Magaca saxda ah? Waa xiiso leh!

Waa maxay magaca saxda ah? Sidee ayey uga duwan tahay magacyada kale? Si aad ka jawaabto su'aashan, waxaan u leeyihiin in ay quusin galay taariikhda afka.

Fikradda ah "Magaca" afka Ruush muujinaysaa qayb ka mid ah hadalka, kaasoo loo isticmaalo magaca qof ama wax. Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u muujinayaan wax, ifafaale ama aadanaha ee taxanaha ah ee la midka ah. Sida caadiga ah, in our luqadda in ay isticmaalaan magac caadiga ah ama substantivized. magaca saxda ah iyo magaca caadiga ah la tilmaamay waxaa laga yaabaa in ay erayada, kuwaas oo soo gudbiyey oo ka socda qaybaha kale ee hadalka. Tusaale ahaan, in "musqusha" weedhani waa eraygii ugu horeeyay ee waa magac, iyo "aaddo suuliga" in design - substantivized magac.

Magac - waa qayb ka mid ah hadalka (cajiib ah, ee is), ujeedada taas oo ah magaca shayga, shayga qofka. Tani waxay calaamo guud wici kartaa xejisto shay ama walax. Magac kale oo ay noqon kartaa iyaga u gaar ah ama magac caadi ah. Shaxda, beerta, sanduuqa, lo'da, hooskii - magac magac caadi ah. Basil, Moscow, P. - magac midani magac u gaar ah. In ay baadhitaan ee laanta gaarka ah ee sayniska, loo yaqaan onomastics.

Sax ah oo magac - category ee aad u ballaaran.

Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

• Magacyada dadka (Irina, Nikolay Petrovich Lvov, Marivanna (suuq ah.), P.).
• Magacyada ilaahyada (Zeus, Quetzalcoatl).
• Naanays xoolaha (Beetle, Muska).
• magacyada dhuleed (Vladivostok, Badda Cas, Jacaylku).
• Horyaal ee buugaagta, heesaha, shuqullada farshaxanka, iwm ( "Hot Snow", "Anna Karenina", "Mona Lisa", "Swan aaminnimo").

Information badanaa dhamaado ilaa on this soocidda, kaasoo lagu soo saaro by ardayda ku saabsan fikradda ah "magaca saxda ah". daraasad qoto dheer kuu ogolaanaya in aad kala this category galay:

• magacyada Personal - kuwa loo siiyaa nin uu ku dhashay (Lydia, Peter) ka dib.
• Patronymic (patronymic) (V., S.).
• Magacyada qoyska ama qabiilka (ay ka mid magacyada).
• Cryptonyms. Qaar ka mid ah dadyowgii ka dhigay inay qariyaan magaca dhabta ah, iyo qofka dadka kale wac (sirtid, jinniyadiina). Tani cryptonym doonaa.
• Anthroponomy ama horyaal shuqullada suugaanta.
• Eponyms. Waa in this category codsan doonaa magac sax ah, loo xilsaaray in ay feature juquraafi ahaan ka dib markii geesi dhab ah ama ilaah-awaalka. Tusaale ahaan, Athens, Thebes Byzantine iwm

magaca ku habboon, in midani magaca (juquraafi), caadi ahaan loo yaqaan meel-magacaaga, iyo sayniska, baadhitaannada lagu magac sida - magacyada meel.

Place-magacyada sidoo kale loo qaybin karaa qaybaha. Waxaa lagama maarmaan u ah waxbarasho dheeraad ah si taxaddar leh.

Waxaa ka mid ah magacyada meesha kala duwanaayeen:

• magacyada Dejinta ama magacyada meelo. Oo magacyada magaalooyinka ku xusan astionimam iyo tuulooyinka, iyo tuulooyinka, iyo qaababka yaryar - in ay komonimam. Lions, Bataisk, Sinegorye - astionimy. Kryachko (tuulo), Red (beer), yuul (tuulo) - komonimy.
• Si ka mid ah magacyada hydronyms balliyada Volga, Badda Madow, durdur, iwm engeeg.
• Magacyada buuraha ka tirsan oronyms: Ural Mountains, Mount Everest, Carpathians ah.
• Urbanoidy (magaca magaalada ka mid ah): Pentagon (magaca caanka ah ee xarun laga dukaamaysto ee Rostov ahaa sabab u egyihiin naqshadda ururka eponymous.).
• Agoronimy (magaca meel): Red, Tiyaatarka, iyo godonimy (kuwaasoo magacyadoodii wadada): Shevchenko shuuciga.
• Magacyada Railway gudbiyo dromonimam: North Caucasus Tareenka, ee BAM, Road Silk ah.
• Magacyada meelaha Anfaco waaweyn ee loo yaqaanno horonimami yar iyo weynba - microtoponyms.

Waxaa jira kala soocidda faahfaahsan ah, iyo si kale loo dhigo in aan ugu yeedhaan "magaca saxda ah". Tusaale ahaan, magacyada diyaaradaha ( "Ruslan" "Antey", "Black Shark") loo qoondeeyey by ereyga "aeronautonimy".

kala soocidda faahfaahsan oo ah magac bartay kulliyadaha philological.