Philippics - waxa uu yahay waxan?

Philippics - hadalka oo ololaysa, aflagaadadii uu u cambaareeyay hadal. Ereygan waxa taariikh ahaan la xidhiidha labada guddoomiye ku caan ah dunida qadiimiga ah - mosthenes ee Giriigga iyo Roomaanka Cicero ah.

macluumaad Historical: Philip II

Mid ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu waaweyn ee BC qarnigii 4-tii, Aleksandr Makedonsky waa, kuwaas oo u qoran tahay badan oo buugaag iyo filimaan badan oo laga duubay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma yar caan ahaa aabbihiis, (382-336 CH. E.) Philip II, kaas oo weliba wuxuu ahaa nin weyn oo kubadsameeyaha ah. Macedonia lahaayeen dalalka waqooyi-bari ee Jasiiradda Hellenic ah. In bari, soohdintu waxay la barbariyiintiina-Thracians, oo ku yaalla frighteningly yar oo dheeraad ah dagaal yahaniinta Faaris. sababtoo ah halka ay ku taalo juqraafi ahaan at Makedoniya iyo sameeyay lahjad gaar ah oo luqadda Giriigga, meeshaas waxaa ku yiil erayo badan oo qalaad.

Macedonia waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay masaakiinta gobolka conventionally ilbaxnimada, oo waxay weerareen, oo dhan kuwaas oo keliya ma ahayn caajis. Hadduuna Jirin baarri Philip II, oo ka soo jeeda nooc ka mid ah boqorrada reer Makedoniya qudbad, dalka ayaa si fudud u kala jeexjeexi lahaa marka laga reebo. At 23, boqor noqday oo ku guuleystay sumcad sida taliye awood badan. booska uu by xaqiiqada ah in uu ku guuleysan doono dalalkan oo lagu qabtay Athens hore u xoogaystay, oo wuxuu soo ururiyey ciidan xoog badan, oo wuxuu bilaabay in ay weeraraan wadamada deriska.

Waa maxay philippic?

Saameynta mosthenes codkar reer Ateenay (384-322 CH. E.) Iyadoo hamiday iyo cadho sida bandhigi qaab King Philip reer Makedoniya, cadowga dimuqraadiyadda reer Ateenay ah, waxa uu magiciisa la odhan jiray aasaas u ah ka bedelayaan ah "protivomakedonskih" saftay "diatribes". Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen cadhooday, oo diatribes. Magacan ayaa soo jiitay iyo mid codkar caanka Roman - Cicero in uu khudbado qaaditaanka ka dhanka Mark Antony , sidoo kale, noqday kuwa loo yaqaan "philippics".

khudbado cadhooday of mosthenes

theme ee ugu horeeyay waxa uu ahaa a diatribes ololaysa wac reer Ateenay oo ay iska caabin ah. Mosthenes uu ugu baaqay reer Ateenay oo ay u diyaar u ah dagaal u noqon, isku dayaya in ay ka dhaadhicino in ay soo gaaray sababtoo ah qaladaad iyo karti boqorka Filippa Makedonskogo. Wuxuu ka soo horjeeda isticmaalka calooshood ciidanka reer Ateenay ah, oo soo jeediyay abuuritaanka ciidamada dabacsan in sii joogi doono Makedoniya iyo ka soo horjeeda Filibos ciidanka. Philippics - khudbad dareen iyo cadhooday, taas oo saameyn xoog leh ku dhegeystaha. Kharashka ugu daran boqorkii reer Makedoniya ahaa in uu ku xadgudbay shuruudaha heshiis 346 sano ah.

The soo socda (labaad) philippic - waxay ahayd jawaab u weerar xoog leh Philip iyo taageerayaashiisa ee magaalada xulafadooda reer Ateenay ah. In hadalka cadhooday saddexaad mosthenes codsatay ciidanka buuxda ee uu codkarka, uu dalbaday in talaabo dhiso dhanka ah Philip iyo rush la filayo tamar ka mid ah dadka reer Ateenay ah. Makedoniya iyo Athens hore de dhinacyada Qolyihii. Waxa ugu muhiimsan in Philip ahaa kii ugu horeeyay kaas oo nabad ku soo jabay.

philippic Saddexaad - taasi waa hadalkiisu fiican siyaasadeed ee mosthenes, kuwaas oo u qaatay sidii siyaasiga ugu saameynta badan ee Athens iyo jiray suzerain ee goobta siyaasadeed ee reer Ateenay ah, hoggaamiye dareen ah kooxaha burcad-Makedoniya, oo ku baaqay in kacdoonkii ka dhanka ah reer Ateenay Philip.

philippic afaraad ayaa sidoo kale loo aaneeyey inay u mosthenes, waxa ay ka tarjumaysaa call in ay safaarad in Athens dir Faaris, laakiin waxaa jira qaar ka mid shaki ku saabsan qoray. Modern Ozhegova Dictionary qeexayaa fikrad this sida soo socota: canaanta cadhooday. Ereyga dambe loo isticmaalo qorayaasha Ruush sida Chernyshevsky, Turgenev, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Chekhov iyo kuwa kale.