Keniisad ee St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky: taariikhda iyo sawiro

laba iyo afartan kiiloomitir waqooyi-bari ee Moscow, on bangiga ee webiga Vori ku yaal keniisad Nicholas Berlyukovsky, ka badbaaday oo ay la socdaan ugu Biyac Xurmaysan ee Russia iyo xilliyo barwaaqo, oo sanado badan la dayacay. Uu qaddar nololi ka muuqataa, cadhada iyo naxariis kuwa xoog. Markaasaa maanta, marka ay dadku dib u miyir ka dib labaatan sano oo waalli Cilmaaniyadda, ayuu haddana u baahan tahay dad sida ilmaha masuulka ka ah qiimaha ruuxiga ah ay isirka u.

The first to suufiyadoodii TUUG River

Taariikhyahanadu yihiin ee ra'yi ah in billaabay keniisad Nicholas Berlyukovsky ka boholaha halkan qoday suufiyadoodii marka hore, kuwaas oo u yimid halkan ka XII-XIII qarniyo. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in ee dalalkan oo Ruush peschernozhitelstvo, ay sabab u tahay xaaladaha cimilada, ayaa la siiyey oo kaliya goobo yar oo ka mid ah ascetics ugu sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda, tusaalooyin nolosha monastic of this lagu arki kartaa taariikhda oo dhan.

Waxa la ogaaday in ee qadiimiga, jeer ka badan webiga qarkiisa ah Warri ee pre-Christian jiray macbud jaahilka, iyo suufiyadoodii koowaad ee guri keniisad ah, degay meelahan, taagay on site laba macbudyo sanamyada laayay - magaca St. Yooxanaa Baabtiisaha iyo St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa Mirlikiyskogo. Marka tan la eego, qasab yimaado xusuusanayn taariikhda salka Kiev-Pechersk ku Lavra, halkaas oo dhismaha oo kuwii hore ka taagay on goobta biyaha saaray galay sanamyada Dnieper.

hoos Ieromonah la gubo

Meesha ay ugu horreeyay ee sal doortay, ma ahaa ka fog tuulada Berlin (sannadihii danbe Avdotyino), si ay u aasaasay keniisad ah marka hore la odhan jiray cidlada St. Nicholas Berlin. Her story helo horumarinta firfircoon ka dib muuqaalka kore ee kuwan qaybaha Hieromonk Varlaam kuwaas oo u yimid halkan qarnigii XVII hore, marka dalka Ruushka ayaa waxaa ku qasbeen in ay Time dab ah rabshado. Ka hor waxa uu ahaa dadka deggan Stromynsky of waseeqeeyay keniisad ah, oo ku yaalla meel u dhow Fryanovo tuulada, laakiin Poles ka dageen oo iyaga in 1603 gubay.

Waxa xiiso leh in la ogaado in waxa ay ahayd ka dib markii uu u saftay in ka celisa dokumentiyadii taariikhiga ahaa ee keniisad xilligii uu bilaabo inuu in loo gudbiyo sida St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky keniisad. On asalka ah ee cilmi magac kuma opinion la hubo ah. sidoo kale Dadka warkeeda waxaa la wadaajiyo magaca a ugaadhsado ee gobolka this iyo markaas tuuggii tawbadkeenka on naaneesta Berlyuk, taas oo macnaheedu yahay "in Yeeyi", ama si fudud "bahalka."

Ma Halyeeyga tani waa sal dhabta ah - waa la garanayn, gaar ahaan tan iyo markii hore u yeelaan aasaaskii keniisad ah kuwo Faasiqiin ah tawbadkeenka galay xeerkii Qoomkii. Tusaale waxaa ah Optina caanka ah, tuug Optoy ayaa sidoo kale la sheegay in ku salaysan.

Bilowgii obschinnozhitiya ku monastic

Ku saabsan sida hawshiisu monastic on xeebaha Vori aabbihiis Varlaam, raagayaan kaliya macluumaadka kala daadsan, kuwaas oo noo keenay ee waraaqaha ah ee xilligii bilaabay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la ogsoon yahay in wax yar ka dib qofku isaga qudhiisa qoday cell dhoobo ah, iyo Camiray dhexdeeda ee, naftiisa u bixiyey si tukasho iyo soon maahee, wuxuu bilaabay inuu u yimid suufiyadoodii kale ka Biyac dumay, oo waxay iyaga iyo dadka, kuwaas oo doonayay in naftiisa ay Ilaah u adeega quduus jiifay. Tartiib tartiib tirada dadkii degganaa waxay cidlada ku bilaabay si loo kordhiyo.

Waxaa kale oo la og yahay in maalin maalmaha ka mid ah aabaha Barlaam jiray laba naagood jir qadariyo - Superior Hooyada Evdokia, oo ku hogaamiyay Baabtiisaha ma ahaa fog waseeqeeyay keniisad, iyo khasnajiga Juliana. Markaasay waxay u keeneen a hadiyad u Xuntahay ku icon hore ee St. Nicholas.

Waayo image quduuska ah ee Barlaam weynaa iyo walaalihiis saaray goobta cibaadaysiga alwaax of Suurka jiridu u taagay ku dhawaad kaynta geed ka. muuqaalka kore ee Asheeraah ugu dhakhsaha badan ka bartay deggan tuulooyinka ku hareereysan oo waxay bilaabeen inay yimaadaan dad faro badan oo ka mid ah keniisad Nikolo-Berlyukovsky. Aad ugu dhaqsiyaha badan, iyada oo salaadda ka hor image bilaabeen in ay xoog leh ku samayn, oo ka cabanaya badan waa la bogsiiyey.

dhismaha dhagax ugu horeysay ee keniisad ah

Iyada oo tirada dadka xajka u sujuudina tilmaamaha icon mucjisada ah iyo fiirsada oday Varlaama, hodan iyo tiirsan khasnadda ilaa haatan Collegiate. Dhowr sanno ka hor maray, iyo deeqaha ee aaminka ah oo qaaraan ah boyars kii booqday keniisad ah on site ee goobta cibaadaysiga hore la qotomiyey kaniisad dhagax, quduus ka dhigay magaca St. Nicholas.

In 1710, sida keniisad ah (St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky) ayaa lahaa xaaladda rasmi ah by go'aanka hoggaanka diiniga, kiniisadda helay xaaladda keniisad in keniisad Moscow Chudov, oo ay ugu adeegaan waxa ku jira, iyo sidoo kale horumarinta guud ee macaashka dhowr suufiyadoodii hogaaminayo Abbot Pohomiem. Tani waxa ay ahayd tallaabo muhiim ah dhinaca aqoonsiga oo ka mid ah keniisad Moscow Patriarchate.

amar raggu on abuuritaanka keniisad cusub yimid toddoba sannadood ka dib, oo helay xaaladda rasmiga ah, oo lamadegaanka ayaa laga saaray awoodda sharci ee keniisad Chudov ah. Taariikhda ayaa dhawray magaca ugu horeysay Abbot ee keniisad ah, wuxuuna ahaa wadaadkii celibate Diodorus, kuwaas oo siiyey adeegidda Ilaah ku Aaminto isaga derbiyada keniisad labaatan sano gudahood.

mucaaradka Abbot

In 1731 wuxuu ka bedelay Yoosiyaah wadaad, kuwaas oo ku riyaaqay haybad weyn ku dhex amiiradaha Maryan iyo Feodosia - walaalo oo hooyo ah marxuumiinta by waqtiga Peter Emperor ah I. Masiirka ee ina aamin this ka mid ah Church Orthodox Ruush ahaa naxdin leh. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa geesinimo inay hadlaan kana soo horjeestay siyaasadda ee xisbiga talada haya ee kuwa sano Anny Empress ku Ioannovny.

Sida aad ogtahay, toban sano ah, iyada oo boqornimadiisa ayaa lagu gartaa Lagaga ee ajnabiga ah in dhammaan hay'adaha dowladda iyo jihada guud ee siyaasadaha pro-Western. In waddani ah Russia, aabbihiis Yoosiyaah oo aan ka waaban in ay si cad u cambaarayn iyo Empress nafteeda, xadgudub ku ah danaha qaranka, iyo saraakiil musuqmaasuq. Waayo, ismana khilaafin uu soo diray maxaabiis joogtada ah ee Kamchatka, halkaas oo uu ugu dhakhsaha badan u dhintay, si ay u adkeysan ay cimilada aad u daran karin.

keniisad kicin

dulli yimid, iyo suufiyadoodii badan, sida uu helay xafiiska oo ka mid ah denunciations Secret, "oo wanaagsan dhegaystay" si uu Abbot. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka loo eego xukunka walaalihiis ma ahaa sida daran, iyo kuwa amarka leh naftooda ku koobnayn ay saarida wuxuu joogay kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan iyo markaas keniisad ah (St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky) si tartiib ah u bilaabay inuu hoos u. In Russia, awoodda cilmaani ah ayaa mar walba mudnaan badan kiniisadda, dabcan, in degenaanshaha, marxad fallaagada siyaasadeed, ma tirin karin taageerada ee Synod Quduuska ah.

baabiiyo hore ee guri keniisad

booska uu ka oonay in uu is beddelay wanaagsan ee boqortooyada soo socda. Waxaa intaa dheer, in 1770, markii Ekaterina II, silig, sida la og yahay, secularization siyaasadda, in la naas dalalkan oo kaniisad, keniisad ee St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky ma la tirtiray, iyo in dhulkeeda kaniisad Nicholas helay xaaladda kiniisadda kaniisadda.

Kaliya sagaal sano ka dib, in codsiyada badan oo ka mid ah dadka deegaanka iyo xubno ka mid ah wadaadada ah, ayaa lagu faafiyey amarkii ah Moscow fiqi Consistory keniisad (Nicholas Berlyukovsky) mahad dib xuquuqdooda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku free-fikirka walaalkiis hore ee aan waxtar lahayn - keniisad ka helay xaaladda cidla ah gobolka, la diiday, by madaxda wacdina wixii taageero maaddi ah iyo waa in ay kaliya jirey khayraadka gaar ah. Sannaddii in, iyo Biyac muhiim ahayn sida of Sheeko Moscow, waxaa ku jiray siddeed.

Taladoodu hoos Platon Metropolitan

Raktarka ah keniisad ka soo noolaaday loo magacaabay wadaad Joasaph - nin ma aha oo kaliya si qoto dheer diinta, laakiin sidoo kale waxa uu leeyahay toosiyaan dhaqaale iyo ganacsi fiican. Waxa uu maamulo si ay u helaan kalsoonida hoggaamiyaha kiniisadda u fiican waqtiga Metropolitan Platon (Levshin), riyaaqay saameyn weyn ee maxkamadda, iyo, si uu taageero ugu mahad, si aad u hesho barako iyo, muhiimsan, lacagta dhismaha kaniisadda cusub ka go'an in Trinity Quduuska ah. Marka dhismaha ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey, Metropolitan Platon shakhsi quduus ka dhigay isagii, oo naftayda, kaalin muhiim ah in buugaag Afika, iyo alaabteeda oo kala duwan.

Age of dhismaha firfircoon ee keniisad ah

dhimashada Abbot Ioasafa Ka dib, in 1794, keniisad ka sii ballaariyo. Inta qarnigii XIX ee dhulkeeda ku taagay dhismayaasha kala duwan sida ujeeddo Afika iyo dhaqaalaha. In 1835 oo ay meel qaatay macbudka Masiix oo Badbaadiyeheenna ah saareen, kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday xarunta naqshadda dhismaha monastic.

Intaa waxaa dheer, dhismayaasha ugu caan ah loo dhisay in 1840. Gate kaniisad dhagax lagu sharfayo Vasiliya Velikogo oo ka taagay in 1851, munaaraddii jalaska, taas oo loo sara kiciyey by dawan oo miisaankeedu yahay in ka badan kun oo ginni. Intaa waxaa dheer, labo sano ka dib walaalaha sameeyey quduuskadhigidda oo shir ku kiniisadda dhagax cusub, dhisay on the deeqaha ee baayacmushtariga FF Nabilkina.

keniisad gaar ah munaaraddii dawan

dhammaadkii qarnigii XIX la calaamadeeyay by dhismaha dhismaha ugu wayn, kaas oo noqday caan ah oo dhan lamadegaan Russia Nicholas Berlyukovskaya. keniisad waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay la helo habka iyo fursadaha dhismaha mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu sarreeya ee dawanno Ruush. dhismahan, loogu talagalay by dhise Moscow ee Aleksandra Stepanovicha Kaminskogo, mid gaar ah iyo sidii taallo ah naqshadda iyo mashruuc injineernimada geesi.

Her height waa siddeed iyo siddeetan nin oo mitir, iyo on top waxay ahayd kaalinta by karoos, sayidkayga tuuray Shuvalov sameeyey oo naxaas ah casaan iyo vesivshim ka badan lix kiilo garaam. Dhismaha oo dhan waxaa fuliyey deeqaha iskaa wax u qabso iyo baayacmushtariyadii weynta Samoilova Lyapino walaalo ah.

joojinta labaad ee keniisad ah

In 1920, xilli anti-diimeed sameeyo maamulada cusub, ayaa soo gaadhay Avdotyino. Nicholas Berlyukovsky keniisad ahaa u xiran yihiin, inta badan dhismayaasha ay la isticmaalo baahida kala duwan ee qoyska, iyo kaniisadda ugu weyn ee soo jeestay in kaniisadda. sanad ka dib, sii kordhaya waxqabadka Cilmaaniyadda, maamulka mamnuucay adag qaadan diinta, iyo in 1922 soo saaray la wareegida ee qiimaha leh.

alaabteeda oo dhan oo Requisitioned lacag ah, oo ay ku jiraan weelal, mushaaraadka walxood iyo buugaagta Afika, iyo sidoo kale pectoral iyo meesha allabariga, iskutallaabtiisana. Markii ugu danbeysay liturgia Ilaahnimadu ee kaniisadda la dhameeyay bishii February 1930. muddo dheeraad ah oo dhan, ilaa dhamaadkii sagaashankii hore, dhismayaasha keniisad ayaa la isticmaalo ujeeddooyin Gaarna ganacsi.

nooleenta ee keniisad ah

Laga bilaabo nooleenta ee keniisad waa in la arkaa sida dayrta ee 1992, markii ay beesha diinta la aasaasay oo diiwaan Masiix Cathedral oo Badbaadiyeheenna ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shaqada dib u soo celinta waxay ku soo qaaday waqti badan, iyo maamulka macbadka ugu horeysay loo dabaal kaliya ee 2004. Dhacdadani waxa ay ku calaamadsan bilowgii muddo taariikheed cusub, kuwaas oo u yimid Nikolo Berlyukovsky keniisad. Jadwalka Adeegyada Ilaahnimadu, muuqatay albaabka uu ka dib muddo dheer, waxa ay ahayd calaamad ugu horeysay ee dib u cusboonaysiinta Ruuxa ka soo socda. Markaas munaaraddii dawan kiniisadda iyo qayb ka mid ah dhulka ee guri keniisad ah ayaa si rasmi ah ugu wareejiyay shirkii dhowaan la sameeyey.

talaabo muhiim ah in nooleenta ee keniisad ahaa go'aanka Synod Quduuska ah, iyaga soo dhoweeyey kulanka January 2006. Sida laga soo xigtay in uu amar, kiniisadda, taas oo ugu horrayn ka shaqeeya sidii kaniisadda, dhowaan diinta keniisad Nicholas Berlyukovsky. Photos keniisad ku soo laabtay ka dib markii Mu'miniinta iyo lixdan sannadood ee ceeb, waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in maqaalka. Waxay isu hadleen.

Shaqo ka bilaabay keniisad ah

Ka hor inay u badan shaqo waqti-dheer on dib u soo celinta in uu ahaa mid arxan baabbi'iyeen quruumihii oo dhan, iyo waxa uu horey u bilaabay. Wax yar ka dib la siiyo xaaladda rasmiga ah in guri keniisad oo ugu sarreeya munaaraddii dawan la kiciyey pyatnadtsatimetrovaya qudbad, kaalinta by karoos sharraxnaan jirtay. Mar kale iftiimisay in ka badan keniisad ah calaamad u ah Masiixa allabari madax furashada.

In 2011, walaalaha keniisad bilowday mashruuc gaar ah - ". Romanov Walk of Fame" abuurista Sida laga soo xigtay qorayaasha, taas waa in lagu dhejiyaa taxadiri in ay wakiillo ka guri ammaan ah oo u talin jiray Russia seddex boqol oo sano. Maanta, in this xusuus, abuuray baad ah in xusuustiisa Romanovs sida, ka taagay tiir in ay afarta ugu horeysay.

The buuxda u soo ceshaday iyo kiniisadda adeegyada, jiidatay sanadihii hore, kun oo dad sodcaal ah ee St. Nicholas keniisad Berlyukovsky. Jadwalka Masiixa adeegyada kaniisadda Badbaadiyeheenna yihiin guud ahaan waafaqsan jadwalka adkeeyey inta badan macbudyo ka. On maalmaha polunochnitsa, matins iyo saacadaha bilaabi at 6:00 am, Ilaahnimadu liturgia - 8:00, Vespers - at 17:30. Inta lagu jiro ciidaha, jadwalka laga yaabaa in la beddelo, laakiin waxaa laga heli karaa website-ka keniisad.

St. Nicholas keniisad Berlyukovsky - sida loo helo isaga ku samaysaa?

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in wax dhisaa iyo restorers of keniisad weli shaqo badan, durbadiiba waxaa suurtagal ah in ay arkaan tiro badan oo dad sodcaal ah halkan ma aha oo kaliya ka Moscow iyo magaalooyinka u dhow, laakiin sidoo kale ka dalka oo dhan soo socda. Waxaannu ku ogeysiinaynaa kuwa raba in ay soo booqdaan keniisad ee St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky, cinwaanka: Gobolka Moscow, Degmada Noginsk, Avdotyino .. Waxaad gaari karo № baska 321 ka tareenka dhulka hoostiisa ah "Shchelkovskaya" in ay ku joojiyaan. Avdotyino. Haddii kale Yaroslavsky tareen saldhigga saldhiga Chkalovskaya, iyo sii baska isku № 321.