Bond Madbacada qaranka

Aasaasidda bond kiimiko ah ku jira geedi socod ee u qaybin cufnaanta electron, asal ahaan iska leeyihiin atamka kala duwan. Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in electrons waxaa dibadda la xidhiidha xudunta u yar waara, oo ay qabtaan xilka aasaasiga ah ee formation of xarunta. Tirada xiriir, taas oo la aasaasay by la eb ee xarunta, loo yaqaan valence. Iyadoo la raacayo, ka qayb formation of electrons sabab gudbiyo electrons valence. In la eego tamarta atamka waxaa jira xasilooni kala duwan. The ugu nabdoon waa kan heer dibadda waxaa jira laba ama sideed electrons (inta ugu badan). heerkan la tixgelin doono complete. heerarka dhammeeyayna noocan oo kale ah caan ku atamka ku jira gaasas sharaf leh. In xiriir this, in xaaladaha caadiga ah, ay ku jira xaalad ah gaaska monoatomic yihiin, kiimikaad inert.

Waayo, xubno kale oo qaaradda caan heerarka diiqid. Marka reaction kiimikada ah ay dhacdo heerka si dhamaystirka dibadda. Tan waxa u sabab electrons recoil ama lifaaqa, iyo sidoo kale ay la xirrira uumi caadiga ah. Sidaas darteed, la aasaasay covalent oo lagala kulmo Madbacada qaranka. Guryaha atamka diidanyihiin muujiyey in ay baaris si ay u bartaan xasiloonida electronic qiimaha dibadda. Waxa ay noqon doontaa mid ah laba-electron, ama vosmielektronnoy. sharciga waxaa loo arkaa aasaaskii aragtida ah curaarta kiimikada.

Formation of xarunta dhacdaa, oo ay la socdaan doorashada ee qadar ku filan weyn ee tamarta. In si kale loo dhigo, formation xidhiidh la sameeyaa exothermically. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in ay jiraan qayb ka cusub (molecules) in si caadi ah u hantidaan xasiloonida wayn.

Electronegativity waa calaamad muujinaysa weyn in dabiiciga ah ee ku baxaya isgaarsiinta. dabeecad Tan waxaa lagu muujiyey in awood u leh inay soo jiitaan electrons of atamka ee atamka kale.

jiidashada The electrostatic dhexeeya udhigo - waa Madbacada qaranka bond kiimikada. Noocan oo kale ah is dhexgalka ah waa suurto gal u dhexeeya atamka la electronegativity kala duwan maratay. bond Madbacada qaranka foomamka xeryahooda Madbacada qaranka baahisey. Waxay ka kooban yihiin taagoo shakhsiga kaliya ee gobolka uumiga. bond Madbacada qaranka ee xeryahooda ee crystalline (adag) ee gobolka ka kooban yahay ficil udhigo (togan iyo kuwa taban) si joogto ah u diyaarin. Xaaladdan oo kale, u taagoo waxaa ka maqan.

The xeryahooda oo waxaa lagu gartaa debaajiga Madbacada qaranka, la aasaasay xubno ka mid ah kooxaha ugu waaweyn ee 1,2,6,7 kooxaha. xeryahooda noocan oo kale ah ay yihiin kuwo yar. Waxaa ka mid ah, tusaale ahaan, waa in ka mid ah cusbada imanba (NH4Cl), saltlike walxaha organic (amines iyo cusbada kale).

covalent Nonpolar oo bond Madbacada qaranka waa labada dhinacada of qaybinta cufnaanta electron ah. Waayo, sifo ugu horeeyay ee u dhexeeya qaybinta isku uniform of Qurub (atamka) lagala kulmo laba daruur electron ah. Macnaha isku, daruurtii electron Madbacada qaranka iska leh ahaanba in mid ka mid ah atamka ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta badan oo ka mid ah xeryahooda ficil waa heer dhexe. In si kale loo dhigo, waxay u sameeyaan bond covalent kala horjeeda.

falcelinta dhaca sabab u ah formation of lammaane electron la wadaago, waa covalent. Covalent bond muuqday sabab u ah is dhexgalka ee atamka la electronegativity kala duwan, waxaa la tixgeliyaa kala horjeeda. cufnaanta electron labada electron lagala kulmo la wareejiyay in la eb ka, taas oo ka badan eletkrootritsatelnost. Sida tusaale oo u taagoo sida H2S, NH3, H2O, iyo kuwa kale. In xeryahooda kuwan, muuqaalka kore ee isgaarsiinta covalent (horjeeda iyo nonpolar) waxaa sabab u ah electrons unpaired xidhxidhaan atamka.