Gunn: mabda'a shaqada iyo codsiga

Gunn diode - Semiconductor ah, oo waa inay awoodaan inay la hawlan qarniga oscillations at firikuwensiyada kala duwan. The dukaamada qalabka korontada qalabka iibiyo noocyada kala duwan. Sidoo kale xusid mudan waa in ay ku kala duwan yihiin size. Beegyada uu ugu weyn ee beddelka ee la xidhiidha tabinta ee hadda, danab, soo noqnoqoshada iyo iska caabin ah ugu badnaan.

Gunn qalab diode la mid ah Semiconductor a caadiga ah. model Standard ka kooban yahay arsenide a daaha khafiif ah. Sidoo kale gudaha qalab uu leeyahay gallium gaar Wednesday iyo xiriirada. Under arsenide daaha ku yaal dopants iyo electrodes. Gunn technology saarka diode ee shirkadaha kala duwan ee kala duwanaan karaan.

Sidee u shaqeeyaan?

Sida hore u soo sheegnay, waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo dioska-. Mabda'a hawlgalka aaladaha dhisay on Isbadal ee oscillation ah. Tani waxay dhacdaa ay sabab u tahay isbeddel ah ee inta jeer ee wareegga. Markii hore danab ku codsatay in boosteejada, halkaas oo daaha arsenide faraxsanahay. Next, electrodes yihiin si toos ah looga faa'iideysan. xoogga duurka korodhka magnetic. xiriirada indhaha nidaamka loo baahan yahay in la kordhiyo iska caabin ah. Geedi socodka ah ee guud ahaan oscillations ah waa la fuliyay in dopant ah. Kordhinta xawaare robab ah kiiskan ku xiran tahay conductivity ee electrodes ah.

Codsiga Gunn dioska-

Dioska- waxaa aad loogu isticmaalaa in matoorrada inta jeer oo kala duwan. Sidoo kale xusid mudan waa in ay inta badan lagu rakibay ee dirato. Laakiinse waxaa lagu heli karaa in gudbiyeyaasha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qalab ma ku haboon yihiin dhamaan noocyada hab doorinta. Si aad u fahamto in faahfaahin dheeraad ah in this, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la tixgeliyo noocyada dioska-.

noocyada hab doorinta

Si aad u taariikhda, qoondeeyo guryaha iyo qalabka ahaaa. Waxay ku kala duwan yihiin marka la eego conductivity, iyo sidoo kale ammaanka. Sidoo kale xusid mudan tahay, in kala beddelka ku fuliyeen in ka badan oo dhererkiisu. Waxaa dioska- 20, 50 iyo 100 microns.

Kokes ku soo baakadeeyey

Semiconductor Hull Gunn diode (photo hoose) ku haboon yahay matoorrada ah inta jeer ee kala duwan. Haddii aad aaminsan tahay khubaro ah, beddelka leeyihiin conductivity wanaagsan. aaladaha xiridda lagu samayn karaa via modulators xiriir. Gunn technology been diode warshado kala duwan kala duwanaan karaan. Mararka qaarkood, iyadoo la isticmaalayo adapters channel.

Sidoo kale xusid mudan waa in dioska- guryaha ku leeyihiin amniga wanaagsan. qoyaan Operating dhimaya iyaga ka qiyaastii waa 55%. Heerkulka ugu yar ee la ogol yahay ee -30 digrii. Daydo ayaa sidoo kale si fiican u aduu gudbiyeyaasha condenser. xawaaraha sare waxaa la gaari ay sabab u tahay electrodes of dioska- bixiyo.

Lavinnoproletnye qalabka ahaaa

Lavinnoproletnye dioska- Gunn ahaaa waxaa sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo ilaaliyaal. Halbeegga conductivity in noocyo badan bilaabi doonaa 30 microns. Tani waxay bixisaa electrodes heerka sare. Haddii aan ka fiirsan a diode Gunn serial, qorshee waxa ay la mid tahay Semiconductor ku toosan. Marka danab a of 12 V tilmaame dollar ka mid ah lagu daydo waa loo siman yahay in aan ka yarayn 55 A.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii ay taasi, wax badan ku xiran tahay wax ka beddelid size. Waxa kale oo loo baahan yahay in la tixgeliyo nooca transistor, kaasi oo loo adeegsaday in ay ku xidhmaan u dirato. Marar badan, qalabka la xiran karaa via qaybiyaha ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, iska caabin ah oo ku saabsan 2 ohms. heerka u damaysay ku xiran tahay tirada dopants. Waxaa xusid mudan in beddelka ma ku haboon yihiin non-xiriir dirato. Dhibaatada ugu weyn ee halkan been heerka robab yar yahay.

Qalabka 20 microns

Aad loo jecel yahay waa diode Gunn ah. Mabda'a ka hawlgala waxaa ka mid ah waxaa lagu dhisay on qarniga oscillations. daydo waa weyn u dirato nooca drive ah. Waxa kale oo xusid mudan in hab doorinta waa iska caabin negative wanaagsan ee khasaaraha kulaylka hooseeyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay leedahay cillado gaar ah.

First of dhan, khubaro ogow hooseeya danab dollar ah 10 V. In lagu daydo ma aha difaaca ugu fiican. Kaxaynta dioska- Uumi 20 microns waa 40%. Dopants kiiskan si tartiib tartiib ah ula falgalaan cathode ah. Heerka electrodes ku xiran tahay ma aha oo kaliya on conductivity ah, laakiin sidoo kale iska caabin ah.

Beddelka 50 microns

Gunn diode (50 microns naqshada tilmaamay kiiska) waxaa loo oggol yahay in ay codsadaan matoorrada awood. beddelka Ku xiridda la fulin karo oo keliya iyada oo capacitors xigay. Haddii aan ka fiirsan 3A716I ku diode Gunn, dhimaya danab ku ogolaan karo waa 15 V. Habka ammaanka haddii ay taasi ku xiran tahay nooca qufulka loo isticmaalo qalabka. celceliska Conductivity la hayo ilaa 40 microns. Khubarada qaar ayaa sheegaya in semiconductors u soo gudbin conductivity ugu fiican.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa xusid mudan in geeddi-socodka ah ee jiilka of oscillations waa mid aad u dhakhso ah. Tani waxay bixisaa heer sare ah arsenide damaysay. deegaanka gallium weli firfircoon xitaa at heerkul ka sareeya. Dhanka kale, waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in beddelka 50 microns ku haboon yihiin xakamaysada xeerka. Si aad ku xidha blocks transient codsatay. Xaaladdan oo kale, conductivity ah waxaa la siiyaa at 45 microns. iska caabin ka dioska- waa loo siman yahay ugu badnaan 2 ohms. Waxay ku arzaaqnayna wax difaac fiican, xawaaraha of koronto, waxa la ilaalinayaa si heer sare. Haddii aan ka hadlo ayaa haddana ceebaha ay nidaamyada sida, waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in ay leeyihiin xawaare robab yar. Tan waxaa in badan sabab u ah joogitaanka nijaasta jawi gallium.

Waxa kale oo aad u sheegi kartaa xaqiiqda ah in xiriirada waxaa inta badan u kululaatid, oscillation habka jiilka noqon karaa mid aad gaabis ah. filtarrada KMG ah waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si ay u xaliyaan dhibaatada la soo bandhigay. In meesha ugu horeysa waxay kordhin iska caabin xun. waxay sidoo kale waa saamayn wanaagsan ku conductivity ee electrodes ah.

Si ka duwan qalabka 100 microns

Waxaa ka mid ah lagu daydo u xiran yihiin inta badan laga helay diode Gunn ah. Mabda'a hawlgala of beddelka la dhisay on Isbadal ee oscillation ah. Ujeedada this, lakabka hoose waxaa firfircoonaan arsenide. Haddii aan ka fiirsan a diode Gunn caadiga ah, waa design la mid ah Semiconductor ku toosan. xiriirada indhaha u dhaqmaan sida kirishbooyada.

Haddii aan ka hadlo isticmaalka beddelka, waxaa xusid mudan in ay dioska- 100 microns haboon ilaaliyaal code. Waxay awoodaan inay ku shaqeeyaan danab a of 13 V. Wakhtigan yihiin, tilmaame overcurrent waa in aan hoos ku dhici 40 A. iska caabin The xun ee nidaamka ku xiran tahay oo kaliya on heerka jiilka of gariirka. Sidoo kale xusid mudan waa in dioska- 100 microns ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in la wado dirato.

Badalitaan matoor 10 GHz

Generator 10 GHz waa dioska- haboon xidhay. In dhererka beddelid this ma ahan. Just xirmaan qalabka iyada oo capacitor a guurka caadiga ah. Sidoo kale analogs haboon beerta, taas oo qiimaha sare ee iska caabin xun. Badalitaan matoor 10 GHz waa in la qalo ee danab a oo aan ka yarayn 10 W.

Sidoo kale xusid mudan waa in aadan ku xidhi karaa habeyn of a contactor St Paul caadiga ah. In meesha ugu horeysa waxa ay yaraynaysaa conductivity ka mid ah qalabka. Tani waxay hoos u xawaaraha koronto ah. contactors indhaha ku haboon yahay ujeedadaan yaab leh. Waxay leeyihiin gabi ahaanba saameyn ah kuma laha Wehliyaha kala iibsiga kulaylka. Celcelis ahaan, iska caabin xun la hayo 4 ohms.

qalab koronto ilaa 15 GHz

Under matoorrada 15 GHz waxaa loo ogol yahay in ay isticmaalaan dioska- kaliya markaas dajisay. Sida caadiga ah, xidhiidhka ka waa via ah capacitors versions Console la conductivity a of 4 microns. Xaaladaha qaarkood, isticmaalka contactors caadiga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in ay ka shaqeeyaan danab a of 10 V la ilaaliyo dhamaan matoorrada sida caadiga ah. dioska- xiriir indhaha ku faraxsanahay si deg deg ah soo jiidasho leh. Khubarada ayaa sidoo kale farta ku xawaaraha sare oo koronto ah. Tan waxaa in badan sabab u ah conductivity sare. robab xawaare halka xira nidaamsan. Haddii aan ka hadlo khasaaraha ka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah inay tixgeliyaan heerkulka hooseeyo hawlgalka marinka. qoyaan daarmayaay'e oggol yahay ee 55%.

beddelid lacag lakabka ku xiran tahay xawaaraha socodka ah ee guud ahaan oscillations. Xaaladaha qaarkood, dioska- ku xiran yihiin iyada oo transistors furan. Xaaladdan oo kale, filter mesh ee loo isticmaalo in wareegga. Sidaas darteed, conductivity ee xadka waa loo siman yahay ilaa 40 microns. Marka matoor danab 12 la dioska- waa in uu bixiyaa dollar ugu yaraan 5 A. By hoos xawaaraha kala duwan electrodes contactor. Sidoo kale, dhibaatada ee transistor jiifsan laga yaabaa. Badalitaan conductivity yar yahay ma awoodo si ay u ilaaliyaan garaaca wadnaha si joogto ah nidaamka.

Dioska- waayo, matoorrada at 20 GHz

Waayo, matoorrada at 20 GHz waxaa loo isticmaalaa dioska- furan ama xiran. Xaaladdan oo kale kaalin muhiim ah xulay capacitor. Sida caadiga ah, waxaa loo isticmaalaa inuu wax ka beddelo danab saarka of 30 V. ah Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa ay noqon waa ogyahay iska caabin xun. xawaaraha electrodes dhibcood si weyn understating Marka dhimaya this. Sidoo kale, waxaa jira dhibaatooyin la conductivity iyo khasaaraha kaamerada.

Halbeegga dollar ee matoorrada guud ahaan ma dhici hoos 5 N. Ma beddelka waxaa si aad u wanaagsan la ilaaliyo. Marka ay tani dopants damaysay ku xiran tahay iska caabin ah ee wax soo saarka. Si aad u xirmaan iyada oo a isku xira isticmaalo adapters drive. Marar badan, transceivers isticmaalo. Xasiliya ayaa qarka u saaran inay gacanta ku hayaan danab ah oo deggan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in dioska- si weyn u lumin conductivity isticmaalaya transceivers bedesheen.

Daydo waayo resonators hawl-

resonators Hawleed baahan oscillations degdeg ah ahbaa. Dioska- noocan ah waa ku haboon yahay ujeedadaan. Marka rakibidda beddelka loo baahan yahay in meesha ugu horeysa in la sameeyo by qiyaaso iska caabin xun. Sidoo kale ha iloobin conductivity ee indhaha oo ka mid ah xiriirada, kaas oo xawaaraha koronto ku xiran tahay. Si loo kordhiyo awoodda ka mid ah qalabka lagu talinayaa transceivers capacitive.

danab dhimaya in xaaladda this ay gaari doonto xadka of 30 V. dollar diode waxay ku xiran tahay gebi on conductivity ee capacitor ah. Sidoo kale xusid mudan tahay, in marka aad rakibi badalaad lagama maarmaan ah in la isticmaalo filtarrada on taarikada ah. First of dhan waxay u xaliyaan dhibaatada of ilaalinta deegaanka gallium. Waxa kale oo ay leeyihiin saamayn togan ku dopants ah.

Dioska- in resonators pulsed

Gaar ahaan ku habboon resonators for bedesheen dioska- 20 iyo 50 microns. Marka qalabka xira isticmaalo adapters ku suntan. Xaaladaha qaarkood, Xidhiidhiyayaasha waxaa loo isticmaalaa. Beddelka conductivity ku xiran tahay heerka robab iyo heerka iska caabin xun. Haddii aan ka fiirsan sawirka u dirato drive ah, waa loo siman yahay si danab xadka at 40 V. ammaanka ayaa sidaas hayo heer sare. khasaaro A nidaamka noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo arkaa conductivity hooseeyo at inta jeer ee uu hooseeyo, iyo dollar Shurako kaliya 4 A.

Heerka robab la hayo heer sare, laakiin waxaa gaaray khasaare kulayl weyn. Haddii aan ka fiirsan nidaamka u transistors field-saamayn, labada filtarrada halkaas laga isticmaalo. Isla Gunn diode 20 microns ku haboon. Waa in la rakibo waayo adabtarada ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, danab xadka waa qiyaastii 10 V in ay iska caabin ah taban ee 4 ohms.

qalabka Codsiga of ilaaliyaal drive

Waayo, ilaaliyaal drive haboon diode Gunn 100 microns. beddelka xiridda fuliyay, sida caadiga ah iyada oo loo marayo transistors. Qalabka waxay leeyihiin conductivity wanaagsan oo awood u leh filtarrada Roobka ka shaqeeya. Iyagu ma ay ka cabsan khasaaro kulaylka iyo danab la dayactiray 30 V. Wixii lagu daydo bixiyo amaanka wanaagsan iyo xawaaraha sare ee electrodes ah. Khubarada qaar ayaa sidoo kale si firfircoon u isticmaalaan dioska- ee wareeggeedii la comparators, taas oo ku xiran yihiin via laba adapters. Nidaamiyo ku haboon yihiin sida nooca nidaamka toosan.

Daydo waayo ilaaliyaal noqnoqoshada

Si loo hubiyo hawlgal habboon ee xakamaysada ah inta jeer ee loo isticmaali karaa oo kaliya Gunn diode markaas dajisay. In ka beddelid this oo dhererkeedu yahay waxaa laga yaabaa in 20 ama 50 microns. Xaaladdan oo kale, wax badan ku xiran tahay conductivity ee dirato si toos ah.

Haddii aan ka fiirsan sawirka of capacitor beer, ka dibna waxaa jira iska caabin xun ugu sarreysey waa loo siman yahay ilaa 4 ohms. Marka danab 10 qalab V ee stably shaqeeya iyo muujinayaa xawaare ah electron sare. Robab waxay ku xiran tahay xiriirada kala guurka ammaanka. Sidoo kale, marka xiran dioska- waxaa muhiim ah in fiiro gaar ah u conductivity ku soo wareegi jiray u dhexeeya biraha ah.

Dioska- in ilaaliyaal loolka

Waayo, ilaaliyaal latitudes beddelka ku habboon yahay inuu 50 microns. ku xidhan karto qalabka iyada oo transceiver ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, adapters waxaa lagu soo xulay laba boosteejada. In xaaladda noocaas ah, bixiyo conductivity ee 55 microns at danab a of 12 V. By xira bedelidii waa muhiim si ay u qiimeeyaan iska caabin xun. Sidoo kale waxa ay diiradda saartaa gariiradda contactor ah. Ugu badnaan la ogolaan karo dollar circuit 3 waa Nu. Kaliya filtarrada Relay waxaa loo isticmaalaa si kor loogu qaado amniga ah wax ka bedelidii. Marka dirato la demin marinka danab saarka waa in aan ka badnayn 15 V.