Bolshoi Drama Tiyaatarka. BDT: waajihid, taariikhda

Caan Tiyaatarka ee St. Petersburg, oo ahaa mid ka mid ah marka hore la aasaasay ka dib markii Kacaanka Oktoobar. Muddo sanado ah, waxaa jiray ama waa agaasimayaasha caan ah iyo hay'adaha. BDT waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah tiyaatarada ugu quruxda badan dunida.

History of Tiyaatarka Dhalashada

Bolshoi Drama Tiyaatarka. BDT furay February 15, 1919. Sabab la'aanta ah ee ay Hobollada dhismaha gaar ah siiyey qaab in Conservatory ah. Qolka ma loo kululayn jiray oo ahaa mid aad u qabow, laakiin habeen walba hoolalka ay wada buuxsameen.

Fikradda in uu abaabulo masraxa oo uu leeyahay nin Maxim Gorky. Waxa uu taageeray inuu M. Andreeva - Taliyaha tiyaatarada iyo circuses. Sidoo kale waxaa loola jeedaa aasaasayaasha artist ee Alexander Benois.

Golaha Arts, kaas oo madax u Maxim Gorky, ay go'aansadeen in ay ku yeedhi xagga post ee agaasimayaasha Lavrent'ev iyo Nikolai Arbatov. Actor Monakhov loo magacaabay zavtruppoy oo ku hawlan xulashada fanaaniinta. Agaasimaha muusikada oo ah te'atradii ku noqday A. Gauk iyo J.Shaporin. Hobollada Qaranka ayaa laga soo ururiyey fanaaniinta aad u fiican, kuwaasoo ah kuwa jilayaasha keenta tiyaataro kale, oo iyaga ku dhex jirayna Yuri Yuriev - xiddig movie yar.

BDT helay ay dhismaha u gaar ah sannadkii 1920 iyo ilaa maantadan la joogo aanu is badalin mowqifkeeda.

Ka hor inta aan BDT

Tan iyo guga 1919, guddoomiyaha golaha farshaxanka masraxa ahaa A. Block. Bolshoi Drama Tiyaatarka. BDT ee sannadaha hore ee muujinaya qaab u dhigma ujeedooyinka ka mid ah aasaasayaasha ay, kuwaas oo doonayay inuu arko sida barnaamij kacaan - waajihid ahaa geesinimada iyo dabeecadda bulshada. On stage ahaayeen qaab shuqullada by Friedrich Schiller, Victor Hugo, Shakespeare, maxaa yeelay, riwaayadaha ee Soviet ayaa weli helin dhinaca horumarinta. Siyaabo badan, wejiga ah te'atradii ku goostay fanaaniinta ay. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ahaa caanka Boris Kustodiev. Sida ay sheegatay atariishada N. Lejeune, ciyaaraa tiyaatarka waqtiga, goobta lama isticmaali jeesada, wax run ahaayeen, alaabta deyn buu igu ahaa ka guryahooda hodanka ah. Xitaa dharka ay ahaayeen dhab ah. ciyaaro "Shirqool ah Empress ah" gudbisay ee 1925. Doorka ciyaaray Vyrubova N. Lejeune iyo waxqabadka ayay soo xirtay dharka ah oo run ahaantii iska lahaa iyada qof in jirey in xaqiiqada. muhiimadda ugu weyn waxaa ku lifaaqan music, masraxa iska kaashaday B. Aasaaf, J.Shaporin, I. Vyshnegradsky.

Laga soo bilaabo 1921 in 1923 waxaa dhacay isbadalo weyn ee tiyaatarka. Kuwa istaagay ay il: M. Gorky iyo Andreeva - tagay Russia. A. Block dhintay. Qaar ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu soo laabtay masraxa, halkaas oo uu u adeegi jiray ilaa martiqaad ee BDT ah. Agaasimaha Chief Lavrentiev tagay post ee 1921, laakiin laba sano ka dib ku soo laabtay waxana uu xilkaa hayay ilaa 1929. Waxaan ka tagay artist ah te'atradii ku Alexander Benois. In ay meesha yimaadaan dad kale oo la keenay wax cusub, balaariyay waajihid ee plays ee curiya gudaha iyo dibadda ee Zaman.

Laga soo bilaabo 1929 in 1935 uu ahaa agaasimaha guud ee K. Tver - Ardaygu ah Meyerhold. Tan iyo markaas, tirada soosaarid cusub oo shuqullada classical hoos. Oo laba xabbadood cusub classical geliyey muddo dhan by K. Tver. Xulasho la siiyey shuqullada qorayaasha casriga ah: Olesha, N. Pogodin, A. Faiko, L. Slavin.

In 1932 tiyaatarka ayaa loo magacaabay ka dib markii mid ka mid ah Aasaasayaasha ay, waxay bilaabeen in loogu yeedho "Gorky". Markaas waajihid waxaa ka mid ah qaar ka mid ah shuqulladii wax qora ee.

Tiyaatarka ee 1935-1955 sano

Waxaa jiray waqti marka Drama Bolshoi Tiyaatarka ah. BDT soo maray dhibaatooyin abuur leh. Xilligan waxa socday muddo 20 sano ah - laga bilaabo 1935 in 1955. Markan la odhan karaa waa dhibaatooyin ah jihada, maxaa yeelay, agaasimayaasha tayo soo baxay oo naftooda sheegay in qaab xiiso leh, laakiin ma uusan sii joogi dheer iyo masraxa (ma aha had iyo jeer si iskood ah) bidix. K. Tver ee 1935 ayaa laga eryey magaalada ka, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan toogtay. A. Wild shaqeeyay tiyaatarka sannadka oo dhan, de markaas waa inuu la xiray. Dhamaan Agaasimayaasha, kuwii isaga ka dib, ilaa ay hayaan celcelis ahaan 1-2 sano. Sababo la xiriira isbedelka badan ee jawiga tababarayaasha kooxda ay sii xumaatay, tayada waxyaalaha ka soo baxa ayaa hoos u dhacay, BDT ayaa laga badiyay caan, mararka qaarkood dhagaystayaasha ahaa ka yar yahay Actorada masraxa, xaaladda dhaqaale ay sii xumaatay, oo waxaa jiray khatar ah oo la xidho.

In Zaman ee BDT

In 1956 jagada agaasimaha sare BDT lagu casuumay by G. Tovstonogov, kuwaas oo la siiyo awoodaha weyn. Wuxuu adeegga bilaabay sidii uu in rasaas jilayaasha badan. Hoggaamiyaha cusub ee isku dayay in uu soo jiito daawadayaasha, sababtan awgeed, in waajihid ee comedy muuqday. Bilowga ee 1957 Drama Bolshoi Tiyaatarka. BDT dib ay caan hore, iyo qaab lagu qabtay at hoolalka buuxa. Ka dib markii 6 sano oo shaqo ah by G. Tovstonogov uu ku guuleystay warkii agaasimaha a tayo iyo guul. te'atradii ku tageen booqasho adduunka oo dhan iyo waxa uu helay taageero dibadda. Georgiy Aleksandrovich shaqeeyey agaasimaha sare BDT saddex sano.

End 20 - bilowgii qarnigii 21aad

Ka dib markii G. Tovstonogov dhintay oo la bedelay K. Lavrov, oo aan ahaa agaasimaha a, si tiyaatarka waxaa had iyo jeer raadinaya agaasimayaasha. Lavrov soo ururiyeen shaqaalaha u shaqeeya si joogta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu inta badan waxaa lagu casumay in ay iskaashi la agaasimayaasha ka tiyaataro kale. In 1992, BTC ayaa helay magaceeda la joogo. In 2004, Drama Bolshoi Tiyaatarka Tovstonogov helay agaasimaha ugu weyn, wuxuu noqday T. Chkheidze ah, kuwaas oo lagu qabtay post ilaa 2013.

maanta Tiyaatarka

In March 2013 wuxuu noqday agaasimaha farshaxanka ee BDT AG adkaada. Laga soo bilaabo 2011 ilaa 2014 dhismaha tiyaatarka on Fontanka ah ayaa la xidhay dib u soo celinta. September 26 la caleemo dayactiray Drama Bolshoi Tiyaatarka. BDT. Photo hoos - image this of hoolka BDT.

tiyaatarka waxay leedahay saddex goobood: dhisme laba Fontanka qolalka, iyo mid ka mid ah - in masraxa Kamennoostrovsky.

jilayaasha caanka ah masraxa iyo waajihid

Muddo sanado ah, stage ayaa iftiimisay jilayaasha BDT sida T. Doronin, V. Strzhelchik, P. Luspekaev, O. Basilashvili, I. Smoktunovskij, A. Freundlich, N. Usatova iyo kuwa kale oo u sharrifnay Binii iyo sii wadaan in ay ku ammaani Drama Bolshoi Tiyaatarka. BDT.

Uu waajihid waa mid aad u ballaadhan oo ka mid ah riwaayadaha classic iyo kan casriga ah.

waxaa Helitaanka

In xarunta magaalada, on qararka ah, in guriga la number 65 ku yaal Drama Bolshoi Tiyaatarka. BDT. Cinwaanka ay wareega labaad - saldhigga metro "Krestovsky Island", aagga tiyaatarka jir ah, 13.