwa kale.), Iyadoo raalli ku qurxin articles iyo Headlines saxafiyiinta casriga ah.