DC motor: qalabka, codsiga shaqada

shaqo ayaa ka hadlay in this article, unit ku xiran tahay gebi on ifafaale ah ee induction electromagnetic. Tani waa aasaasiga ah mabda 'hawlgalka of motor ka DC. Waxaa si fiican u la og yahay in hadda-waday kaari kordhin lagu dul geeyaa zone ah oo duurka ku magnetic, ayaa xoog ah saamayn, taas oo la goostay laga yaabaa in iyadoo la raacayo qaanuunka-gacanta bidix, F = B * I * L, halkaas oo -electric aan hadda, B - beerta induction; L - dhererkiisu wuxuu fakaray. Gudbaya khadadka xoog magnetic, kaari ah keensataa ciidamo electromotive, taas oo la xiriirta qulqulka hadda waxaa si toos ah bay ku qaadeen, oo waxaa loo yaqaan reverse ah ama miiska. motor ayaa badasha awood DC ee qaab farsamo ah ee tamarta, laakiin sidoo kale qayb ahaan u qaataan on kululaynta.

On dusha sare ee qalabka shirka si farsamaysan loo arki karaa sida soo socota: dhismeedka motor DC waa mid fudud, waxaa wakiil ka ah inductor iyo armature ah, kuwaas oo ku go'doonsan by farqiga cirka ah.

Inductor abuuraa beer taagan magnetic of mishiinka iyo, ka bacdi, ka kooban jir ah, baallaha (muhiimsan iyo dheeraad ah). Dhajinta on ulaha jir ah, iyo substrate laftiisa waa lug rakibo Bannaanka magnetic. The beerta fuuli jiray ulaha ugu weyn ee ka kooban abuuro beer magnetic, iyo dheeraad ah - gariiradda si loo hagaajiyo xidhiidhka.

Motor DC qalabaysan barroosinka ka ilaashatay oo kala duwan, silig iyo kaydka coil (rakibay on dhululubo usheeda dhexe oo ka mid ah taarikada copper). saarista waxyaabaha waa la fuliyay buraashka hadda. Waxay go'an yihiin oo lagu qabtay meel gaar ah, kaas oo bixiya xoog loo baahan yahay ee cadaadiska uu saaran yahay ururinaysa.

Inta uu hawlgalka socday of motor burush DC guuro ka badan dusha sare ee wareegaya kaydka sidan oo kale in ay si joogto ah laga soo gudbo hal saxan in kale. Sidaas beddelato qaybaha isku midka ah gariiradda iyo armature hadda waxaa la beddelo. Geeddi-socodka, iyo sidoo kale ifafaale xidhiidh la leh, wax loo yaqaan isbeddelka. EMF sababa hadda dheeraad ah, taas oo uu leeyahay qaybinta ah sineyn ee cufnaanta awood dushiisa of burush ka. In tani ay tahay sababta ugu weyn ee dhalisay ururiyaha ah (in xoogga this ifafaale lagu qiyaasay Beddelashada iyo darajooyinka tayada qeexay awoodaha ay leedahay).

DC motor awood excitation marista - abuurista waxaa duurka a magnetic loo baahan yahay in qalabka. Waxay kala qaybsan yihiin afar kooxood (habka wadista):

• Independent kuwaas oo loogu fuuli jiray waxaa ku shaqeeya ka ah isha DC dibadda.
• Isku midka ah - fuuli jiray ee isku midka ah si ay ugu deeqdo gariiradda armature ah.
• Joogto ah - ku xiran ee taxanahan.
• Qaso (marka la xidho gariiradda excitation serial iyo isku midka ah).

At danab-upka ugu horeysay oo armature ka go'an yahay in ay tahay eber. Resistance waa yar yahay, sidaa darteed hadda laga bilaabo noqon kartaa 10-20 jeer ka badan ee lagu qiimeeyo. Si loo xaqiijiyo in a siman bilowga ah waxaa laga codsadaa resistor stepwise kuwaas oo qiimaha ay suurtagal tahay iska caabin ah waxaa loo doortay by motor hadda ka heleynin.