Grass feed: kabsarta, dhir, alfalfa, dhir udgoon ariga ee. guryaha waxtar leh, beerashada

cows calafka Annual ama dilka ah - dalagga qiimo leh in ay yihiin koray for feed xayawaanka. Lagu gartaa a dhalidda wanaagsan, qiimo nafaqo iyo waxay leeyihiin door aad u muhiim ah oo boosaska ah in la xoojiyo saldhig cuntuu. iyaga Grow on calafka cagaaran, silage, haylage, hay, cuntada cawska iyo sida dhaqanka daaqa.

calafka Grass - cunto qiimo leh sababtoo ah waxa ay ka kooban tahay protein, carbohydrates, fiber, iyo fitamiino iyo macdan kala duwan in ay yihiin lagama maarmaan u tahay horumarka iyo koritaanka xoolaha caadiga ah. Its qiimaha dhaqaale ku xiran tahay nafaqo, wax soo saarka, gabanaysa ee xoolaha, iyo sidoo kale baahsanaanta ee gobollada kala duwan.

Noocyada cows calafka xoolaha

In dalka, kaymo badan 80 nooc oo ka mid ah dhaqanka this, oo waxaa jira oo ku saabsan 5,000 dalalkan oo dabiici ah.

All cawska kala qaybsan yihiin 4 kooxood:

• digir,
• cereals,
• sedge;
• forbs.

Waayo, duration nolosha ee cawska noqon kartaa annuals iyo perennials.

Qoyska uu ka digiraha

Bean cawska calafka xoolaha dalalka calafka xoolaha dalkeena laga helo tiro yar, laakiin wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin a feed si caddaalad sare: dhaqanka waa hodan ku protein iyo aad u fiican la cuno by xayawaanka. The ugu baahsan dhir (casaan, caddaan, casaan), IBM corniculatus, alfalfa, jaalle ah, oo berrin bannaan, iwm darajo.

Qoyska uu ka cows

Kooxdan waa mid baahsan ku dhowaad dhammaan goobaha (marka laga reebo lamadegaanka) iyo waxay bixisaa inta badan ee dalagga ee calafka xoolaha daaqa ama hay (inta badan ilaa 80-90%). cereals badankood waxay leeyihiin a sharaf daran sare, gaar ahaan xaaladda dhallinyarada. Inta lagu guda jiro senouborki inta lagu guda jiro dhigtee kuwan waxaa si fiican u sii raagayaan caleemaha, kuwaas oo ah qaybaha ugu qiimaha badan qalajinta. The badarka ugu baahsan sida baal, quackgrass, Ostrets et al.

Sedge cawska calafka

Si kooxdan oo ah dhalatada oo ka mid ah dhirta ka mid ah qoysaska Cyperaceae iyo Juncaceae. dhaqamada Kuwan waxaa loo arkaa in ay qiimo yar yahay qorshaha feed ah, iyo halkii ay si xun u cunin by xayawaanka, laakiin in gobollada waqooyiga ee aaga kaynta inta badan ka samaysan bulk of hay (sedge biyaha, caato ah Carex, iyo kuwo kale). Oo cidlada iyo semi-cidla ah, dareemaduna badan yihiin warshad calafka xoolaha qiimo leh.

cawska jaho

Kooxdan waxaa ka mid ah qoyska kale warshad botanical oo dhan. Cows - calafka xoolaha cawska oo berrin bannaan, taas oo mararka qaar waxay noqon kartaa ilaa 60-70% of taaganyihiin. Qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee iyaga ka mid ah waa muhiim dhaqaale weyn. Geedaha kooxdan ka badan oo nafaqo badan cereals, laakiin wax badan oo ka mid ah waxaa inta badan ka yar cunay by xayawaanka sababta oo ah dhadhan qadhaadh, thorniness, pubescence iyo kuwa kale. Cows content Small (cabbire, løvetann, Farrisiin yahay, iwm) In taaganyihiin (20%) - suurad wacan si ay u isticmaalaan sababtoo ah Halabuurka macdanta hagaajinaysaa gabanaysa iyo lo'diisiiba ayuu ku quudiyaan.

Tiro badan oo ka dhigtee in kooxda in isticmaalka hay huwiyo cawska waa heer sare ah loo baahnayn, sababta oo ah:

• waxa ay barakiyeen ah digiraha iyo firilayda ka qiimo;
• ka mid ah cows ka helay badan oo caws (bindweed beerta, yamaarug jaalaha ah iyo kuwa kale.) iyo sun (buttercup sun ah, hellebore, Dhacdooyinka aconite sun ah iyo kuwo kale.) dhirta.

Feed cows sanadlaha

peculiarity ee calafka sanadlaha cows in ay wareegga horumarinta la buuxiyo sannad gudihii, oo ay u dhintaan. Beeran waayo, Ereyada on quudinta, silage, iyo sidoo kale in ay bixiyaan feed a xoog. cows Annual siin soo dajinno Biyaha sare ee mass cagaaran, waxay leeyihiin qiime sare nafaqada, waxay leeyihiin xilli gaaban u korayo.

Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in bisil dhirta engegsan in dhacdaa qiyaas ahaan 50-60 maalmood, dhaqamada kuwanu waa lagama maarmaan dalagga dhexe, in laba mashquul.

cows Annual kala qaybsan yihiin laba nooc:

• digir,
• bluegrass (badarka).

legume Annual dalagyada calafka xoolaha lagu beeray, guga hore. The dhirta ugu qiimaha badan - guga iyo jiilaalka vetch, darajo, jaawida calafka, ornithopus.

cows Dalagga yihiin annuals kulaylka-jecel ka badan, ay beeray ciid wanaagsan loo ciribtirmaan kuleelka, waayo, beeridda dalagyada horraanta gu'ga. The ugu qiimaha badan waa: cawska Sudan, argagax, masagada, ryegrass sanadlaha ah, masago Siberian, masago luul ah iyo kuwa kale.

cows calafka xoolaha dilka ah

cawska calafka xoolaha dilka ah - beeridda dhirta herbaceous, Filashada nolosha taas oo in ka badan hal sano. Ma koray for feed xayawaanka.

dhaqanka waxaa ka mid ah in ka badan 50 nooc oo dhirta. Waxaa inta badan lagu beeray qaab isku caws, taas oo uu leeyahay saamayn togan ku tayada calafka xoolaha iyo bacriminta ciidda. Beeran dalagyo sida saafi ah iyo in la abuuro daaqa kaymo waa wareeg dalagga.

Sannaddii kowaad oo nolosha, cows dilka ah waxaa lagu soo koraya xad si tartiib ah, baxda leh haramaha iyo soo saari karaan wax-soosaarkooda hooseeyo. Sidaa darteed, waxay talinayaa dib beero badarka ama dalagga oo isku xigta ee digada rogo ama ciidda.

cows dilka ah iyo calafka kala qaybsan yihiin:

• Xabisid (cawska). The ugu caansan: Timoteyos, Brome, ryegrass dilka ah, cawska oo sarreen ah, ryegrass dheer, Kentucky bluegrass, mnogoukosny ryegrass, wheatgrass caato ah, cawska beero, bentgrass cad, iyo fescue cas, foxtail iyo kuwa kale.
• Digiraha, alfalfa, dhir caddaan, dhir cas, pink dhir, sainfoin, IBM corniculatus.

In la abuuro baahi cawska heer sare ah wax soo saar si waafaqsan khasabka ah la dhaqanka beeraha waaweyn ee dhaqanka beerashada.

kabsarta ariga ee

Kozljatnika la xidhiidha geedo yaryar a dilka ah ee qoyska of digiraha. Istaajiyo kacsaday jahaysteen, sida caadiga ah uu soo gaadho height ah 1 m, iyo carrada bacrin ah waa inay awoodaan inay ku koraan ilaa 1.5 m. Nidaam xidid waxa uu leeyahay nooca ul, germinates iyo 80 cm qoto dheer. On xididka ugu muhiimsan ee tirada farcankaaga soo saaray. Marka hore, waxay si gudban horumariyo 30 cm ka dibna Gagaab iyo foomka cusub afkoda.

Baxdey imparipinnate qaadin dhirta, ilaa 30 cm.

Ri ee kabsarta - cawska la buluug cirro leh ama ubaxyo buluug u eg dawanno, kuwaas oo laga soo ururiyey in inflorescence-burushka. On stem kasta waxaa la abuuri karaa of 3-5 gogo '. Fruiting dhacdaa in September iyo October. Digirta size yar (dheer 2-4 cm), orange mugdi ah, ku dhowaad brown, 3-7 ee abuurka midhaha. kabsarta Rida ayaa koritaanka halkii gaabis ah, iyo haddii aanay ilaa dayrta koraa 20 cm ee height, kaasu waa kan ugu badanaa workpiece la wareejiyo sanadka soo socda.

Seeds ay awoodaan si ay u ilaaliyaan tayada kor biqilka ilaa 8 sano.

kabsarta Ri waa dhirta dhaxan u adkaysta ilaa xad si fiican u dulqaadan karin xataa qaboobuhu aad u adag.

2 noocyada loo yaqaan of this warshad bariga kabsarta ariga ee (geedo yaryar calafka) iyo daawooyinka.

ryegrass sanadlaha

warshad calafka xoolaha Aad u qiimo badan, siinta calafka cagaaran fiican iyo hay. mass cagaaran waxaa ku jira borotiinka 3.2%, protein 2.3%, 8% fiber cuntada. Isaga oo u Degdagi cunay by xoolaha, marka lagu daro, waa quudinta wanaagsan shimbiraha qoyska. hay ryegrass Annual hay liito nafaqo of argagax, cawska Sudan iyo dalagyo kale oo badarka. Xayawaanka cunaan si fiican oo caws. soosaarkooda Annual of hay - oo ku saabsan 7-8 t / ha of mass cagaaran - 20-30 t / ha, farcankii - 0.5-0.6 t / ha.

ryegrass Annual ayaa otavnost sare, inta lagu guda jiro xilli sii kordhaya siinayaa 2-3 cawskiisa. Ka dib markii engegsan labaad koraan dib loo isticmaali karaa sida calafka xoolaha daaqa ilaa dayrta goor dambe, tan iyo markii ay u dul qaadasho dhaxan dayrta yar.

melilot

Tani legume sanadlaha ah ama labadii sannoba hal aan qabyo ahayn, kartida si ay u koraan on mid aad u liita, bacaadka ah, dhagaxa iyo dhoobada carradu, iyo sidoo kale in kuwa meelaha ay ka jiraan waa dihnayd lahayn. dhirta dhir ugama cabsato biyaha cusbada iyo carradu xumadoodu, laakiin uma dulqaataan dhulal acidic iyo dalkii culus go'aysa, la dhawaanshaha dhow miiska biyaha. nidaamka xididka waa xoog leh oo si fiican u horumarsan, si aan geedaha this siin karaan dalagga wanaagsan ee goobaha oomanaha ah meesha dalagyo kale oo calafka gubi. Marka tiro ku filan oo goosashada roob of mass cagaaran gaari karaan ilaa 8.7 tons / ha.

dhirta dhir waxaa si guul leh loo isticmaalo ma aha oo kaliya in cunto laakiin sidoo kale digada cagaaran.

Seeds Gagaab heerkulka a of 2 ilaa 50 ° C, caleemaha u adkeysan karaan keydsho -6 ...- 5 ° C, iyo qabow u adkaysta dilka ah noocyo qaar ka mid ah aan Barafka ka cabsadeen inay 40 ° C.

dhir udgoon waa warshad qiimo-protein sare calafka, taas oo aan nafaqo liita dhir, alfalfa iyo sainfoin. Waxaa inta badan laga heli karaa seeraha, riteen bannaan, roadsides.

Waa abaarta u adkaysta, qabow u adkaysta iyo adkaysi u cudurada dhirta iyo cayayaanka ku haboon Ereyada, silage iyo hay. in la abuuri karaa labada isku dhiska ee, iyo sidoo kale iyaga u gaar ah.

dhir caddaan

Korayo si wanaagsan in bacaadka ah, loamy imaanshada iyo carradu acidic ama dhex-dhexaad ah. Sannaddii kowaad ee cawska (dhir) waa inay awoodaan inay ubax iyo soo saaraan abuur. Sannaddii labaad ee nolosha yimaado horumar buuxa. Mid ka mid ah meel u koraan kartaa ilaa 9-10 sano.

Grass (dhir), qoyaan iyo Qorraxda-jecel, dhaxan u adkaysta. Waxaa ugu fiican koray meelaha cimilada qabow qoyan, halkaas oo ay jirto abaar jirin.

Beeridda dhir cad waa dhirta calafka u fiican oo ay ku badan tahay protein. xoolaha Pritaptyvanie markii daaqa ma xakameeyo geedka, on lid ku ah, waxay gacan ka geysaneysaa Firirsanaan ka wanaagsan. Beerto legume ah in hagaajinaysaa bacriminta ciidda. Its daro ka kooban la isku cawska Timoteyos, ryegrass iyo dhirta kale ee hagaajinaysaa caws daaqa tayada feed - kordhay content protein, fosfooraska, baruurta, calcium, potassium, iyo yaraynaysaa fiber. dhalidda ee mass cagaaran ee seeraha ku - saabsan 60-120 kg / ha, hay ku saabsan 18-35 kg / ha, Abuur 3.0-5.0 t / ha.

alfalfa

Tani waa a digiraha calafka xoolaha cawska dilka ah. Waxaa loo adeegsaday labada sida calafka cagaaran, iyo si loo helo hay tayo sare leh. abuurka Alfalfa ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalo ujeeddooyin, daawooyinka. Dhaqanka hagaajinaysaa qaab-dhismeedka ciidda, iyo sidoo kale ciidda nitrogen-hodan, baabbi'iyeen caws. Lagu gartaa iska caabin sare abaarta iyo hardiness jiilaalka. In doog bay kor u qaban karaan in ay 10 sano ama ka badan. Ka dib markii engegsan si tartiib ah u koraa.

Warshad Tani jecel yahay in ay ku quudiyaan ciidda madow, gudboon kaynta-steppe, Peat iyo carradu cirro brown iyo ciidda oo kale liin-hodanka ah. Alfalfa u koraa si liidata on carradu dhoobo loo baajiyey oo culus.

Warshad Tani waxaa ku jira wax badan oo fitamiin iyo protein. Waxa si fiican loo dheefshiido by geedo daaq. abuurka Alfalfa beeray labada qaab saafi ah iyo in shaydi.