Burcad ugu caansan taariikhda

The ifafaale ah burcad-badeednimada ayaa soo bandhigay taariikhda aadanaha magacyo badan oo ka mid ah adventurers halyeeyga. dhaca badda ugu sarreysa ka dhacay qarnigii XVII ah, marka Ocean World ahaa goobta of halgan u dhexeeya Spain, Britain iyo qaar ka mid dardar kale faa'iido by noqonayeen gumeystayaashii reer Yurub. Inta badan, burcad badeeda ay ku nool sida boobka dambi madax banaan, laakiin qaar ka mid ah waxay isu laga helaa adeegga dadweynaha iyo ujeedo waxyeello by maraakiib shisheeye.

Frensis Dreyk

Waxa uu ku dhashay 1540 Frensis Dreyk ku dhashay qoys beerta caadiga ah, oo aysan jirin wax calaamado ah in uu noqon lahaa burcad weyn iyo Navigator. markeeda A fiiqan in uu naftiisa ka dhacay 12-kii sano ee marka waalidku u dhaqaaqay Kent. Waxaa da'yarka noqday wiil qol on geynayey baayacmushtari ah. Milkiilaha markabka ahaa qaraabo fog. Dhimanayaan, wuxuu markabka siiyey dhaxalgal ah Drake. Sidaas for kadis ah cajiib ah in 18 sano, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa sirkaalkii.

Like oo dhan saffarro badmaax oo kale, Francis riyooday badaha galbeedka fog, halkaas oo ka wakhtigii ay daahfurka sii waday in ay martigeliso kooxda reer Spain. Burcad ugu caansan ee wakhtigaas, sida dahab oo American ah galleons boqornimada raran eryay. Spain run ahaantii ay gacanta ku xiray West iyo ma ay sii socotay inay u siin khayraadka si British ah. Inta u dhaxaysa doonniyaha labada dal si joogto ah isku dhaceen. In mid ka mid ah in 1567 Frensis Dreyk ayaa ku dhawaad naftiisa u lumiya. Dhammaan Ingiriisi raxan ka badbaaday maraakiibta laba kaliya. Ka dib markii dhacdo taas, Spain waxay noqotay archenemies Drake.

Francis maamulka ay patent corsair iyo xaq u leeyihiin inay saldhig cadowga dhac free helay. Qaadashada fursaddan, burcad badeedda ka qabsadeen qalcado Isbaanish iyo xarumaha in Caribbean. In 1572, uu kooxda qabtay load weyn oo lacag ah. In England tuug oo u dhoofay 30 tan oo sharaf leh bir ah.

Drake noqday caan ah ma ahan oo keliya sida Spain onkod ah, laakiin sidoo kale sida sahamisa a geesi ah. In 1577, Koroleva Elizaveta aan isaga u soo duulaan dunida u soo diray. Waxaa la badeeda oo intaasu waxay ahayd England ugu horeeyay ee obognuvshim dunida dacaladeeda. Inta lagu guda jiro safar, wuxuu ogaaday del Tierra ku Fuego - waa jasiirad, ma koonfurta qaaradda ah, sida ka hor sidaas ayaa loo arkaa in Europe. Ka dib markii uu ka soo laabtay guul Frensis Dreyk Waxaa lagu oo noqday Sir. darajo sare ma beddelo caadooyinka in Yeeyi Cunto badda. Taas lidkeeda, uu si joogta ah mar kale ku dhibtooday in dhoofkanu lahaan soo socda adventurous.

In 1588 Frensis Dreyk ahaa lug guuldaradii of Armada Isbaanish ah. guul raxan Ingiriisi jiray horseed awoodda badda British dhowr qarniyo. Ka dib guul this Drake dhowr jeer tegey on duulaan si ay u xiray West ee. In the Caribbean ayuu u dhowaaday inuu baabbi'iyo saldhig cadowga burcad badeeda ay caqabad ku tari ganacsiga British ah. Sir Drake ku dhintay 1596 inta lagu jiro safarka Panama. Isaga oo sanduuq hogaanka waxaa lagu aasay badda. Shaki la'aan, dalxiisto this iyo dalxiisto - Burcad badeeda ugu caansan qarnigii 16aad.

Henry Morgan

Henry Morgan waxa uu ku dhashay 1635 in guntiisa Welsh ee qoyska ka mid ah nin oday ah. Wiil The noqon kara kii dhaxalka lahaa aabbihiis, laakiin rabitaankiisa carruurnimada ahaa beeraha iyo badda. Sida time ayaa muujisay, jacaylka bidhaamayaan fog xaq. Burcad ugu caansan ahaayeen guusha Henry Morgan, oo noqday halyeey ku nool uu waqti u gaar ah masayr ah.

Nin Young England kiraystay on markab sii jeeday dekedda jasiiradda of Barbados. Marka Caribbean, Morgan bilaabay inuu wax dhiso mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed cajiib ah Burcad badeeda. By ku biiray burcad badeeda, wuxuu u dhaqaaqay Jamaica. Jung si dhakhso ah u noqday xubin ka mid ah weerarrada, ujeedada ugu weyn ee ay ahaayeen dhaca xididdada gacanta yimid. In muddo gaaban wiilka yiqiin oo dhammu sharciyada iyo caadooyinka nolosha badda. Horeba in uu dhallinyarada, oo wuxuu noqday milkiilaha caasimadda badan, wada tumay ka badeednimada iyo dakhliga guulaha ee lafta. Iyada oo lacag this, Henry ka iibsaday oo uu markab ugu horeysay.

Aad ugu dhaqsiyaha badan xataa burcad ugu caansan maqlay oo ku saabsan awoodiisa iyo nasiib Morgan. Ku dhawaad koox burcad sameeyay dhaggan. Si uu markab bilaabay inuu ku biiro weelashii cusub. koritaanka saamayn, laakiin ma ay keeni karaan hamiga koritaanka. In 1665, Morgan go'aansaday in la siiyo ilaa Maraakiibta boob oo bilaabay qorsheynta howlgalka si uu u qabto magaalada oo dhan. Ujeedadiisa ugu horeysay u muuqday Trujillo. Markaas tuug ku qabteen dhowr saldhig Spanish ee Cuba. Oo privateers fudud, iyo burcad badeeda ugu caansan oo aan ku faani karta guulaha sida.

The ganacsi military ugu caansan Morgan bilaabay inuu March si Panama, kaas oo ka dhacay sannadkii 1670. Waqtigaa, waxay hore u ahaa raxan ka mid ah 35 markab iyo shaqaalihii 2000 dadka asturidda tuug ah. band Tani degay Panama oo u dhaqaaqay qalcadda Spanish ee isku magaca. Inkasta oo ciidankii tiriyey 2.5 kun oo askari, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa awoodin in ay difaacaan magaalada. Qaadashada Panama, burcad baabbi'iyeen quruumihii oo dhan iska caabiyay iyo in ay awoodaan in ay gaaraan oo dhan la bililiqeystey. meel magaalada ahayd la dhigay on dabka iyo baabbi'iyey. Ka dib markii weerarka, sida magacyada reer binu burcad ugu caansan yaraaday ka dhanka ah asalka ah ee Henry Morgan ah.

Marka maadooyinka British soo laabtay Jamaica, oo taajka iska leeyihiin, masuuliyiinta si lama filaan ah isaga xiray. Waxa uu ahaa xaqiiqada ah in ka hor of London iyo Madrid ka dhigay nabad. Burcad uma dhaqmayaan oo ku hadlaya magaca dawladda, laakiin riyaaqay uu connivance oo deeqsi ah. Lahaanshaha nabadda lasoo gabagabeeyay iyadoo Spain, dowladda Ingiriiska ayaa ballan qaaday in ay xakameyso in burcad badeeda ay. Henry Morgan waxaa guriga soo diray. Gurigiisa sugayaan maxkamadda, laakiin habka ay ahayd oo keliya bandhig been abuur ah. Mas'uuliyiintu ma doonayaan in ay ciqaabi burcad badeeda si ay u siiyaan adeegyo badan ee dagaalka ka dhanka ah xeerka Spanish badda ku.

Soon Henry Morgan in Jamaica soo laabtay. Wuxuu ku xigeenka taliyaha-ee jasiiradda iyo taliyaha uu raxan iyo ciidankiisii noqday. In mustaqbalka, burcad badeed sii wadaan in ay si daacad ah u adeegtaan taajkii. Waxa uu ku dhintay 1688 oo waxaa lagu aasay si sharaf leh in ay Church of Port Royal. Jamaica dhulgariir musiibo ruxmay dhowr sano, iyo qabrigii Morgan maydhay badda.

Enn Bonni

In kasta oo dhaca badda waqtiyada oo dhan ayaa dhaqan ahaan ahayd si gaar ah arrin lab, danta aan ka yarayn waa ugu caansan dumar ah burcad badeeda. Mid iyaga ka mid ahaa Enn Bonni (dhashay 1700). Waxay ka soo jeedaa qoys Irish hodanka yimid. Markii ay ilmo yar ahaan jiray, aabbaheed ka iibsaday estate ee fog America. Sidaas Anne dhaqaaqay World Cusub.

gabadh jir ah ayaa 18 sanno ka guriga ku soo orday oo bilowday tuurnimo adventurous. Waxay la kulmeen burcad badeeda ee Jack Rackham oo go'aansaday inuu ku biiro adventures uu badda. Gabadha lahaa inuu la qabsado dharka ragga iyo ka adkaadaan xirfadaha dagaal iyo toogasho. kooxda Rackham ay qabsadeen maamulka ee 1720. Captain samayn, laakiinse Cadaabka waqtiga oo dhan Anne dib ayaa loo dhigay sababta oo ah iyada oo uurka. Her qaddar xiga weli la garanayn.

In mid ka mid ah version of Bonnie sii daayay oo ku dhintay intii uu socday weerar caadi ah on aabbeheed kale badbaadiyay saameynta badan, ka dib markii taas tuug oo hore ayaa noloshiisa oo dhan in South Carolina oo ku dhintay 1782 at da'da u bislaaday jir. Wax kasta oo ay ahayd, burcad dumar ugu caansan (tuug oo kale caan waqtiga ahaa Meri badbaadi) abuuraa xan badan lab saaxiibbadood.

Chernaya Boroda

tirada halyeeyga Blackbeard weli ah mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu garan karo karnoo burcad ah. Wadata magac this qarinaya Edvard Tich. About caruurnimadiisii ku dhowaad waxba loo yaqaan. Seaman laftiisa ku dhawaaqay in 1713, markii 33-sano jir ah ku soo biiray tuugagga ku Benjamin Hornigold. Sida dhammaan burcad badeeda dunida-caan, kooxda waxaa loo ugaadhsado ee ah kuwa xamuulka oo qaali ah soo jiidasho leh Caribbean. Bar ahaa burcad horyaal dhab ah. Wuxuu waxba ma ogayn, marka laga reebo weeraro joogto ah iyo dhac. Uu markabka "Queen Anne ayaa aargoodigu" argagaxay sida ragga baxriyiinta ah, iyo dad rayid ah oo dhulka ku dhacaya.

In 1717, in dadaalka oo ahaa taliyihii Bahamas mahad maamulka ay bilaabeen halganka daarna isaga ka dhanka ah burcad badeeda. The xaaladaha cusub oo aan caadi ahayn, tuugo badan (oo ay ku jiraan mid ka mid ah reer Benyaamiin Hornigold) go'aansadeen in ay hubka iska dhigaan oo u hesho cafis boqornimo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Thich diiday inay wax ka bedesho qaab nololeedkaaga. Tan iyo markaas, waxa uu noqday cadowga №1 ee ciidamada iyo maraakiibta British.

Burcad badeed caan badan oo, kuwaas oo diiday in lagu daro si cusub, biiray Blackbeard. quudhin ugu caansan ayaa noqday Go'doominta sirkaal u ahaa Charleston ee South Carolina. Gaari qabsadeen muwaadiniin badan sare oo ka tirsan, oo beddelkeeda ay ugu soo laabtaan helay madax furasho weyn.

Waa khiyaano ciidankii "Queen Anne ayaa aargoodigu" ma ciqaabin. Maamulka yaboohay madaxa badeeda 100 pounds, taas oo markaas ahaa maal ah. On Blackbeard bilowday ugaarsi dhab ah. Aad ugu dhaqsiyaha badan, November 22, 1718 Edvard Tich lagu dilay hoydo dagaalka ka dhanka ah koox ee Lieutenant Robert Maynard. Inta badan kooxaha burcad badeeda ugu caansan iyo Markabka ay kacsan oo badda nolol aad u gaaban laakiin il qabad leh. Sidaas daraaddeed waxay dhaxal u Blackbeard ahaa.

Bartolomayos Roberts

Ka Nasahanyahay, kaas oo ay isticmaalaan kooxaha burcad badeeda ugu caansan taariikhda, waxya ku wareegsan badan oo xan ah iyo sheekooyin. Bartolomayos Roberts ma ahayn marka laga reebo ah si xeerkan. Waxaa la tixgalinayo la qoray ah Code burcad ah - go'an ee xeerarka, sida laga soo xigtay oo qarniyada badan ee kooxaha burcad badeeda ku noolaa.

Roberts waxa uu ku dhashay 1682 in magaalada yar Welsh ee Haverfordwest. fiicfiican oo uu bilaabay inuu markabka slaver, halkaas oo Bartolomayos ahaa captain ku xigeenka. Waayo, burcad badeeda, wuxuu helay 37 sano, markii isaga loo soo kiraystay markabka "Princess ee London." bil iyo badh gudahood tuug laylis loo doortay kabtanka markabka uu u gaar ah.

shirkadaha madax banaan dheeraad ah Roberts sameeyey isaga caanka ah ee dal iyo badaha badan. Waqtigaas waxa la filayay in uu - Burcad badeeda ugu caambaxay dunida. kooxda Bartolomayos dhaqmeen ma aha oo kaliya in Caribbean, laakiin sidoo kale in biyaha xeebaha Galbeedka Afrika, Brazil iyo xataa Kanada. Burcad ayaa dhacay oo dhan in ay noqon kartaa faa'iido inay iska iibiso, maxkamadda la Biraha sharaf leh, ee galleons dhogorta waqooyiga, shaqaalaha saran oo leh alaab yar oo American. Its flagship Roberts sameeyey Brig a afduubtay Faransiis, kuwaas oo uu ugu yeeray "burcad Royal."

Bartolomayos lagu dilay 1722 inta lagu jiro safarka joogtada ah in Africa, halkaas oo uu loogu tala galay in la sameeyo ka ganacsiga addoonta faa'iido. qabatinka burcad Halyeeyga dumay isaga saaxiibbadiis ah in aad cabto. Marka markabka British ah si lama filaan ah ay weerar ku doon ee Roberts, kooxda dhan dhintay cabbay. Burcad ugu caansan ka mid ah Caribbean iyo Admiral ee Navy Royal yaabeen dhacay: wax kasta oo u muuqday in Bartolomayos looga adkaan. Roberts istaagay kulankii asalka ah saaxiibo uu, ay guusha ma aha oo kaliya u gaar ah, laakiin sidoo kale caado ah in ay si fiican u labistaan, iyo Xaq diidnimo khamaarka iyo luqada qalad. Shaki kuma jiro in uu mid ka mid ah burcad badeeda ugu Xadgudbayaasha uu mar ahaa.

Genri Everi

Intii uu nolosha gaaban Genri Everi maamulo si ay u bartaan badan oo naanays. saffarro Qaar ka mid ah u yeedhay Ben weeryahanku, kale - Arhipiratom. Lyubov Everi badda waxaa loo dejiyay by xididdada. Henry ayaa aabbihiis u adeegay sidii sirkaal ee Navy British ah. In 1659 sarkaal qoyska wuxuu lahaa wiil, kuwaas oo ahaa ku Qaddarray si ay u noqdaan mid ka mid ah burcad badeeda ugu midabo iyo halyeeyga ah uu waqti.

First, dambiyada mustaqbalka dhoofay on doonniyaha baayacmushtariga, ka dibna iyaga bedelay on tuug ah. In 1694, 25-sano jir ah Emery ayaa la soo kiraystay on isculaysin. Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee ay doonnida ka sii burcad classic ahaa in dhacdaan oo weeraray baayacmushtariyadii shisheeye ay oggolaansho ka dawladda. Mararka qaar heshiisyo ayaa lagu xadgudbay markii doonnidii la joojiyay bixinta mushaharka, markabka mutinied. Mariners go'aansaday in ay noqdaan burcad badeed, halkii sirkaalkii jir doortay mid cusub. Waxay helay Genri Emeri.

Hogaamiyaha cusub ee tuugagga ku tagay Caribbean iyo u tageen inay Badweynta Hindiya, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa sida jir. Site of stop ugu horeysay muddo dheer ahaa Madagascar ah. Markaas kooxda Emery ayaa weeraray Markabka ay leeyihiin Mughal Hindiya Empire. Tuugo u suurtagashay in ay qabsadaan tiro badan oo ka mid ah alaabta bariga dhif iyo cayn kasta oo dahabka. On sida ganacsi faa'ido ku riyoon jiray oo dhan burcad badeeda ee America. Ka dib markii duulaan in Avery ahayd hortiisa. Waxaa lagu xamanayaa in uu u dhaqaaqay England iyo isku dayeen in ay bilaabaan ganacsi daacad ah iyo ugu danbeyn si buuxda u baabba'nay.

Thomas Tew

Jidka kuwii daba socday intii uu duulaan caanka Genri Emeri, loo yaqaan "Pirate Round." First wadada this (Atlantic - South Africa - Madagascar - India) wuxuu ahaa Thomas Tew. Sida uu ku bilaabay Emery privateer iyo burcad dhameystirtay. In 1693 wuxuu dhacay maraakiibta dhowr ah Badda Cas. Ka hor inta uu weerar, tuugo Yurub marnaba ugaadhsado ee ku yaala goobahan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ku xiran yahay guusha Tew this - qofna la filayaa muuqaalka kore ee marwooyin Caribbean ee maal.

Intii uu safarka labaad ee Madagascar, Thomas qalad ah la kulmay Genri Emeri. Maaddaama ay wararka xanta ah oo fidsan oo ku saabsan lacag fudud ee wadamada bariga burcad badeeda ugu caansan ayaa hadda doonaya in ay ku daydaan guusha Tew. In burcad badeedda this xasuusta kabtanka hadhay sidii discoverer ah "Circle". More in ay sameeyaan, ma uusan haysan waqti. In 1695, Thomas Tew ayaa lagu dilay intii uu socday weerarkii on Cutubyo ka Mogul.

Thomas Cavendish

Liiska, taas oo ka mid ah burcad badeeda ugu caansan ee taariikhda, ma aan samayn karo aan xusuusannaa ah Thomas Cavendish (1560-1592). Waxa uu ahaa a casriga ah ee Francis Drake. Qoraayaashii labada burcad badeeda ka hawlgala danaha taaj Ingiriisi ah, wax badan ayaa ka caadiga ah. Cavendish ka dib markii Drake go'aansaday in ay u safraan oo caalamka ah. duulaan The, lagu sameeyey 1586-1588 GG., ma ahaa oo dhan si nabad ah. Albaaka America, burcad badeed Soomaali dhacay badan oo cufan in la maxkamadaha Spanish dahab qarqinaya. In dareenka, safar of Cavendish Thomas ahaa ku dhiirato. Spain ayaa u maleeyay in Badweynta Pacific in ay "u gudubno gudaha" oo noqday cadhooday markii tuugo shisheeye daalaeday waxa ka mid ah biyaha weli si dhab ah oo aan la garaneyn.

Weerarka kooxda ugu faa'iido Cavendish sameeyey xeebaha dalka Mexico. Maadooyinka of Elizabeth waxaan weeraray Galleon ah, kaas oo ay saarnaayeen sahayda sano ah ee dahab ah Peruvian (120,000 pesos). Kale oo burcad badeeda u ganay qaali bilaabay la dhigto ee Java. jasiiradda Tani waxay caan ku tahay basbaas iyo toon ah. Uunsi waqtiga lagu qiimeeyay on miisaanka birta qaaliga ah. Cavendish suurtagashay in ay hesho load weyn ee upsell ah. Burcad u noqday inuu Taribo hooyo ee 1588. Socda adduunka oo 2 sano iyo 50 maalmood, waxay ku dhigay rikoor xawaaraha, kaas oo lagu qabtay laba qarniyo dhan.

Cavendish si deg deg ah ku qaatay dhigi nasiib ah. A dhowr sano ka dib markii uu guul la yaab leh uu ururiyey duulaan labaad, oo damacsanaa inay si sax ah ku celi uu koodii ugu danbeysay. Laakiin markan burcad belaayo la fashilaad. In 1592 wuxuu ku dhintay biyihii Badweynta Atlaantik. Ajnabiga markab Cavendish ku degtay meel u dhow loosoo Island.

Fransua keligaa

In kasta oo ay burcad badeeda ugu caansan iyo Markabka ay, sida caadiga ah, ee la xiriira England, waxay ahaayeen Oofirna iyo dalalka kale. Tusaale ahaan, calaamad weyn ee taariikhda ka tagay France Fransua keligaa (1630-1671). In uu dhalinyarada, wuxuu noqday caanka ah ee dekedda weyn ee burcad badeeda Caribbean Tortuga. In 1662, a tuug dhallinyarada corsair helay patent ah, oo waxay bilaabeen in ay soo ugaarsadaan Maraakiibta Isbaanish. Marka doonnidii la burbureen Ohlone. Burcad kor u maydhay xeebta dalka Mexico, halkaas oo isaga iyo kooxda la weeraray by Spain gurmad u yimid. All Faransiis ah ayaa ku dhintay, oo keligiis iska noqon wakhtiga dhintay Ohlone ka badbaaday.

The ganacsi ugu hami Francois ahayd qabtay magaalada reer Spain ee Maracaibo ee Venezuela maanta. Weeraray daredevils kolonyo haboon oo dhan shan maraakiibta. On jidka, burcad dhaceen markabka Isbaanish iyo helay qabtay oo xamuul ah oo qiimo leh kaas oo iyo kookaha. Marka si barriga, Ohlone keentay weerar on qalcadaha, ciidankii reer taasoo noqonaysa in 800 oo qof. Burcad qabsaday qalcaddii oo helay soo qaban 80,000 piastres lacag ah. Maracaibo dayrta kabtanka sharaf ayaa waxaa lagu naanayso "karbaashidda reer Spain."

Ololaha ayaa ugu danbeysay ee tuug caanka Faransiis bilaabay inuu duulaan ku Nicaragua. Ka dib markii saddex bilood raadinaya burcad faa'iido qabtay markabka, oo ay ku raran warqad raqiis ah. Sababo la failure ee kooxda dib ugu soo Tortuga tegey. Ohlone sii waday in ay weeraraan, laakiin nasiib daro kabtanka u dhow Cartagena, oo uu markabka ku dhufatay orday. Si loo gaaro xeebta ah askartii Faransiis ah 40 qof ayaa lagu weeraray by dad ka mid ah Hindida. Local cunay by cannibals oo uu u cunay Ohlone iyo kooxdiisa.

Amaro Pargo

Amaro Pargo - mid ka mid ah burcad badeeda Isbaanish ugu caansan. Wuxuu ku dhashay 1678 in Islands Canary iyo dhalinyarada noqday kasban mid gaadiidka oo Hanatay ka Africa in America. shaqaalayaal beertiisa u Free on xoqayaa in lagu qiimeeyo mid aad u heer sare ah, sidaas darteed Pargo si deg deg ah u noqday hodan. Waxa uu ahaa cadowga dhaar ah ee gadhka madow iyo guud ahaan dhan burcad badeed Soomaali.

Ka hor geeridiisii ee 1747 Pargo sameeyey doonistiisa ah taas oo uu ku tilmaamay in xabadka la aasay khasnadaha heer sare ah, lacag, iyo dahab, luul, dahabka, iyo dhagaxyo qaali ah, iyo dhar qaali ah. Waayo, tobanaan, khasnaddan isku dayeen in ay ka heli adventurers badan, oo ay ku jiraan burcad badeeda ugu caansan. In taariikhda dhaxal Pargo wali waa tiro badan oo dhibco caddaan. In kasta oo ay search dheer maal-badeed ah oo Isbaanish ah sidaas darteed qofna ma ka helay.