"Lorry" GAZ-AA. History, caddaymaha, muuqaalada

GAZ-AA, "baabuur", ee mashiinka halyeeyga pre-dagaal iyo SOFHURA, sameeyo Automobile Gorky ee Plant ee 1932. waa model noocooda The ku salaysan gaari American ah, "Ford AA" ee 1930, oo laga iibsaday Midowga Soofiyeeti by heshiis liisanka. Sidaas a "baabuur" GAZ-AA, taas ayaa tan iyo markii la casriyeeyey marar badan. design Car ahaa fudud oo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waqtigaas, warshadaha ee baabuurka Soviet ahaa in ay bilaw iyo liisan aan qaali ahayn wax soo saarka gaari xamuul ah uu ahaa mid aad waxtar leh.

Suurtagalnimada geedka Gorky ah marka la eego qalabka farsamada ahaayeen sare, si wax soo saarka go'aansaday in uu ordo on gaaska. Characteristically, gawaarida soo saaray sharci American, si deg deg ah u dhaqaaqay si loo hubiyo qaybaha qoyska. Waxa ay ahayd fudud si ay u horumariyaan unug dhulka ku badan in ay dibada ka dalban oo sug bilood sahay. Sidaas darteed, habka kiniisadda, "baabuur" waxa uu noqday meel ay u dadaalka injineerada Soviet mahad teknoolajiyada sare.

casriyeynta

"Lorry" GAZ-AA galay wax soo saarka ee January 1932, iyo baabuur dukaamo shirka Gorki isla markiiba muujisay heerka sare ah loo sii daayo ee gaariga. Maalintii ka conveyor 60 baabuurta iska helay, oo weli xawaaraha iman kara. version The Soviet waa ka model ah American, tiro ka mid ah koobin kala duwan. Halkii daasadda la aasaasay xajin crankcase kabka fur xoojiyeen farsamo isteerinka on filter hawada carburetor rakibay. Body mar kale loogu talagalay, on-guddiga xulashada waxaa loo sameeyey, waayo, sawirada qoyska. Later, samaynta Soviet horumariyo a qashin qubka doorasho "baabuur" u gaar ah, kaas oo la kala duwanaayeen xaqiiqada ah in jirka oo ma u leeyihiin in ay u rogto. Xamuulka Gurguurte ay miisaan u gaar ah ee si gaar ah loo xisaabiyaa hoose ah jidhka. Waxa uu ahaa ku filan si uu u furo tailgate ah.

jiifku

design ganaax danbe "baabuur" ahaa asalka ah oo aan caadi ahayn. ilo Semi-elliptic ku yaalla si gaar ah, hore ee dariiq dhexaad ka gadaal alwaaxdii saqafka haysay si ay tallaabo lever deyn bixin qaadataa qof. Iyada oo qaab-dhismeedka this, ganaax danbe noqday ka badan ayaa is haysta iyo manufacturable marka la barbardhigo ilo elliptic dhamaystiran. Laakiin design this ahaa khasaare ka mid ah - marka codkeeda blocks ilo la wareegay ugu rarataan culaysyo badan oo inta badan ku guuldareysto. Stepladders dhacdhacaan iyo caleen guga bilaabo inuu u dhaqaaqo eego dhidibka gaadhya.

qol alwaax

Gebi ahaanba ka soo qaybo ka mid ah wax soo saarka ee Soviet ah "baabuur" GAZ-AA soo ururiyey tan iyo 1933. Cabs baabuur horreeyey waxaa la sameeyey qori ah, oo tan iyo 1934 on mashiin lagu rakibay module biraha la saqafka shiraac ah a.

gaari Tech GAZ-AA waxaa la dhisay on ganaax jiifku nooca-jir, caleen-guga. Maqnaanshaha dhamaystiran oo absorbers lama filaan ah ka dhigay orodkii ka mid ah mishiinka deganayn oo adag. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, gaariga si guul leh loo sameeyaa hawlaha gaadiidka ee cargoes iyo laalid dhif. Motors "GAS-AA" ruggedness kala duwan iyo maintainability sare. Waxay ka shaqayn kartaa wax soo saarka batroolka-fasalka u hooseeya inta badan, gaas yar yahay falkaas oo la shito, iyo tan iyo xilli ciyaareedkii kulul.

ceebaha

The dhibic "baabuur" liita ahaa bilowga iyo batteriga. Noloshooda oo kali ah ay gaareen sanadkii badh, ka dibna unit ka baxay nidaamka, iyo batteriga lahaa in la dayactiro. Sida caadiga ah gaariga duudduubeen riixo.

dhibaato kale oo muhiim in howlgalka of the-GAZ AA ayaa yaraanta ba'an ee taayirada. Waxay u helay in ay heer ah in dariiq dhexaad ka gadaal ee baabuurka ayaa lagu qalabeeyey afar giraangirood oo ma aha, sida loo soo dhigay on baasaboorka, laakiin kaliya labo, sababta oo ah waxa awoodda mashiinka ku dhacay.

Oo weliba, "baabuur" waxa uu ahaa baabuur ugu weyn Soviet sanadihii prewar iyo dagaalka. GAZ-AA waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa horumarinta modified - waxay ahaayeen Ambalaasyada, taangiyada kala duwan, iftiinka iyo rakibaadda loomana baahno, dayactirka mobile "askartii duulaya", anti-gaas, nadaafadda iyo fayadhowrka avtolaboratorii, raadiyayaasha iyo digniinta hore ee radio, saldhigga ku amraya iyo Air iyo iftiiminta laga bilaabo cutub.

update

In 1938, ee "baabuur" GAZ-AA helay engine cusub awoodda GAZ-MM of 50 litir. s., taas oo ilaa markaas la saaray baabuur "Molotovets-1" hoos naqshada GAZ-M1. Waxa intaa dheer in engine "baabuur" ee la casriyeeyay waxaa qalabaysan shukaanta la hagaajiyey iyo driveshaft on saa'idka irbad. Jiifku ahaa il aan absorbers lama filaan ah.

Tan iyo markii ay "baabuur" - casriga gaariga, oo ay sii daayo wuxuu dhismay waa in wakhti yar oo gaaban, model waxa uu noqday lagama maarmaan in dhaqaalaha Soviet. Waqtigaas, gaariga waday awooda 1.5 tons gudahood waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay ilaa xad ku filan. At oo wakhtiga beergooyska garoonka ka erido boqolaal baabuur in si deg deg ah ka soo qaadeen beergooyska for processing ka dibna ku soo laabtay gaadiidka baabuurta ay. Car "baabuur" waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay gaari oo isu. Wuxuu ahaa dhib-free iyo low-dayactirka.

Car "baabuur", farsamada khaaska

mashiinada Layout: perednemotornaya, RWD.

Cabirka miisaanka iyo xuduudaheedu:

• dhererka Vehicle - 5335 mm,
• height - 1870 mm,
• width - 2030 mm,
• ansixin dhulka, ansixin - 200 mm,
• wheelbase - 3340 mm,
• Xakameeyo miisaanka - 1750 mm.

warshad koronto

Waxay leedahay sifooyinka soo socda:

• brand Engine - "GAZ-A ';
• nooca - batroolka;
• qaabeynta - afar dhululubo, in-line,
• mugga shaqeeya - 3285 cc / cm;
• awoodda ugu badan - 40 litir. p.;
• Xuddunta - 1200 rev / min at 165 nm;
• dhexroor dhululubo - 98,43 mm,
• riixo ratio - 4.22;
• Stroke - 87 mm,
• Qaboojinta nidaamka - biyo;
• madaxa dhululubo - bir ah;
• block dhululubo - bir ah;
• tirada wareegyada - 4;
• xawaaraha ugu badan - 70 km / h,

Gudbinta - buugan, gear afar-xawaaraha.

"Lorry" - mishiinka universal

ka gaari caadiga ah on-guddiga reebo GAZ soo saaray tipper beddelid GAS-C1. Mabda'a hawlgalka mashiinka oo intaasu waxay ahayd arrin aan caadi ahayn. load ee jidhka hore u taagan yahay in ay mass la isku soo riixayo oo dhanka daafaca, kaas oo qufulan by stop fudud. Preload iyo darawalka furo qufulka, iyo waxyaabaha dhismaha mass ay miisaan u gaar ah isku dhaceen baxay. Markaas jidhka madhan waxaa mar kale la xiray on qufulka.

"Road of Life"

On qaybgalka GAZ-AA ( "baabuur") dagaalka ee 1941-1945 oo qoraal badan oo buugaag. Laakiin wadada taariikhi ah ka ugu muhiimsan on taas oo usoo gaariga halyeeyga ahaa "habka nolosha", dhigay on barafka ee Lake Ladoga. Tani waxa ay ahayd wadada kaliya ee isku xirta Leningrad la go'doomiyey oo la dunida ka baxsan.

Ice mari karin iftiin kaliya GAZ-AA. Military "baabuur" la laydhkaaga madow si tartiib ah u tagaan meel fog ku hoos dab ka madaafiicda Jarmal, cunto gaarsiinta dadka magaalada hareereeyey. Gawaari badan tegey under barafka, laakiin weli meel magaalada ahayd la badbaadiyey, furitaanka of "baabuur" halyeeyga mahad aan ugu yaraan.

Ka dib bilowga World Second War Gorky Automobile Plant ayaa bilowday wax soo saarka baabuurta ciidamada qaab la fududeeyay. ka yaraanta birta qabow-giringiriyey, iyo la'aanta tiro ka mid ah qaybaha uu ku xanuunsaday. military "baabuur" The lahaa albaabada no - screens shiraac halkii lagu rakibay, baalal hore ka bir saqafka caadiga ah soo saaray. biriiga The ahaayeen oo kaliya on taayirada danbe, daboolay wadada hal nalka hore ee gaari. derbiga dhinac oo jidhka ah ma fadhiisan.

End of-soo-saarka

Kaliya ee 1944, gaariga qaaday qaab caadi ah, waxaa jiray albaabada alwaax, ku biriiga hore, laambad labaad iyo qaybood kooxda. Dagaalka ka dib, "baabuur" dib-u-soo saaray tiro badan, maxaa yeelay, dalku wuxuu u baahan gaadiid. wax soo saarka GAZ-AA sii waday ilaa 1956. Iyo wadada, baabuurta, kuwaas oo la soo arki karo in 1960 marka hore sida mashiinada ka weyn ma badalo-GAZ 51.