Noocyo ee baradho ah ee Belarus, hore, dhexe hore, bartamihii xilli-, srednepozdnie, horyaalka, sharaxaad, wax soo saarka

In Belarus beerista baradho bilaabay in qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XVIII ah. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta taariikhiga ah, baahida ay u sameeyeen si tartiib tartiib ah u koray, iyo bilowgii qarnigii XIX ku baradho wuxuu ahaa faafinta ubalaadhan. aagga dalagga si degdeg ah u koray. By bartamihii qarnigii XIX ee, baradho noqday habka ugu weyn ee dakhliga dadka dhulka leh Belarus. Shayga waa la dhoofiyo Russia, Germany, dalalka Baltiga. Maanta Belarus waa meel sharaf leh toddobaad ka mid ah alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ugu weyn ee baradho ah suuqa dunida.

baradho Belarus qarsoon ee guusha

Sida laga soo xigtay khubaro, horumarinta baradho ee Belarus lagu macnayn karaa by:

• ciid wanaagsan iyo xaaladda cimilada,
• joogitaanka caado dheer in wax soo saarka ee beerashada,
• heer sare ah taageerada sayniska;
• qalabka farsamada saldhigga;
• aqoon qoto dheer oo agronomists;
• meel juquraafi wanaagsan, qayb marketing guul ee alaabta.

breeders shaqada

noocyo cusub ayaa laga soo saarey sabab u ah Machadka Cilmi-Belarus ee baradhada. Iyagu waxay u imanayaan in kooxaha kala duwan ee bisil oo ay leeyihiin ujeedooyin kala duwan. Gaar ahaan u tiro badan ayaa ka noqday hore iyo Dhexdhexaad noocyo hore ee baradho taranta Belarus.

Waxay ka mid ah milkiilayaasha beeraha aad loo jecel yihiin, sida ay u oggolaadaan si aad u hesho dalagga ee waqti gaaban. Waa sahlan tahay si ay u ururiyaan xilli seddex ka mid ah dalagga baradho ah, halkii ay ka sugi nooca dabayaaqadii-bislaada ugu qalaad.

New kala duwan ee baradho ah ee Belarus si buuxda u buuxiyaan shuruudaha caadiga ah ee dunida.

noocyo baradho yihiin:

• Hore. Muddada ee koritaanka iyo waxay Dhirta gaaban. xididdada Plant horaanta April. Goostay in 2 bilood. Dhinaca kale noocan ah waa in nolosha shelf waa la soo gaabiyey.
• Dhexdhexaad hore. Waxay ka yar iyo sidoo conserved oo whimsicality. muddo Dhirta socdaa 60-80 maalmood.
• Ma dhexe. Nooca ugu caansan. Goostay in hore ee August. Duration Dhirta waa ka 80 ilaa 100 maalmood. Noocyo Kuwani waa kuwa ugu caansan, sida fiican u hayn iyo dhadhan fiican.
• Srednepozdnie. Waxay yihiin qabyo ahayn. kala duwan ku silco karaa kaydinta jiilaalka. biqilka dheeraad ah looma baahna. Duration Dhirta waa inta u dhaxaysa 100 ilaa 120 maalmood.

Belarus Institute for Research baradhada

Machadka waxaa la furay sanadkii 1956. Ilaa maantadan la joogo, noocyo baradho ee Belarus ayaa muujinaysa khubaro ay. Waayo, wakhtiga oo dhan ka ah jiritaanka of Institute helay 100 breeders of noocyo cusub. Ka hor inta aadan bilaabin beerto a noocyada cusub, lagu tijaabiyo muddo saddex sano ah. record A for saynisyahano ahayd sannaddii 1970, markii noocyo Belarus ee "Isbadalo" iyo "Loshitsa" ayaa lagu dhex beeray rubuc ka mid ah intii Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore. Last dheefayo in view of Institute ee loo yaqaan "manifesto".

Currently, shaybaarka ayaa in ka badan 100 kun oo baarka soo saarka cusub. imtixaanada Xulashada lagu qaban doonaa muddo 12 sano ah, ka dibna dooran kala duwan ee ugu wanaagsan. Sida laga soo xigtay nidaamka this, xulashada waxaa lagu fuliyaa ee Belarus tan iyo 1927.

Cimilada ayaa bedelay 20 sano ee la soo dhaafay ee Belarus. baradho Horaantii degtey bilaabay May 5. Haddaba waxaa bilowdo 2 todobaad ka hor. Sidaa darteed waxaa loo baahan yahay in la abuuro noocyo cusub oo ku habboon heerkulka sare daarmayaay'e.

Maxay yihiin noocyo cusub oo aan ka filan?

noocyo Universal ee baradho ah ee Belarus aan la abuuri doono. Qubarada ayaa diiday fikrad this. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay ku jiraan my opinion keligay ma. dalab Tani looma tixgeliyo by saynisyahano adduunka oo dhan.

fiiro gaar ah waxaa la siiyaa noocyo saynisyahano Belarus falanqeeyo. Waxaa horay loo sameeyey oo taranta baradho, taas oo ku haboon yahay soo saarka ee chips. Waxaa jira shaqo firfircoon on abuurista xidid for shiilan ah.

processing saarista baradho aan pre-kululaynta - jihada cusub. Maanta, saarayaasha wajahnay doorashada dhawraan alaabta heerkulka a of 8 C °, by anada inhibitors koritaanka ama kaydinta hoostiisa heerkulka ugu fiicnayn for xidid ° 2-4C. Xaaladdan oo kale, ka hor inta baradho ka baaraandegidda waa in hore loo kululayn jiray at heerkul ah 14-18S ° muddo laba toddobaad ah. Tani waxa ay yaraynaysaa content sonkorta. khubaro Belarus codsan dadaal kasta si ay u abuuraan fasalka sida u baahan in lagu kaydiyo heerkulka a of 2-3S ° aan kuleylka ah.

Isku dayaan in ay abuuraan baradho guul kala duwan transgenic aan la caleemo saaray

Laakiin isku dayayaa si ay u abuuraan kala duwan ee baradho ah ee Belarus, ma waxaa waajib ah in laga adkaado Colorado baradho duqsiyo badan, aan weli ku guulaysan. Sida laga soo xigtay saynisyahano, cayayaan waa inay awoodaan inay xataa la qabsado baradho ah transgenic, soo saaro walxaha sunta ah. Jaamacado badan ayaa dunida dayn inay ka shaqeeyaan jihada this, ka fiirsaneysa inay u tarayn.

Hogaamiyaha ugu weyn ee waaxda baradho taranta ee Institute of sii kordhaya Baradho sheegashadaas Belarus Vadim Mihanko waa adkaysi u jiriqsiga iyo baradho ah in aanu jirin. dhulka waxaa loo sameeyaa hab noocan oo kale ah sida si looga hortago cayayaanka ah in loo isticmaalo in lagu fasalka cusub. Ujeedada this, 80% waxaa lagu beeray baradho transgenic qaso 20% sida caadiga ah. Qubarada sameeyay tijaabo ah. Waxay hoos u baradho transgenic oo kaliya, taas oo duqsiyo baradho Colorado loo dhigay. 98% ka mid ah cayayaanka ah ayaa ku dhintay iyo 2% ka badbaaday wayna tarmeen. shubanaysaa inay ku raad ee le ah cilmibaadhe oo ka qayb horumarinta noocyada cusub ee kuwa lamid ah.

Baradhadu "uladar"

noocyada waxaa iska leh ah noocyo cusub oo hore. Waxaa jira caga cuntada a. height The oo ka mid ah afkoda of celceliska, nus-foosto. Laamo khafiif ah. Baxdey dhirta dhexdhexaad, geesaha aan haysan ilkaha. Baradhadu "uladar" siinayaa ubax guduudan.

Tubers ka baradho leedahay qaab ah gadood. diir waa huruud ah. Miraha waa siman, indhahaaga yar. saxarka sidoo kale waa huruud ah. content istaarijka waa 17%. heerka dhalidda waa 130-350 quintals halkii hektar.

Baradhadu "uladar" aan qabyo ahayn, waxay leedahay heer sare ah caabiga cudurada kala duwan. Waayo, laga beerto noocan ah hab cayn kasta oo carradu. Cultivar waxaa la rijeynaya breeders Belarus. Baradhadu yihiin si weyn loo faafin Russia. Dhadhaminta mahad sort this of 7 dhibcood.

Grade "hanti"

Baradhadu "hanti" waa natiijada shaqada ee Machadka Cilmi baarista Belarus ee breeders baradhada. Eraygii laftiisa ka dhigan tahay hantida. Laakiin afka Belarus lahaa macnaha ka duwan - Xoolo. Doorashada magaca tani ma aha shil. Marka qodaya tubers baradho waa sida Oofirna dahab. Tubers waa diir gadood iyo huruud ah.

Waxaa loola jeedaa noocyo miiska. Baradho ubax cad. Foomkan waxaa ku jira ilaa 17% noqde. Marka kulayl ma aha madow. Waa adkaysi u cudur. kala duwan waxaa si fiican u sii raagayaan. Waxay bixin karaan 650 metrik halkii hektar.

breeders badan yihiin ee ra'yi ah in ay "hanti" baradho loo isticmaali karaa sida daro ah noolaha ciidda ujeeddo ah daahirintiisa ka bakteeriyada kala duwan oo fangaska in qaadsiin dhirta.

Grade "Zhuravinka"

Baradhadu "Zhuravinka" waxaa loola jeedaa nooca baradho dhexdhexaad ah. Fasalka helay breeders Belarus. Warshad ayaa u qaadis celcelis ahaan. Ubax waa guduud isaga ka. Tuber gadood Qaab. Miraha The daboolay maqaar cas. jidhka waxay leedahay midab shiidan.

content istaarijka ee alaabta ka dhigan tahay in 19%. index wax soo saarka waa 640 quintals halkii hektar. Baradhadu "Zhuravinka" uu ka dhadhan wanaagsan. cadaadis Tani waa adkaysi u nixin fayrusyada kala duwan. Waayo, dadka deggan Belarus, oo wuxuu noqday kibista labaad ay sabab u tahay wax-soosaarkooda sare iyo mid deggan.

Baradhadu "breezes"

noocyada waxaa iska leh cuntada-fasalka dhexe. Wixii beerashada ku haboon nooc kasta oo ciidda. stem waa height dhexdhexaad ah, nus-line. The caleemaha ee baradho cagaaran oo waaweyn. on cidhifyada hirarku waa khafiif ah. Qasa leeyahay size celcelis ahaan iyo midab buluug ah.

Baradhadu "breezes" waxay leedahay ubaxyo badan oo casaan iftiinka. Tuber leedahay qaab ah gadood. Waxaa la daboolay indhaha qoto dheer celcelis ahaan. diirka waa wax yar ka da.ay, huruud ah. saxarka sidoo kale waa huruud ah. heerka noqde waa 15%. Waxay leedahay dhadhan la yaab leh. Marka aad cunto karineyso baradho ma gudcur.

Baradhadu soo bandhigaa "neecaw" caabiga cudurada sida kansarka, qolof, mahrajaan rugose, laakiin waa u nugul sida pathogene cudur sida rostochiensis Globodera.

Grade "Lileya"

Baradhadu "Lileya" waxa loola jeedaa Dhexdhexaad noocyo baradho miiska hore. Waxa uu sidoo kale loogu talagalay Machadka Cilmi-Belarus ee breeders baradhada. Warshad waxay leedahay height celcelis ahaan. dhexe oo doog ah ka baxo. Ubax cad.

The tubers ee kala duwan waxa ay kala yihiin gadood qaab. Waxay lagu daboolay maqaarku hurdi. jidhka waa la gooyay oo la midab huruud khafiif ah. heerka noqde waa 17%. Baradhadu yihiin delicious.

Kala duwan waa mid u adkaysata cudurada sida kansarka. Waxaa si fiican u waafajiyaan ee dhammaan noocyada ciidda. baradho Tani waa macdanta bacriminta ku haboon. Tani waxay fasireysaa heerka sare ee wax soo saarka. Tirada celcelis ahaan waa 400 oo kiiloogaraam halkii hektar. Marka aad cunto karineyso baradho crumbly yihiin.

Grade "Zorachka"

Baradhadu "Zorachka" waxa loola jeedaa noocyo hore miiska ku fulan. Stem celceliska warshad. sheet cagaaran yar yar. heerka dhalidda ee 254-316 quintals halkii hektar. Tuber leedahay qaab ah gadood, daboolay indhaha yar.

diir waa huruud ah. jidhka oo huruud ah midabkeedu khafiif yahay. Tani sort of si fiican u sii raagayaan. Adkaysi u cudurada sida kansarka iyo-engeeg goor dambe, mararka qaar ay saameeyeen rostochiensis Globodera.