Hadda kala duwan. mashiinka kala duwan: sifooyinka, ujeedada

Waxgarashada fudud ee kala duwan ee hadda jira waa in loo tixgeliyaa nidaam jirka ah. Marka ay jirto taabasho ah Jidka qaban dahaaran, sababta lahayn koronto? Jawaabtu waa cadahay: go'doomin ka hortagtaa socodka hadda iyada oo jidhka bini'aadamka. Laakiin haddii kaari u dhashay, koraan substrate qalabada iyo taaban silig? Saamaynta waa isku mid - ma jiraan wax lama filaan ah korontada. substrate ma xiri circuit jidhka dhulka.

Fikradda ah ee hadda kala duwan

In dabiiciga ah waxaa waa hab jirka sida kala duwan ee hadda jira. Ra'yiga Tani waa tiro dulinka ah, ayaa muujiyay sida wadarta hadda la joogo ee Bannaanka, qaaday in dareenka square celceliska. Si aad u kala duwan hadda u muuqday, geedi socodka jirka ah in uu dhaco, wuxuu u yeedhay baxsiga hadda. Laakiin waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la raacay hal xaalad waa: dhismaha qalabka, halkaasna waxaa ku tiil baxsiga hadda ah in lagugu xiro dhulka. Haddii kale, haddii aan jidhka waxa aasaas u, ka dibna dhacdo ee baxsiga hadda ma keento kala duwan ee hadda ah. Iyo haraaga breaker hadda (RCD) uma shaqeeyo.

Xiriirka ka dhexeeya kala duwan iyo baxsiga hadda

Marka baxsiga ee hadda ku dhacaa Bannaanka, waxaa soo baxa in ay xubno ka haysta wax ka tabinta (guryo kale biraha waayo, qalabka, tuubooyinka, kuleyliyaha, iwm) From qaybaha hoos danab (wareeggeedii korontada, fiilooyin). ha lagu guda jiro kuwaas oo goobaha-baxsiga gaaban leeyihiin. Oo sidaas daraaddeed waxaa jira xaqiiqada lahayn oo ka mid ah xadgudubyada qaab wareeg (waxaa nabar cad).

Tan iyo hadda kala duwan marka ay express xisaab ahaan ka dhigan tahay farqiga (qiimaha dulinka) u dhexeeya hadda ee ilaha wax soo saarka hadda iyo ka dib markii Xamuulka, waa la fahmi karo in ay tahay ku dhowaad isku mid ah in baxsiga hadda. Laakiin haddii dambaysta ah run ahaantii jira xadgudub, sida ningax, deegaanka huurka badan, kaas oo uu u gudbin karaan, ama wax kale, kala duwanaanshaha ee hadda ka muuqata marka la xidhiidha dhulka la.

Jilaafada iyo non-jilaafada hadda kala duwan

Under jilaafada hadda (ama jilaafada) garasho duwan socodka ah ee hadda taas oo keenta in a soo deyneyso jarida VDT ee silsiladda.

socodka hadda The kaas oo la ogol yahay in wareeg ah qalab (RCD) iyo actuation ma dhici karto waxaa lagu magacaabaa kala duwan ee hadda jira aan jilaafada.

Bannaanka ku raran shaqaalaynta qalab nooca-garaaca: rectifiers, qalabka digital Discrete xakamaynta awood - dhamaan qalabka casriga ah, jiritaanka hadda soo jeeda kala duwan. Laakiin hadda, kuwanu ma hadda dhaawac, iyo circuit koronto kiiskan ma furi karo. Sidaa darteed, RCD marinka jilaafada la doorto sida aanay u dhaqmayso qiimaha qalliinka ee asalka ah, iyo demi hadda baxsiga aad u qiimaha this.

RCD ama Machine kala duwan

Si loo ilaaliyo circuit ka dhanka ah hadda dhulka qalad tiro ka weyn, horumariyo gaar ah mawjadaha circuit. qalab Wadista had iyo goor u ku imtixaamaa Bannaanka gacanta for baxsiga koronto. Marka wadarta dulinka ah qiimaha hadda line uu noqon doono ka weyn yahay eber iyo galo xadka la ogaado, waxa uu isla markiiba demiyo Bannaanka. Nidaamka noocan oo kale ah ayaa lagu wadaa iyo khadadka-hal waji oo saddex waji.

Astaamaha daaro kala duwan

beddelka kala duwan qalabka difaaca ka duwan midba midka kale by:

• Tilmaamo design;
• macnaheedu baxsiga oo koronto ah,
• goobaha dareenka;
• xawaaraha.

Iyadoo ku xiran design muuqaalada kala yihiin:

• VDT qalab (biiray kala duwan), kuna waari dhexdeeda ma jirto ilaalinta hadda sare. Waxay dhaqmayso baxsiga hadda, laakiin si loo ilaaliyo nidaamka, si joogto ah u baahan tahay inaad ka mid fiyuusyada.
• RCBOs qalab meesha la siiyaa biiro nooca automatic. Kuwaas waxaa ku jira hindisooyin universal la dual function - si ay u difaacaan circuit gaaban oo dollar, sidoo kale ay gacanta ku baxsiga.
• BDT qalabka mashiinka dayacan suurto gal barta xidhiidhka ka. aalad waxaa loogu tala galay in la wada rakibay la baxsadeen oo wareeg ah. Its design waa la soo shaqeeyay sidan oo kale in kaliya ogolaanaya xidhiidh hal mar in mashiinka a a.

Iyada oo ku xidhan qaab reer hadda baxsiga la hormariyey qalabka group ilaaliya socda beddelka:

• AC - aaladaha ka hawlgala la talantaalli ah hadda sinusoidal. Iyagu ma ay jawaabaan kala duwan hadda garaaca wadnaha kaas oo ka dhici xilligan marka, tusaale ahaan, nalalka dhaadheer, laambadihiinnuna qalab X-ray, qalabka loogu talagalay habsocodyada signalada macluumaad, converters thyristor.
• A - alaabtii lagu ilaalin gaboowday joogto ah iyo talantaalli hadda. Ha aqoonsado hadda baxsiga kala duwan garaaca wadnaha peak. Waxay ka shaqeeyaan wareeggeedii elektaroonik ah sida rectifiers, xakameeya positionally diinta. Looga hortago dhulka baxsiga korontada pulsed, taas oo uu leeyahay qayb danab joogto ah.
• B - hababka la variable, joogto ah iyo gaboowday baxsiga hadda shaqeeya.

biiro kala duwan oo xasaasi ah ayaa ah noocyada soo socda:

• nidaamka dareenka Low in gab circuit xiriir aan toos ahayn.
• Systems la dareen-si sare. Ilaali, haddii ay jiraan ayaa xiriir toos ah in ay kaari ah.
• Fire-dagaalanka tallaabo.

Sida laga soo xigtay markii looga baahan yahay hawlgalka qalab:

• tallaabo Instant.
• Xawaaraha Sare.
• Ujeedada guud.
• Dib u - nooca la xushay.

ilaalinta kala duwan ee hadda jira ee qalabka xulista ay gab karaa oo kaliya qayb ka mid ah qalabka, halkaas oo xadgudub dhacay.

Sidee breaker hadda haraaga ah

RCD ka kooban core ah ee foomka of giraan ah iyo laba gariiradda. windings Kuwani dhab ahaan waa isku mid, laga sameeyey waa mid silig iskutallaabta qaybta iyo tirada markooda isku mid. Ka dib markii mid ka mid ah socodka hadda gariiradda jihada load talooyin ah, oo dheeraad ah iyada oo load labaad ku fuuli jiray celinta ah. Tan iyo load kasta maraa hadda lagu qiimeeyo, hadda waxaa lagu soo koobay ee talooyinka iyo wax soo saarka ee Kirgofu waa in loo siman yahay. Sidaas darteed, hadda ee windings ku abuuraa ka daadanayo isla magnetic faray dhinaca ka soo horjeeda. qulqulka Kuwani kasta oo kale oo kabayso iyo nidaamka weli ku jira xaalad la mid ah. Haddii kaliya waxaa jiray baxsiga hadda ah, duurka ku magnetic noqon doonaa kala duwan, ka shaqeyn doonaan Relay ee kala duwan ee hadda jira, taas oo keeni doonta in furitaanka oo ka mid ah xiriirada korontada. line The korontada in gebi ahaanba de-dardar galiyo.

Halkee ammaanka lagu dabaqi karo qalab hadda haraaga ah

In dhismaha casriga ah iyo meelaha qalabka korontada, iyo sidoo kale hagaajay isticmaalka qalabka more in kuwa hada ah haraaga ah. Tani waxay xaq ku kordhiyo ammaanka hawl shabakadaha korontada, iyo sidoo kale hoos u dhac in dhaawacyada. RCDs waxaa loo isticmaalaa in:

• dhismayaasha dawladda, dugsiyada, dhismayaasha dhaqanka, isbitaalada, hotels, goobaha isboortiga,
• dhismayaasha iyo guri shakhsi deggan yahay, guryaha, cariishyada, hostels, dhismayaasha amarro;
• meel tafaariiqda, gaar ahaan ka dhigtay oo ku saleysan qaabab birta;
• dhismayaasha ujeedooyin maamuleed;
• shirkadaha warshadaha.

qorsheyaasha fursadaha Connection RCD

qalab ilaaliya kala duwan ee hadda jira si loo soo saaro tiro kala duwan ee wejiyada socdo. Waxaa jira hal wajiga, laba-waji oo saddex waji mawjadaha circuit haraaga ah ee hadda.

Haddii line yahay wajiga kaliya oo waa in la xiran iyo hal baxsadeen oo Bannaanka RCD in, waxa farqi u lahayn, mabda ', waxa la geliyaa meeshii ay ugu horeysay. Dhammaan qalabka lagu dhejiyay on aqbasho Bannaanka. Si fudud u sahlan in ay ku riday on wajiga koowaad ee si toos ah iyo haraaga breaker hadda ka dib. Tan iyo load waxaa markaas ku xiran labada xiriirada RCD halkii wajiga - in mishiinka, halkii eber - in qalab ilaalinta.

Haddii line ugu weyn ee u qaybsan yahay khadadka dhowr la xamuulka, RCD ugu horeysay ku riday, dabadeedna line kasta oo breaker ah. Waxaa muhiim ah in lagu qiimeeyo hadda u mari kartaa RCD ah, waxay ahayd waqti dheer hawlgalka mashiinka hadda, haddii kale ma awoodaan in ay ilaaliyaan qalab laftiisa.

gunaanad

All shaqada ururka nidaamyada ilaalinta fiilooyinka korontada iyo circuit waxaa fiican tagay si ay koronto xirfadle! Adiga kaliya ayaa isugu iman karaan gacmahooda fudud wareeggeedii korontada iyo aaladaha ammaanka xira, si adag u raac tilmaamaha. Sida caadiga ah, la xiriir kasta waxay leedahay calaamad u dhiganta.