Alexander Afanasyev iyo shuqulladiisa

Maxaa buugaagta ku dhowaad ka film ka akhriyi? Dabcan, sheekooyin. Tani waa sheekooyinka ugu horeysay, oo u sheeg waalidiinta in ay caruurtooda. Kuwaas oo kala ah, waxaan soo saaro casharada koowaad: wanaagsan waa ka itaal badan xun, waxa ay had iyo jeer ku guuleystay. Oo in kastoo Jidka mararka nelogok, laakiin idinku ma aydnaan kor ku siin karaan iyo in ay aaminsan yihiin naftooda iyo xooggoodii. Caqli, ee sheeko cirfiid wanaagsan - waa dunida weyn, taas oo ilmaha ka maalmood ee ugu horreeya nolosha ka furmay.

Wuxuu baranayaa in aad ka fikirto, inaad wax wanaagsan ka xun kala saaro, si ay u qiimeeyaan tallaabooyinka jilayaasha sheeko cirfiid. Warkii diyaarinta ilmaha u ah nolosha dadka waaweyn, waxaa la baraa sida loo dhaqmo adduun badan. Marka ay timaado in sheeko cirfiid ah, ma suurtowdo in aan dib ugu yeeran weyn "sheeko-shaqaalaha bangiga" - Alexander Nikolayevich Afanasyev, sababtoo ah waxaan noqon lahaa, iyada oo ma aqoonsana wax "dabocase" ama "digaagga Ryaba" ama "bolle".

mustaqbalkiisa

Afanasev Aleksandr Nikolaevich (1826-1871) waxa uu ku dhashay gobolka Voronezh ah, magaalada Boguchar. Aabbihiis u adeegay sida qareen oo sidaas daraaddeed isku dayeen in ay carruurtooda bixiyaan waxbarasho wanaagsan. Ka dib ka qalin dugsiga sare Voronezh Afanasiev soo diray in Moscow, halkaas oo uu ka galay jaamacadda. Ka dib markii qalin, wuxuu baraa suugaanta iyo taariikhda Ruush, oo sannad ka dib soo galay adeega ee archive ah.

Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay tahay sannadaha wax shuqul ah archive ah ayaa ugu badiyey ixtiraam hal abuur leh. Waxaa uu kula kulmay qaar ka mid ah waraaqaha ee qiimaha taariikhiga ah, laakiin geli karin in ay intooda badan. Afanasiev daabacaa wargayska "The qoraalada bibliographic," oo wuxuu arkay qalabka iftiinka ee la xidhiidha shaqada ee caanka Ruush aqoon yahanno, qorayaasha iyo gabayaaga. Alexander Afanasyev qoray badan, u dhaqmo sida cilmibaare iyo wariye. Mid ka mid ah publications yar sannadahan:

• "N. Novikov. "
• "Ganacsiga buugga Ruush."
• "Maadeys Cantemir".
• "The polemics suugaanta ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay."

Wax aan la daabacay ayaa laga yaabaa in Russia, waxaa dibadda geeyey oo u muuqday in London ee aqooneed ee "Polar Star", mid ka mid ah daabacayaasha wuxuu ahaa kacaan a Ruush A. I. Gertsen. In 1862, Afanasyeva ka adeega, oo lagu eedeeyay in uu ku lug la ducaadda London ka saaray. Alexander Afanasyev oo aan shaqo joogto ah ahaa dhowr sano, iyo in 1865 uu soo galay ee Kaaliyaha Xoghayaha Duma, Heshiisyo U jagada xoghayaha labo sano ka dib. Qoraaga weyn ku dhintay da'da 45 ee qaaxada.

dhaqdhaqaaqa taariikhiga ah

lover A weyn ee Qarniyadii hore, Afanasiev baadhayaa oo dhan ku xiran yahay taariikhda Russia, qaadataa on buugga lagu qoray jir. Waxa uu leeyahay shuqullo badan u huray in taariikhda Russia, wuxuu iyagii ku soo daabacay wargeyska "Casriga" ( "State Farm hoos Peter Weyn", "Pskov Garsoorka Charter" iyo kuwa kale.). Wuxuu qorayaa dib u eegista suugaanta taariikhiga ah ee daabacaadan ah "Society of History iyo Antiquities" jaamacadda. Waa "ka Society of Lovers of Suugaanta", baadhayaa archives, ku hadla iyo daabacdaa articles ku saabsan abuurka erayo cusub dadka. The xaaladaha ugu daran oo xun, waxaa ka Afanasiev dhammeeyey oo la daabacay shaqada weyn ee uu noloshiisa - ". Views Gabayadu on nooca Slavs ah"

hawlaha suugaanta

Tan iyo 1850, Alexander Afanasiev si buuxda u wareegeen on cilmi la xiriira hiddaha, caddooyinka iyo ethnography dadka. waxbarashada waxaa ka mid ah qiimaha weyn. Waxa uu na siinaysaa ee la soo dhaafay ka fog, ee asal ahaan luqadda casriga ah. Waxay keentaa in ay tacsida ballaaran oo caadooyinka jir ah, waxay aaminsan yihiin, hiddaha iyo tusaalayaasha suugaanta Slavic. Waqtigaas, daabacay in publications badan, in ka badan 60 articles, oo ay ku jiraan:

• "Guriga Awoowe" daraasad on caddooyinka.
• "Sage oo sixirkii."
• "Ilaahyo Zoomorphic of Slavs ah."
• "Dhowr ereyo ku saabsan xiriirka ka mid ah luqada la Baxiira qoom."
• "Caadooyinka jaahilka jasiiradda of Buyan".
• "Majaladaha garneel lagu Ruush 1769-1774 GG.".

warkii dad Ruush

On xammaasadda Afanasyev qoray warkii aqoonyahan Ruush iyo ethnographer Pypin A. N. In dib u eegis ah oo nuqulka kowaad ee sheekooyinka, wuxuu sheegay in marka la barbardhigo yabban ku ekayd Afanasiev iyo calaamad aad loogu guulaystay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa uu isla markiiba isaga caayaa wixii qoraaga waxa uu isku dayayaa in la siiyo dhacdooyinka ugu yar ee sharaxaad ka-awaalka. sidoo kale Chernyshevsky NG this tilmaamay, laakiin intaa ku daray in aan la heshiin karin sharaxaad ka Afanasyev.

dhaleecayn badan oo Alexander Afanasyev sheegay in caddooyinka ah - saynis la mid ah, iyo adiga oo keliya karaan dib-u-abuuri sawir buuxa oo ka mid ah maalmood jir markii si faahfaahsan ugu yar waa la bartay. Waxa uu ku dooday in halyeeyada, hiddaha, caddooyinka lagama sooci karo taariikhda qaranka. Warkii badan ayaa bartey xiran ifafaale ee dabiiciga ah, taas oo sharaxaad lahayn, taas oo mar kale ayaa xaqiijiyay in ay dareen-awaalka. Fahan dhaleecayn qiimaha cilmiyaysan ee uu cilmi baaris ku caddooyinka ayaa la kulantay Afanasyev daran.

ururinta hore ee sheekooyinka

Afanasyev edition of sheekooyinka in xaaladahaas - nooc ka mid ah feat. Wuxuu warqad u qoray tifaftiraha ee "Notes of Fatherland ah" oo codsaday in edition of warkii dad. Wuxu tusaale ka mid ah Grimm Brothers ah, taas oo waa wax qiimo leh in uu u qalmo xiiso. Laakiin wax ku weriyey iyo hadda aan u safan sida mugga, oo wakhtigaas hantiyeen Afanasiev, fog kibirka awoodaha of majaladda.

In 1952, Society Ruushka dhuleed diraa Afanasyev collection of sheekooyinka, kuwaas oo lahaa in archives uu. By waqtiga at asturidda qoraaga waxa uu ahaa oo ku saabsan 1000 sheekooyinka gudbiyo waxa Dalem V. I. Labada waxyaabaha u baahan maaraysay si taxaddar leh, sida ay dad kala duwan, iyo tayada wax lagu qoro oo kala duwan, iyo style soo ururay. In 1855 wuxuu daabacay nuqulka kowaad ee "warkii dad Ruush."

Warkii Out Aleksandra Afanaseva dhowr daayo. Wadar ah siddeed arrimaha lagu daray in ka badan 600 oo alaabta. Waxa uu doortay si ay u daabacaan sheekooyinka carruurta ugu xiiso leh ee. Waxay ahayd markaa in akhristayaasha ugu horeysay la Koshcheev iyo Baba Yaga kulmay, ka bartay oo ku saabsan Firebird iyo Kolobok maqlay oo ku saabsan Palace yaryar iyo Mary Morevna. Tani waa ugu weyn ee waqtiga ururinta ee sheekooyinka ee dunida.

dirka sheekooyinka

Marka diyaarinta dheeraad ah waxyaabaha la Afanasiev u maleeyeen bixi oo kala saaro. Ayuu u qaybiyey warkii kooxihii gudahood: sheekooyinka Tacaddi, mythological, bahal sheeko, sheekooyin of påskkäringar iyo meydad, warkii qoyska iyo kaftan. Later, uu dhintay ka dib, dhowr fududeeyey kala soocidda: Warkii xoolaha, daryeelka iyo si layaab-fi. Laakiin waxaa uu ku salaysan yahay mabda'a ah in abuuray Alexander Afanasyev ah.

Books ma keeni karaa qanacsanayn ka mid ah wadaadada iyo maamulka. Faafreebka si adag hor joogsada waxqabadka of Afanasiev. Dhanka kale ee Geneva ayaa sii daayay a collection of "Warkii urursan" xidhashada antichurch iyo qof antibarsky. uruuriyaa Publishing Afanasyeva - dhacdada weyn ee nolosha bulshada iyo sayniska ee Russia. Ka dib markii uu sii daayo, dhaleecayn badan oo caan ah iyo dhaleecayn suugaanta waqtiga la jiray oo dib u eegista.

Warkii Reebay Afanasyev

ka sheekooyinka carruurta reebo, Afanasyev iska leh ururinta ka mid ah sheekooyinka ee dadka waaweyn, sii daayay Geneva. "warkii dad Ruush ma daabacid" ururinta "Warkii, halyeeyada iyo micnaynta" ayaa sidoo kale mamnuucay in Russia iyo faafiyo. Mas'uuliyiinta ayaa u arkay in jihada ay ka kooban tahay fikirrada waxyeello. Waxaa ka mid ah qoraalo ku bakhayli, nacasnimo, Ibliisku, wuxuush awaalka iyo jinniyadooda sharka leh. Aad u qiimo badan marka la eego dhaxalka ruuxiga ah ee ururinta ka mid ah dadka.

Inta lagu jiro sano faafreebka saxariirin uruuriyaa badan ka yar magacyada kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, sheekooyinka la content kula beera ubaxa daabacay hoos horyaalka: "Balcaam. Year of obscurantism. " Buugani ayaa la ganaaxay muddo dheer. In Russia, iyadu way u timid markii ugu horeysay 1997. ururiyaha A caanka ah ee hiddo iska leh buugaag badan oo la daabacay ee soo gudbinaynaa.

Sidaa darteed, waxay inta badan khaldin shuqulka saffarro, kaasoo qalinka ku duugay buugga "zone cudurka". Alexander Afanasyev - author casriga ah qoraal in Xarakada sifayn ah. Laakiin shuqulkiisuna waa gudaheedana sinaba uma ay la xiriira warkii in samigiisa weyn, kan naftiisa u huray ururinta ee hiddaha. Total collection of Afanaseva Aleksandra Nikolaevicha ku saabsan tahay laba kun iyo warkii. Ciise wuxuu galay taariikhda dhaqanka Ruush sida publisher koowaad ee ururinta ka mid ah sheekooyinka dad.