Biiro Heerkulka: nidaamka, mabda'a hawlgalka, ballan

Ilaalinta qalabka korontada ka load xad-dhaaf ah Relay kaamerada bixisaa. La'aanteed, fiilooyin si kululaado, taasoo keentay in failure dhicis ah ee dahaarka ah.

Mabda 'hawlgalka

function Relay kaamerada waa in barkinta circuit marka hadda dal dhex badato magacaaban ah. qalab ka kooban yahay termopodogrevatelya kaas oo hadda korontada maraa, iyo waslad khafiifa oo bimetal ah, kaas oo la doorinaynaa dul kululaynta iyo furmay silsilad xiriirrada. The hadda ugu sareeya, hawlgalka dhakhso ah.

Ka dib markii thermocouple ku circuit furan qaboobeyso iyo celinta ay gobolka asalka ah.

Noocyada Fikirka fuser ah

Relay kaamerada shaqeeya iyada oo laba qorsheyaasha:

• xiriirada Beddelashada xiran yihiin dib xoog,
• nidaamka waxaa dib madax banaan.

muuqashadii ugu horeeya ee la xidhiidha kaamerada ilaaliya Relay (electromagnetic contactors, circuit mawjadaha et al.). labaad waxaa loo adeegsadaa in heerkulka nidaamiyo nidaamka walxaha (qaboojiyaha, bir ah, dabaqa kulul et al.).

Saxanka bimetallic at darbo u dhaqmo on kooxaha xiriirka, kaas oo ka furmay circuit korontada. Sababtoo ah ee xawaaraha jawaab yar yahay qalab aanu ku damiyaan ARC la tarin. In qalabka Relay maanta waxaa loo isticmaalaa, sii kordhaya xawaaraha circuit furan.

Noocyada Relays kaamerada

Relays kaamerada lagu doorto at load ku motor magacaaban waxaa aad iyo aad by 20-30%. Iyada oo jilaafada dollar sida dhaco ka dib markii 20 min. Saxanka bimetallic si tartiib ah sags. Marka tan la eego, waxaa u dhaqmo on biinanka ah iyada oo dardar qalab (xiriir kabashada) ee. The noocyada soo socda ee Relay kaamerada.

1. RTP - ilaaliyo saddex matoorrada wajiga la thermoelements on hadda ilaa 600 A oo ah shabakadaha danab DC ilaa 150 A. saxanka bimetal la kululeeyo by kululeeyaha iyo therethrough ah dal hadda. actuating hadda waxaa gacanta ku toosiya lahayo ku hore ee ahaa wasladdii. Dib u celi adigoo riixaya badhanka, laakiin waxaa jira version a la a self-resetting.
2. RTL - ilaalinta ee matoorrada induction saddex wajiga by dollar dheer, dheeliyaan wajiga halka arrimha dibada rotor ah, ama in bilowga daran. Xaaladahan oo kale, oo ka hawlgala habab korontada qaadista, bambooyin, taageerayaasha, iyo mashiinada kale. Relay geliyo in bilowga, oo waxaad ka samaysaa qalabka shaqsi.
3. PTT - waxaa ka mid ahaa in ay xirmooyinka ilaalinta ee matoorrada induction saddex wajiga by dollar dheer, dheeliyaan wajiga, iwm Waxay waxaa gundhig laga yaabaa in ay .. actuators magnetic in wareeggeedii AC iyo DC.

Control iyo qaabeynta

Relays electrothermal waa in ay xilliyo gaar saaray qiimaha laga qaadayo ah. Koowaad ee kormeerka iyo hubisaa in ay heerkulka gudaha loo dejiyay. Marka imtixaan xaalad ka mid ah xiriirada, taarikada bimetal, xubno iyo hababka ugu fiiriyey.

Rakibaadda for darmuus kulaylka hagaajin karo ka dhigi dhinaca badaneyso ama ay yaraaneyso, halkaas oo qeyb kasta oo ka mid ah baaxadda u dhiganta wax ka beddelka 10 ° C. Haddii Relays ka qaadato gunnada heerkulka, sixitaanka ma loo baahan yahay.

La qabsiga waxa loo sameeyey in ay ku shaqeeyaan kordhay lix laab aan _{magaca naanaysta ah.} Iyada oo qalabka tiiro hooseeyo waxaa lagu firfircoonaan in bareeg ah ee 0.5-4 s, oo ah mid weyn - 4 ilaa 25 ilbiriqsi. Markaas, iyada oo la samaynaayo kordhay hadda ka 1.2 in aan _naanaysta. Relays sidaas waa barkinta xiriirada 20 min.

qalabka fudud

biiro Heerkulka la abuuray oo ku salaysan karaa wareeggeedii elektaroonik ah oo loo isticmaalo si ay u ilaaliyaan hab Fundka heerkulka of computer, dhismaha, hagitaanada iyo D. Si darmuus this t. la isticmaali karaa, circuit ee oo ka kooban shidma ka kooban qiyaaso iyo poluplecha tixraaca thermistor R ₂ iyo resistors R _1, R _3, R _4.

Marka isbedel heerkulka kala duwan yihiin qiimaha caabin R _2. signal qalad ayaa la quudin ka buundada inay aqbasho ee LM393 IC. Waxay ka shaqaysaa hab comparator meesha tubada 3 of signal analog waa kala guurka ah kadis ah gobol ay off in ay si firfircoon. Signal ka circuit saarka la maqalka by transistor Q _1, ka dibna taageere u keenaysay dhacdaa. Waxaa qaboobeyso thermistor ah, ka dibna comparator ku badalato off haadiyey. Sidaas, maamulka kaamerada dhacdaa via qaboojinta hawada.

Shidma for gacanta ku heerkulka of kululaynta dabaqa

On mabda'a isku mid ah si ay u maareeyaan nidaamka kulaylinta dabaqa.

The danab AC 230 codsatay in qalabka talooyin ka dibna diinta ee korontada transformerless ah si joogto ah 15 W. The marinkii waxaa lagu qeexaa qaybiye R _4, R _5, R _9. Marka dabaqa qabow, R ₉ iska caabin thermistor waa 10 ohms. On TL431 zener helo signal a kor ku xusan 2.5 volts silsilad VD _3, R _6, HL _2, U _1. Muujinaysa of this waxaa loo sameeyaa diode HL _2. Triac VS ₁ wuu rogmadaa on oo danab ku bixisey in kululaynta dhulka. Marka ay gaadho heer-kulka qiimaha Muddeysan, R iska caabin thermistor ₉ (shidma) waxaa hoos u dhacay si diode Zener at qiimaha ay gacanta ku signal la gelin ah uu noqdo mid ka yar 2.5 V. TL431 qufulan, iyo si ay u optosimistor triac. Sidaas darteed, unit kululeeyaha la furi. Sida ugu dhakhsaha badan dhulka uu bilaabo inuu ku qaboojiyo, geeddi-socodka lagu celceliyo.

The ugu yaraan iyo ugu badnaan heerkulka ayaa lagu wadaa by resistors R ₄ iyo _{5 R.} marinkii Mase waxaa hagaajiyay ka dib markii rakibidda R shidma _9. Its ku yaalla bartamaha dhexeeya gariiradda kululeeyaha ah. saarka xoogga, ku shaqeeya by Relay ah kaamerada, waxa ay ku xidhan qiimaha caabin R _7.

boosteejada shidma Upcoming xiran tuubo shrinkable, waxaana lagu shaabadeeyey kulanka cable ama lakabka koolo. Gabagabadii waxaa lagu talinayaa in ay ku riday darafta naxaas ah oo ka buuxin cusbi epoxy. dusiyeen dabaqa dahaarka Top.

Sidee in ay ku xidhmaan darmuus si kululeeyaha ah, waxaa laga arki karaa jaantuska, oo ay matalayaan on jirka ah ee noocyo badan. Waxa kale oo laga heli karaa sharaxaad ka mid ah qalabka.

darmuus Industrial for kululeeyaha ka noocyadan soo socda waxaa lagu qaadan karaa:

• korontada - dhaqaaqayo keddibna buugan;
• digital - gacanta lagu sameeyaa badhamada dareen ama taabashada, iyo macluumaadka lagama maarmaanka ah (heerkulka hadda iyo goobaha) waxaa soo bandhigay qaab ah;
• programmable - meel kululeeyaha barnaamijka muddo dejiyay, iyo meelo fog oo ay gacanta ku computer.

gunaanad

Waxaa jira dhowr siyaabood oo sida in ay ku xidhmaan Relay ah kaamerada qalabka. Hadda ka hor, waxay lahaayeen si ay u ururiyaan gacmaha iyaga u gaar ah. Hadda suuqa, waxaad dooran kartaa darmuus ah, kuwaas oo qorshaha yahay loogama sida haanta (kululeeyaha korontada, dabaqa diiran iyo kuwo kale.). Waxaa muhiim ah in ay bixiyaan lagama maarmaanka ah ka shaqeynayaan, isku halaynta iyo ammaanka hawlgal.