Konstantin Ushinsky: Biography gaaban

Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich caan ugu horrayn sida aasaasihii barbaarinta Ruush, ka dibna sida qoraa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nolosha ninkan tayo aan ahaa muddo dheer, cudurka isagii qabteen xoogga oo dhan, wuxuu ku degdegsanaa in ay ka shaqeeyaan iyo in la sameeyo dadka kale sida ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah. In 1867 wuxuu guriga ka Europe soo noqday, oo dhawr sano ka dib, in 1871 (New Style), ayaa ku dhintay, wuxuu ahaa sano oo kaliya 47 jir.

Konstantin Ushinsky runtii ka dhigay inay Russia oo aad u badan. Riyadiisa dareen, diiwaangeliyey uu qor shakhsiga ah tan iyo dhallinyarada, waxay ahayd in uu noqdo mid waxtar leh in Fatherland ah. barbaarinta saxda ah iyo waxbarasho ee jiilka ka yar oo uu naftiisa ninkan soocay.

Konstantin Ushinsky: Biography gaaban

Kostya ku dhashay Tula on 19 February 1823 ee qoyska of sharaf ah - sarkaal hawlgab ah, halyeeyga ah oo ka mid ah War of 1812. Biography Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich muujinaysaa in uu caruurnimadiisii ku qaatay magaalada Novgorod-Seversky, oo ku yaalla gobolka Chernigov, in guryaha yar oo ah waalidka, oo uu halka uu aabihiis ka soo diray in ay ka shaqeeyaan sidii garsoore. Oo hooyadiis goor hore dhintay, waqtiga uu ahaa 12 sano jir.

Ka dib ka qalin dugsiga naxwaha degaanka Constantine noqday arday ka mid ah kuliyadda sharciga ee Jaamacadda Moscow. Wuxuu ka qalin sharaf. Laba sano ka dib wuxuu noqday simaha cilmiga cameral professor Lyceum in Yaroslavl.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu mustaqbalkiisa cajiib si dhakhso ah kala gooyey - 1849. Ushinsky rasaas for "xasillooni" ardayda, tani qeyb ka views uu horumar.

Start hawlaha baridda

Konstantin Ushinsky ayaa lagu qasbay in ay ka shaqeeyaan a jagooyinka yar maamul ee Wasaaradda Arrimaha Gudaha. hawlaha ay sida aadan ku qanacsanayn iyo xataa sickened (oo ku saabsan waxa ku jira qorada uu isagu xaq buu isu qoray).

Raalli ahaanshaha ugu weyn ee qoraaga ka shuqullada suugaanta helay majaladaha "Library for Reading" iyo "Casriga", taas oo articles, ay tarjumaadaha gelin ka Ingiriisi iyo dib u eegaan qalabka lagu daabacay warbaahinta print shisheeye.

In 1854, Konstantin Ushinsky bilaabaa inuu ka shaqeeyo sidii macallin, ka dibna kormeere ee Gatchina Orphan machadka, halkaas oo ay u muuqato sidii macalinka heer sare ah, khabiir ku ah aasaaska waxbarashada iyo tababarka.

dacwadaha

Under saameynta ay dhaqdhaqaaqa bulsho-waxbarashada ee 1857-1858 sannad xisaabeedka. Ushinsky qoray ee "Journal of Education" qaar ka mid ah articles, uu, kuwaasi oo ay soo jeestay in uu naftiisa, waxaa isagii u yimid mar awooda iyo ammaanta.

In 1859 waxaa loo magacaabay Kormeeraha of Smolny ee Institute for Noble hablo. In this hay'ad si fiican u yaqaan, kuwaas oo si dhow ula xidhiidha qoyska reer boqor, halka jawiga kobcaya sasabasho iyo servility. tababarka oo dhan ayaa lagu qabtey ruuxa anshax Christian, kaas oo ugu dambeyntii u degay inculcation ah ee asluubta cilmaani ah, cibaadada dowladda Saarka iyo ugu yaraan aqoonta dhabta ah.

dib u habaynta

Ushinsky mar ku bixisay dib u habaynta machadka in kasta oo ay iska caabin ah oo ka mid ah macalimiinta socodnimo, uu soo bandhigay qorshe tababar cusub. Haddaba, mawduuca ugu weyn wuxuu ahaa af Ruush iyo suugaanta, iyo sidoo kale cilmiga dabiiciga ah. At casharada of physics iyo kimistari tijaabo uu soo bandhigay, sida kuwan mabaadiida barashada muuqaalka gacan ka milmaan ka wanaagsan iyo fahamka mawduucyada. Waqtigaas, waxaan la marti qaaday in ay macalimiinta ugu fiican - Methodists ee suugaanta, juqraafiga, taariikhda, iwm, iyo waxa Vodovozov VI, Semenov D. D., Semevskiy M. I ...

xal xiiso ahaa hordhaca ah ee ay fasalka sare waxbarashada laba sano ka badan toddoba fasalada si loo diyaariyo ardayda for shaqo waxtar leh. Waxa kale oo galinaysid dhaqanka shaqada waxbarashada leh ee shirarka iyo kulamada macalimiinta. Ardayda sidoo kale waxay xaq u leeyihiin in ay nastaan fasax iyo maalmaha fasaxa waalidka.

dhacdooyinka oo dhan, kuwaas oo aad ugu faraxsan Constantine Ushinsky. Biography loogu talagalay carruurta noqon doonaa xiiso xaqiiqda ah in ay ahayd iyaga, waayo, in uu u qoray warkii badan oo cajiib ah iyo sheekooyinka.

Carruurta aqooneed

Isla mar ahaantaana, ee 1861, waxaa la abuuray aqooneed Ushinsky "World Carruurta" on af Ruush ee fasalada dugsiga hoose ee laba qaybood, oo wada, iyo wax ka ee cilmiga dabiiciga ah.

In 1860-1861 GG. wuxuu ku hawllan yahay sixiddiisa ah "Journal oo ka mid ah Wasaaradda Waxbarashada Dadweynaha", si buuxda u beddelo barnaamijka uninteresting oo qalalan iyo beddelin magazine cilmi-waxbarashada.

waqtiga oo dhan ayaan waxaa ka go'an in kiiskan, Mr. Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich. Biography kooban oo ku muujinaysaa in uu shaqada keenay wax badan oo ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka bulshada. Wuxuu qorayaa oo joojisey in majaladaha filan article-socodnimo. Waayo, qoraaga willfulness sida aan bixin karin. Waxaa bilowday boqolaal asxaabta ku ashtakeeyeen unreliability siyaasadeed iyo freethinking.

Khibrad Europe

In 1862, uu ka Institute Smolny ku rideen. Oo markaas dowladda Saarka isaga soo diro dalka dibadiisa safar dheer baadhitaan Yurub waxbarashada haweenka. Ushinsky arkaa safar this sida tixraac.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu ka soo gaaro, sahaminta dhan leh dan weyn oo booqday qaar ka mid ah dalalka Yurub. In Switzerland, waxaa si gaar ah si taxadar leh waxbarashada Soon ee waxbarashada aasaasiga ah. gunaanad iyo isku qaadyo ay Constantine Ushinsky waa buugga a for reading fasalka "Native Word" iyo buuga tababarka waxaa loogu talagalay. Markaas isagoo isku diyaarinaya laba mugagga "nin sida maaddo ee waxbarashada" iyo ururiyaan oo dhan qalabka si ay u saddexaad.

Cudurada iyo murugo

In sano ee ugu danbeysay, waxa uu u dhaqmeen sida tirada dadweynaha. Waxa uu daabacay articles badan oo ku saabsan dugsiyada Sunday iyo dugsiyada reer farsamo, waxa uu sidoo kale xubin ka ahaa shirweynaha waxbarashada ee Crimea. In 1870 in Simferopol, uu booqday dhawr dugsi oo raalli ka ah ayaa la kulmay macalimiinta iyo ardayda ay.

Mid ka mid ah macalimiinta IP Derkachev xusuusannaa in xagaagii 1870 Ushinsky guriga ku soo noqdo ka Crimea ay u Bogdanka County Glukhovski (gobolka Chernihiv) tuulada jeclaan lahaa inuu u soo yeedho on saaxiibkiis NA Corfu Katerinoslavshchina, laakiin ma uu samayn kareen. Mid ka mid ah sababaha waxay noqotay mid qabow, ka dibna geerida naxdinta wiilkiisii curadka ahaa, Paul. Intaas ka dib Ushinsky dhaqaaqay isaga iyo qoyskiisa in ay ku noolaadaan Kiev oo soo iibsaday guri ku Tarasovskaya. Kolkiiba ayuu u soo diray wiilashiisii in la daweeyo ee Crimean ah. On jidka Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich badan qaadi qabow iyo istaago in Odessa si loogu daweeyo, laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan dhinto, waxa ay ahayd bishii Janaayo ee 1871 (New Style). Oo waxaa lagu aasay Kiev Vydubychi keniisad.

Beloveds Ushinsky

Xaaska K. D. Ushinskogo noqday Nadezhda Semenovna Doroshenko. Waxa uu dib u la kulmay iyada oo ku-Novgorod Seversky. Waxay ka mid ah qoyska Cossack qadiimiga ahaa. Ushinsky guursaday xagaagii 1851 inta lagu guda jiro safar ganacsi ee magaalada a. Waxay lahaa shan carruur ah.

Gabadhay Vera (ninkeeda of Poteau) ee Kiev qarashkiisa gaar ah u furay rag ah City College, loo magacaabay in sharaf of aabbihiis. gabadhii labaad ee Hope lacag uga joojinaysaan shuqulladooda aabbihiis abuuray dugsi hoose oo ku tuulada Bogdanka, halkaas oo uu ku noolaa waqti Ushinsky.